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Author: Arnab Chatterjee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 884700389X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
We all know the hard fact: neither wealth nor income is ever uniform for us all. Justified or not, they are unevenly distributed; few are rich and many are poor! Investigations for more than hundred years and the recent availability of the income distribution data in the internet (made available by the finance ministries of various countries; from the tax return data of the income tax departments) have revealed some remarkable features. Irrespective of many differences in culture, history, language and, to some extent, the economic policies followed in different countries, the income distribution is seen to fol low a particular universal pattern. So does the wealth distribution. Barring an initial rise in population with income (or wealth; for the destitutes), the population decreases either exponentially or in a log-normal way for the ma jority of 'middle income' group, and it eventually decreases following a power law (Pareto law, following Vilfredo Pareto's observation in 1896) for the rich est 5-10 % of the population! This seems to be an universal feature - valid for most of the countries and civilizations; may be in ancient Egypt as well! Econophysicists tried to view this as a natural law for a statistical ma- body-dynamical market system, analogous to gases, liquids or solids: classical or quantum.
Author: Arnab Chatterjee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 884700389X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Get Book Here
Book Description
We all know the hard fact: neither wealth nor income is ever uniform for us all. Justified or not, they are unevenly distributed; few are rich and many are poor! Investigations for more than hundred years and the recent availability of the income distribution data in the internet (made available by the finance ministries of various countries; from the tax return data of the income tax departments) have revealed some remarkable features. Irrespective of many differences in culture, history, language and, to some extent, the economic policies followed in different countries, the income distribution is seen to fol low a particular universal pattern. So does the wealth distribution. Barring an initial rise in population with income (or wealth; for the destitutes), the population decreases either exponentially or in a log-normal way for the ma jority of 'middle income' group, and it eventually decreases following a power law (Pareto law, following Vilfredo Pareto's observation in 1896) for the rich est 5-10 % of the population! This seems to be an universal feature - valid for most of the countries and civilizations; may be in ancient Egypt as well! Econophysicists tried to view this as a natural law for a statistical ma- body-dynamical market system, analogous to gases, liquids or solids: classical or quantum.
Author: Morgan Reynolds
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483277607
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Public Expenditures, Taxes, and the Distribution of Income: The United States, 1950, 1961, 1970 explores income inequality over time to a more comprehensive than usual definition of income, one that includes the benefits and burdens of government expenditures and taxes at all levels. The book provides a discussion of topics on the impact of income redistribution on the fiscal comparisons of final income distributions; and experimental results involving artificial government budgets. The book will be interesting to economists.
Author: Oswald Whitman Knauth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Income
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Individual retirement accounts
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: Frederick Robertson Macaulay
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Income
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Author: United States. Office of Business Economics
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Income
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author: John Bates Clark
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wages, prices and productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Author: Duangkamon Chotikapanich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387727965
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote in the Preface to his famous Discourse on Inequality that “I consider the subject of the following discourse as one of the most interesting questions philosophy can propose, and unhappily for us, one of the most thorny that philosophers can have to solve. For how shall we know the source of inequality between men, if we do not begin by knowing mankind?” (Rousseau, 1754). This citation of Rousseau appears in an article in Spanish where Dagum (2001), in the memory of whom this book is published, also cites Socrates who said that the only useful knowledge is that which makes us better and Seneca who wrote that knowing what a straight line is, is not important if we do not know what rectitude is. These references are indeed a good illustration of Dagum’s vast knowledge, which was clearly not limited to the ?eld of Economics. For Camilo the ?rst part of Rousseau’s citation certainly justi?ed his interest in the ?eld of inequality which was at the centre of his scienti?c preoccupations. It should however be stressed that for Camilo the second part of the citation represented a “solid argument in favor of giving macroeconomic foundations to microeconomic behavior” (Dagum, 2001). More precisely, “individualism and methodological holism complete each other in contributing to the explanation of individual and social behavior” (Dagum, 2001).
Author: National Bureau of Economic Research
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Income
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264044191
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
This report provides evidence of a fairly generalised increase in income inequality over the past two decades across OECD countries, but the timing, intensity and causes of the increase differ from what is typically suggested in the media.
