Durability of Bacillus Thuringiensis Transgenic Corn for Management of the European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) PDF Download
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Author: Patricia Carol Bolin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Author: Patricia Carol Bolin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
Author: Nicholas A. Linacre and Colin J. Thompson
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Author: Terrance M. Hurley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : European corn borer
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : European corn borer
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Author: Brendon James Reardon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Transgenic, insecticidal corn hybrids (Bt corn) are a tactic for managing European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), in North America. To slow development of Bt-com resistance, an Insect Resistance Management plan requires monitoring and nearby refugia. We examined the effect of feeding diet incorporated with Cry1Ab on growth, development, and survival of Nosema-infected and uninfected O. nubilalis. Increasing concentrations of Cry1Ab in diet reduced larval growth and development rates, and this phenomenon was amplified by microsporidiosis. This work demonstrates that it is important to determine whether pathogens are present when monitoring resistance. Pheromone-baited traps are used in O. nubilalis studies. However, differences in captures may be confounded by design, location relative to a windbreak, and changes in local weather. We examined differences in captures among wing traps, bucket/funnel traps, Hartstack wire-mesh cone traps, as well as among three cone trap designs. Second, we examined the influence of cone-trap location relative to windbreaks on numbers of moths captured. Third, we examined the relationship between nightly mean air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and numbers of moths captured in cone traps. Numbers of moths captured was significantly influenced by trap design, with cone traps capturing the most moths. Under strong or moderate wind speeds, traps located leeward of windbreaks captured the most moths, but when wind speeds were light, traps not associated with windbreaks captured the most moths. Changes in numbers of moths captured on a given night were related weakly to weather. Air temperature parameters were consistently most influential in the regression models, and their relationship with moth captures was positive. Determining the appropriate distance between refugia and Bt corn, and development of mitigation-remediation strategies, requires knowledge of adult dispersal and mating behavior. We examined influences of pheromone lure, plant density, and plant species on distributions of feral and newly-emerged, laboratory-reared O. nubilalis among small-grain aggregation plots. The majority of adults did not colonize aggregation plots, suggesting that recently-eclosed adults leave their natal field and do not colonize the first aggregation sites encountered. Mass releases of laboratory-reared pupae in the field may not be a viable resistance-remediation tactic.
Author: Jeffrey J. Swanson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Author: Patricia Carol Bolin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Author: André Luiz B. Crespo
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549603245
Category : European corn borer
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309437385
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 607
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Book Description
Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.
Author: Jessica Ann Goldstein
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549182382
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages :
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Most Lepidoptera disperse as adults, but in some groups the larvae disperse as well. Larval dispersal takes the form of ballooning; larvae use silk to hang off of plant surfaces and some get picked up by the wind. The longer the silk length, the greater the drag and the more likely the larva is to get picked up by the wind and the farther the larva will travel. The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, has been observed ballooning and is currently the target of a large control effort using transgenic Bt corn. I examined the differences between ECB larval dispersal on Pioneer 34K78 Mon 810 event Bt corn and Pioneer 34K77 non-Bt isoline corn. I tested plant abandonment, larval dispersal in artificial plots and ECB silking behavior. My results suggest that ECB larvae that hatch on a Bt corn plant abandon that plant with a higher frequency than ECB larvae that hatch on a non Bt corn plant and that ECB larvae are capable of reaching neighboring corn plants by ballooning. This dispersal behavior may play a significant role in resistance management, particularly in the spacing of non-Bt refuges. These experiments help us to better understand ECB neonate behavior and may apply to other insects under Bt selection pressure.
