Division Site Selection and Related Aspects of Bacillus Subtilis Cell Division PDF Download
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Author: Adèle L. Marston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Author: Adèle L. Marston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Author: Jan Löwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331953047X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Author: James Alan Gregory
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109310672
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 205
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Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli regulate division site selection through two overlapping systems that together restrict FtsZ-ring assembly to midcell. The first system is nucleoid occlusion, which is mediated by the nonspecific DNA binding protein Noc and SlmA in B. subtilis and E. coli respectively. Nucleoid occlusion prevents assembly of the Z-ring across the nucleoid. The second system prevents division at the cell poles and is mediated by MinC and MinD (MinCD). In the absence of MinCD, division occurs at the cell poles, resulting in anucleate minicells in both E. coli and B. subtilis. The cellular localization of MinCD in E. coli and B. subtilis is differentially regulated by the unrelated proteins MinE and DivIVA respectively. B. subtilis DivIVA sequesters MinCD to the cell poles, where it interacts with FtsZ to prevent Z-ring assembly. E. coli MinE promotes the pole-to-pole oscillation of MinCD that results in a time averaged concentration of MinCD that is highest at the cell poles. The drastic difference between the localization of MinCD in E. coli and B. subtilis led me to reinvestigate the localization of B. subtilis MinCD using new methods. I constructed a transposon that I call TAGIT (Tn5 Assisted Gene Insertion Technology) to transcriptionally fuse gfp to minCD. TAGIT randomly inserts gfp into a target gene and allows for the rapid identification of in-frame insertions. I utilized TAGIT to construct a library of gfp-minCD insertions, from which I isolated a fully functional MinC-GFP that was subsequently integrated at the native chromosomal locus in B. subtilis in order to maintain wild type regulation of minCD. I then carried out time-lapse epifluorescence microscopy, TIRFM (Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy), and SI (Structured Illumination) microscopy of MinC-GFP and FtsZ-GFP to study their cellular localization in growing cells. I propose a new model of MinC function; MinC prevents FtsZ structures that assemble immediately after cytokinesis at the new cell pole from supporting cell division. The highest concentration of MinC is found at midcell during the last stages of cytokinesis. MinC is then released from the division site thereby placing it in the same region of the cell at the same time that aberrant FtsZ structures assemble. There it disrupts the lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments, which promotes FtsZ to relocalize to the midcell, thus ensuring proper placement of the division site.
Author: Pamela Gamba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Author: Vittorio Lorenzo Katis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Author: Leigh Graham Monahan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Author: Heather Callister
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Author: Elizabeth Jane Harry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Author: Diane Van Alstyne
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Author: Joana Maria Da Silva Santos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacteria
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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