Disparity and Discrimination in Labour Market Outcomes in India PDF Download
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Author: Vani Kant Borooah
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030162648
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
“The author has done a service to this line of study by collating and analysing a novel dataset in a manner that is going to be of use for researchers of the labour market in India, a subject in need of critical enquiry.”– Shanti Chakravarty, Professor of Economics, Bangor University, Wales, UK This book deconstructs the dynamics of the job market in an emerging economy (India) that has vast capital resources, addressing a key concern in relation to inequality in the labour market by social groups. The author examines the changing impact of caste on employment opportunity using two sets of large databases, and extends this analysis into religious affiliation and gender. The findings in this book will be of importance to those working in both research and policy, and makes an important contribution through addressing the decomposition of inequality based on disparity and discrimination.
Author: Vani Kant Borooah
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030162648
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Get Book Here
Book Description
“The author has done a service to this line of study by collating and analysing a novel dataset in a manner that is going to be of use for researchers of the labour market in India, a subject in need of critical enquiry.”– Shanti Chakravarty, Professor of Economics, Bangor University, Wales, UK This book deconstructs the dynamics of the job market in an emerging economy (India) that has vast capital resources, addressing a key concern in relation to inequality in the labour market by social groups. The author examines the changing impact of caste on employment opportunity using two sets of large databases, and extends this analysis into religious affiliation and gender. The findings in this book will be of importance to those working in both research and policy, and makes an important contribution through addressing the decomposition of inequality based on disparity and discrimination.
Author: Purva Khera
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475590784
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 66
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Book Description
This paper examines the macroeconomic interaction between informality and gender inequality in the labor market. A dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is built to study the impact of gender-targeted policies on female labor force participation, female formal employment, gender wage gap, as well as on aggregate economic outcomes. The model is estimated using Bayesian techniques and Indian data. Although these policies are found to increase female labor force participation and output, lack of sufficient formal job creation due to labor market rigidities leads to an increase in unemployment and informality, and further widens gender gaps in formal employment and wages. Simultaneously implementing such policies with formal job creating policies helps remove these adverse impacts while also leading to significantly larger gains in output.
Author: Sukhadeo Thorat
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198872275
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
This study offers insight into the discriminatory workings of the labour market and its unequal outcomes with respect to employment, wages, and occupations, and its impact on the poverty of Scheduled Caste wage workers in India. It develops an understanding of the persistence of caste inequality in employment, wages, and occupations between the Scheduled Caste and the higher castes in the private and public sectors in India. It also identifies the causes of high unemployment and low wages of the Scheduled Caste workers, and their segregation in low-paid occupations. The authors provide convincing empirical evidence ofdiscrimination in wages and its impact on reduced wage incomes and increase in the poverty of the Scheduled Caste wage workers. Estimation of discrimination in employment, unemployment, and occupation, and its impact on income and poverty of the Scheduled Caste is net addition to the existing knowledge on the subject.
Author: Ravi Srivastava
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Labor market
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Purva Khera
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484379403
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Gender gaps in womens’ economic opportunities—labor market and entrepreneurship—have remained high in India. Lack of adequate collateral limits women entrepreneurs’ ability to access formal finance, leaving them to rely on informal sources, constraining their growth. A small-open economy DSGE model is built to investigate the long-run macroeconomic impacts from closing gender gaps in financial access. Results suggest that an increase in women entrepreneurs access to formal credit results in higher female entrepreneurship and employment, which boosts India’s output by 1.6 percent. However, regulations and gender-specific constraints in the labor market limit potential gains as females’ access to quality jobs in the formal sector remains restricted. The paper shows that the factors influencing the number of females are different from those influencing the share of females in formal economic activity. Combining gender-targeted financial inclusion policies with policies that lower constraints on formal sector employment could boost India’s output by 6.8 percent.
Author: Gary S. Becker
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226041042
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
This second edition of Gary S. Becker's The Economics of Discrimination has been expanded to include three further discussions of the problem and an entirely new introduction which considers the contributions made by others in recent years and some of the more important problems remaining. Mr. Becker's work confronts the economic effects of discrimination in the market place because of race, religion, sex, color, social class, personality, or other non-pecuniary considerations. He demonstrates that discrimination in the market place by any group reduces their own real incomes as well as those of the minority. The original edition of The Economics of Discrimination was warmly received by economists, sociologists, and psychologists alike for focusing the discerning eye of economic analysis upon a vital social problem—discrimination in the market place. "This is an unusual book; not only is it filled with ingenious theorizing but the implications of the theory are boldly confronted with facts. . . . The intimate relation of the theory and observation has resulted in a book of great vitality on a subject whose interest and importance are obvious."—M.W. Reder, American Economic Review "The author's solution to the problem of measuring the motive behind actual discrimination is something of a tour de force. . . . Sociologists in the field of race relations will wish to read this book."—Karl Schuessler, American Sociological Review
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513547437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author: Smrutirekha Singhari
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788177912173
Category : Caste-based discrimination
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Author: Francine D. Blau
Publisher: A E I Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Compares trends in wage inequalities in the USA and nine other industrialized countries in the middle to late 1980s. Concludes that wages are more unequal in the USA than they are in other advanced economies.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
