Author: Wenbin Guo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889661954
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author: Zaicu Cui
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832510213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Neuropsychiatric disorders have a huge impact on individuals, families and societies. However, the neuropathology underlying cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders remains unclear. Resting-state functional connectivity provides a powerful way to investigate functional alterations underlying cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional FC analysis measures the correlations of signals with an assumption that functional connectivity remains constant during the observation period. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of dynamic methods in characterization of functional brain changes, such as dynamic functional connectivity investigated by a sliding window method. However, selection of window size, window stepsize and window type are open areas of research and an important parameter to capture the resting-state FC dynamics.
Author: Vaibhav A. Diwadkar
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030597970
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
Brain network function and dysfunction is the dominant model for understanding how the brain gives rise to normal and abnormal behavior. Moreover, neuropsychiatric illnesses continue to resist attempts to reveal an understanding of their bases. Thus, this timely volume provides a synthesis of the uses of multiple analytic methods as they are applied to neuroimaging data, to seek understanding of the neurobiological bases of psychiatric illnesses, understanding that can subsequently aid in their management and treatment. A principle focus is on the analyses and application of methods to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. fMRI remains the most widely used neuroimaging technique for estimating brain network function, and several of the methods covered can estimate brain network dysfunction in resting and task-active states. Additional chapters provide details on how these methods are (and can be) applied in the understanding of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, autism, borderline personality disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A final complement of chapters provides a collective overview of how this framework continues to provoke theoretical advances in our conception of the brain in psychiatry. This unique volume is designed to be a comprehensive resource for imaging researchers interested in psychiatry, and for psychiatrists interested in advanced imaging applications.
Author: Jay J. Pillai
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 032354892X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Functional Connectivity, and is edited by Dr. Jay Pillai. Articles will include: Applications of rs-fMRI to presurgical mapping: sensorimotor mapping; Dynamic functional connectivity methods; Machine learning applications to rs-fMRI analysis; Frequency domain analysis of rs-fMRI; Applications of rs-fMRI to epilepsy; Data-driven analysis methods for rs-fMRI; Applications of rs-fMRI to presurgical mapping: language mapping; Limitations of rs-fMRI in the setting of focal brain lesions; Applications of rs-fMRI to neuropsychiatric disease; Applications of rs-fMRI to Traumatic Brain Injury; Applications of rs-fMRI to neurodegenerative disease; Graph theoretic analysis of rs-fMRI; and more!
Author: Dewen Hu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789813295254
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book presents recent advances in pattern analysis of the human connectome. The human connectome, measured by magnetic resonance imaging at the macroscale, provides a comprehensive description of how brain regions are connected. Based on machine learning methods, multiviarate pattern analysis can directly decode psychological or cognitive states from brain connectivity patterns. Although there are a number of works with chapters on conventional human connectome encoding (brain-mapping), there are few resources on human connectome decoding (brain-reading). Focusing mainly on advances made over the past decade in the field of manifold learning, sparse coding, multi-task learning, and deep learning of the human connectome and applications, this book helps students and researchers gain an overall picture of pattern analysis of the human connectome. It also offers valuable insights for clinicians involved in the clinical diagnosis and treatment evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Author: Richard Joules
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
The human brain is a complex biological network consisting of spatially separated but functionally integrated regions. Study of functional connectivity gained immense popularity in recent years providing new insight into the mechanisms underlying complex functions and the fundamental organisation of the brain. This has led to the emergence of new techniques for investigating connectivity, such as the application of pattern recognition techniques and the investigation of network dynamics. While highly promising, the application of these new techniques to pharmacological imaging data has not yet been fully explored. In this thesis we apply pattern recognition techniques to functional connectivity measures obtained for pharmacological imaging data to discriminate patterns of whole brain connectivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that consideration of functional connectivity dynamics provides additional insight into the effect of pharmacological interventions. Specifically, we explore the effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, ketamine, on the connectivity within the human brain. We argue that the investigation of connectivity is a more appropriate tool for the investigation of this compound due to the highly distributed pattern of effects, as compared to traditional approaches investigating amplitude effects. We demonstrate the applicability of pattern recognition techniques for the discrimination pharmacological states using measures of regional connectivity over the whole brain, using network interactions and through the inspection of network dynamics. We expand upon traditional approaches in our investigation, introducing a new approach to investigate network effects and temporal dynamics of connectivity organisation.
