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Author: A.G. de Boer
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789057020322
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The availability of various in vitro and in vivo techniques has considerably advanced the research on drug transport and metabolism across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These specialized and sophisticated experimental strategies are of fundamental importance if one is to gain a greater understanding of enhanced and selective drug delivery to the brain. The reader will find in this book methods for in vitro endothelial/astrocyte cell culture models, and for in vivo intracerebral microdialysis to study drug tranport across the BBB. This book, however, is not merely a laboratory manual consisting of recipes for BBB research; it permits the presentation of the different methods in fine detail, revealing tricks and short cuts that frequently do not appear in the literature. The researcher is well aware that differences (subtle or otherwise) in experimental steps used in different laboratories may influence the outcome of any particular procedure. The book also illustrates the accessibility and the application of the different methods in different species. Background information of the protocol is given in every chapter, which also contains a literature list that the reader may wish to refer to for further information. This volume will be invaluable to basic researchers as well as to those involved in the search for agents suitable for pharmaceutic intervention in the central nervous system.
Author: A.G. de Boer
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789057020322
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Get Book Here
Book Description
The availability of various in vitro and in vivo techniques has considerably advanced the research on drug transport and metabolism across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These specialized and sophisticated experimental strategies are of fundamental importance if one is to gain a greater understanding of enhanced and selective drug delivery to the brain. The reader will find in this book methods for in vitro endothelial/astrocyte cell culture models, and for in vivo intracerebral microdialysis to study drug tranport across the BBB. This book, however, is not merely a laboratory manual consisting of recipes for BBB research; it permits the presentation of the different methods in fine detail, revealing tricks and short cuts that frequently do not appear in the literature. The researcher is well aware that differences (subtle or otherwise) in experimental steps used in different laboratories may influence the outcome of any particular procedure. The book also illustrates the accessibility and the application of the different methods in different species. Background information of the protocol is given in every chapter, which also contains a literature list that the reader may wish to refer to for further information. This volume will be invaluable to basic researchers as well as to those involved in the search for agents suitable for pharmaceutic intervention in the central nervous system.
Author: Yasemin Gürsoy Özdemir
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780128037966
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Nanotechnology Methods for Neurological Diseases and Brain Tumors: Drug Delivery across the Blood-Brain Barrier compiles the latest (and future potential) treatment strategies for brain tumors and neurological diseases, in particular Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and stroke, those that bypass the blood/brain barrier. The current understanding of brain drug delivery and access is discussed in Chapter One, with the next section focusing on the implementation of the nose-to-brain intranasal route in brain-targeted drug delivery. In addition, nanotechnology-based brain drug delivery is covered in Chapter Three. This avenue offers impressive improvement in the treatment of neurological diseases and brain tumors by using bio-engineered systems that interact with biological systems at a molecular level. In Chapter Four, emphasis is placed on the need for brain-targeted experimental models that mimic disease conditions. Final chapters discuss the very latest advances in targeted treatment strategies for neurological diseases and brain tumors.
Author: Gert Fricker
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662437872
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169
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Book Description
Medicinal chemistry is both science and art. The science of medicinal chemistry offers mankind one of its best hopes for improving the quality of life. The art of medicinal chemistry continues to challenge its practitioners with the need for both intuition and experience to discover new drugs. Hence sharing the experience of drug research is uniquely beneficial to the field of medicinal chemistry. Drug research requires interdisciplinary team-work at the interface between chemistry, biology and medicine. Therefore, the topic-related series Topics in Medicinal Chemistry covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e.g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level, structure-activity relationships, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicology and pharmacogenomics. In general, special volumes are edited by well known guest editors.