Author: Jim J. Hagan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642197035
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
The development of more effective treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders requires scientific progress on a broad front. Animal models have a vital role to play in advancing the field. When deployed in conjunction with detailed study of these diseases in man they bring the power to make controlled experimental interventions which allow the functional consequences of genetic variations and polymorphisms to be understood in terms of their cellular, systems and behavioural effects. Further, they provide a means by which complex cognitive and behavioural phenomena may be dissected and understood. Finally, they provide a bridge to understanding the effects of drugs on the functioning of the central nervous system, thereby improving our understanding of the actions of those drugs in man.
Author: Thomas William Arthur Bolton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Mots-clés de l'auteur: human behaviour ; head motion ; dynamic functional connectivity ; inter-subject functional correlation ; co-activation patterns ; sparse coupled hidden Markov models ; graph signal processing.
Author: Rajesh K. Kana
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889192822
Category : Autism
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
The brain's ability to process information crucially relies on connectivity. Understanding how the brain processes complex information and how such abilities are disrupted in individuals with neuropsychological disorders will require an improved understanding of brain connectivity. Autism is an intriguingly complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multidimensional symptoms and cognitive characteristics. A biological origin for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had been proposed even in the earliest published accounts (Kanner, 1943; Asperger, 1944). Despite decades of research, a focal neurobiological marker for autism has been elusive. Nevertheless, disruptions in interregional and functional and anatomical connectivity have been a hallmark of neural functioning in ASD. Theoretical accounts of connectivity perceive ASD as a cognitive and neurobiological disorder associated with altered functioning of integrative circuitry. Neuroimaging studies have reported disruptions in functional connectivity (synchronization of activated brain areas) during cognitive tasks and during task-free resting states. While these insights are valuable, they do not address the time-lagged causality and directionality of such correlations. Despite the general promise of the connectivity account of ASD, inconsistencies and methodological differences among studies call for more thorough investigations. A comprehensive neurological account of ASD should incorporate functional, effective, and anatomical connectivity measures and test the diagnostic utility of such measures. In addition, questions pertaining to how cognitive and behavioral intervention can target connection abnormalities in ASD should be addressed. This research topic of the Frontiers in Human Neuroscience addresses “Brain Connectivity in Autism” primarily from cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging perspectives.
Author: Takao Yamasaki
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832553362
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
This Research Topic aims to highlight the latest experimental techniques and methods used to aid in the classification; diagnosis; visualization; prognosis and treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders using brain imaging methods. Review articles or opinions on methodologies or applications including the advantages and limitations of each are welcome. This Topic includes technologies and up-to-date methods which help advance the science. The contributions to this collection will undergo peer-review. Novelty and the utility of a method or protocol must be evident. We welcome contributions covering all aspects of novel brain imaging methods that aid clinicians in handling neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders as described above. Submissions will be handled by the team of Topic Editors. Frontiers in Neuroscience supports the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principles for scientific data management and stewardship (Wilkinson et al., Sci. Data 3:160018, 2016). This Research Topic welcomes: • Methods: Describing new methods that are significantly improved or adapted for specific purposes. These manuscripts may include primary (original) data. • Protocols: Detailed descriptions, including pitfalls and troubleshooting, to benefit those who may evaluate or employ the techniques. The protocols must be proven to work. • Perspective or General Commentaries on brain imaging methods and protocols relevant for aiding in the handling of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. • Reviews and mini-reviews of topical methods and protocols highlighting the important future directions of the field.