Author: Li Di
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118788354
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 604
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Book Description
Focused on central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery efforts, this book educates drug researchers about the blood-brain barrier (BBB) so they can affect important improvements in one of the most significant – and most challenging – areas of drug discovery. • Written by world experts to provide practical solutions to increase brain penetration or minimize CNS side-effects • Reviews state-of-the-art in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tools to assess brain penetration and advanced CNS drug delivery strategies • Covers BBB physiology, medicinal chemistry design principles, free drug hypothesis for the BBB, and transport mechanisms including passive diffusion, uptake/efflux transporters, and receptor-mediated processes • Highlights the advances in modelling BBB pharmacokinetics and dynamics relationships (PK/PD) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) • Discusses case studies of successful CNS and non-CNS drugs, lessons learned and paths to the market
Author: Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461491053
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
The development of new CNS drugs is notoriously difficult. Drugs must reach CNS target sites for action and these sites are protected by a number of barriers, the most important being the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Many factors are therefore critical to consider for CNS drug delivery, e.g. active/passive transport across the BBB, intra-brain distribution, and central/systemic pharmacokinetics, to name a few. Neurological disease and trauma conditions add further complexity because CNS barriers, drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are dynamic and often changed by disease/trauma. Knowledge of all these factors and their interplay in different conditions is of utmost importance for proper CNS drug development and disease treatment. In recent years much information has become available for a better understanding of the many factors important for CNS drug delivery and how they interact to affect drug action. This book describes small and large drug delivery to the brain with an emphasis on the physiology of the BBB and the principles and concepts for drug delivery across the BBB and distribution within the brain. It contains methods descriptions for studying drug delivery, routes and approaches of administering drugs into the brain, the influence of disease, and drug industry perspectives. Therewith, it contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interplay between brain (patho)-physiology and drug characteristics. Furthermore, the content is designed to be both cutting-edge and educational, so that the book can be used in high-level training of academic and industry scientists with full references to original publications.
Author: David Kobiler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306467080
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
1. Overview of the Structure and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier in vivo; J. Fenstermacher, et al. 2. Expression and Modulation of Blood-Brain Monocarboxylate Transporters; L.R. Drewes, et al. 3. Neuroprotective and Detoxifying Mechanisms at the Blood-Brain Interfaces; J.-F. Ghersi-Egea, et al. 4. Measurement and Prediction of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability: In vivo, in silico and in vitro approaches; N.J. Abbott, et al. 5. Recent Advances in the Development of Cell Culture Models for the Blood-Brain and Blood-CSF-Barrier; T. Nitz, et al. 6. Gene Expression Changes and Progression to a BBB Phenotype in a Dynamic Model of the BBB; S.Y. Desai, et al. 7. Novel Endothelial-Mediated Responses Associated with Micro-Circulation and BBB Function; M. Spatz, et al. 8. Modulators of Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability: In Vitro and In Vivo Drug Transport to the Brain; A.G. de Boer, et al. 9. Controlled Modulation of the Blood-Brain and Blood-Tumor Barrier Using Novel Lipid Mimetic Compounds; M. Polyak, et al. 10. Carbon Dioxide Gas as an Angiographic Contrast Agent in the Cerebral Circulation; A.J. Wilson, M.M. Boxer. 11. Diffusion MRI and Q-Space Diffusion MRI: From Cerebral Ischemia to Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond; Y. Cohen, et al. 12. Brain Iron Uptake and Transport in Animal Model of Iron Deficiency, Tardive Dyskinesia and Neurodegenerative Diseases; M.B.H. Youdin, et al. 13. Stress, Pyridostigmine and the Blood-Brain Barrier; E. Grauer. 14. Transcytosis and Signalling of Pneumococci at the Blood-Brain Barrier; J.R. Weber, E.I. Tuomanen. 15. Entry of Viruses into the Central Nervous System; J.K. Fazakerley. 16. An Animal Model for the Study of BBB Modulators; D. Kobiler, et al. 17. Physiological Pathways Responsible for the Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier During Viral Encephalitis; C.S. Reiss, N. Chen. 18. Gene Transfer to the Salivary Glands: Application in Gene Therapy; E. Shai, et al. 19. The Effect of Hyperosmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis; H. Ovadia, et al. 20. Direct In Vivo Evidence for &agr;4-Integrin Mediated Interaction of Encephalitogenic T Cells with Endothelial VCAM-1 in the Spinal Cord White Matter Using Intravital Fluorescence Videomicroscopy; B. Engelhardt, et al. 21. The Blood-Brain Barrier in Immune Mediated Diseases of the Central Nervous System; S. Miron, A. Achiron. 22. Strategies for Increasing Drug Delivery to the Brain: Lessons Derived from Treatment of Brain Tumors; Tl. Siegal. 23. Intraarterial Therpy With or Without Radiation Therapy for Patients with Brain Tumors; S. Madajewicz, et al. 24. Optimizing Drugs for Brain Action; N.H. Greig, et al. 25. The Role of Plasma Protein Binding in Drug Delivery to Brain; Q.R. Smith, et al. 26. Issues Related to Intranasal Delivery of Neuropeptides to Temporal Lobe Targets; M.J. Kubek, et al. 27. Synthesis of Poly(Carboxyphenoxypropane-Sebacic Anhydride) for the Delivery of Drugs to the Brain; A.J. Domb, M. Kubek. 28. Intranasal Delivery of Bioactive Peptides or Peptide Analogues Enhances Spatial Memory and Protects Against Cholinergic Deficits; I. Gozes, et al. 29. Role of Inflammation in Stroke: Benefits or H
Author: Robert Vink
Publisher: University of Adelaide Press
ISBN: 0987073052
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Author: Lars Edvinsson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780781722599
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
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Book Description
Written and edited by the world's foremost authorities, the Second Edition of this landmark work is a current, comprehensive reference on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. The book covers the entire field in a systematic and coherent way and synthesizes the diverse body of basic science and clinical literature. The reader will gain a complete understanding of the anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological bases of the cerebral circulation, its regulation in health and disease, and the pathophysiological disturbances occurring in cerebrovascular disorders. Coverage includes stimulating discussions of future directions for research and therapeutic intervention.
Author: Albert P. Li
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119170842
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 530
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Book Description
TRANSPORTERS AND DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES IN DRUG TOXICITY Explore up-to-date coverage on the interaction between drug metabolism enzymes, transporters, and drug toxicity with this leading resources Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity delivers a comprehensive and updated review of the relationship between drug metabolism, transporters, and toxicity, providing insights into a major challenge in drug development – accurate assessment of human drug toxicity. Combining two disciplines frequently considered independently of one another, the book combines drug metabolism and toxicology with a focus on the role of biotransformation on drug toxicity and as a major factor for species and individual differences. Mechanism and species differences in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters are discussed, as are the methods used to investigate the role of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in drug toxicity. Finally, the distinguished authors describe promising new experimental approaches to accurately assessing human drug toxicity via the consideration of human-specific drug metabolism in toxicity assays. In addition to topics as diverse as extended clearance models, experimental approaches for the estimation of DILI potential of drug candidates and roles of transporters in renal drug toxicity, readers will also enjoy the inclusion of such subjects as: A thorough overview of and introduction to drug metabolism and transporters and drug toxicity An exploration of drug metabolism enzymes and transporter activities as risk factors of marketed drugs associated with drug-induced fatalities A discussion of human-based in vitro experimental models for the evaluation of metabolism-dependent drug toxicity A treatment of mechanism-based experimental models for the evaluation of BSEP inhibition and DILI An examination of transporters and cochlea toxicity Perfect for scientists, students, and practitioners with interests in metabolism, toxicology, and drug development in the pharmaceutical industry, Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity will also earn a place in the libraries of medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, toxicologists, and regulators in the pharmaceutical and health industries.
Author: William M. Pardridge
Publisher: Raven Press (ID)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Discusses new and established strategies for delivering peptides and antibodies through the blood-brain barrier. It reviews concepts on blood-brain barrier transport biology, assesses the utility and limitations of traditional brain drug delivery methods and describes new drug delivery techniques.
