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Author: Rozaliya I. Barabash
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606500007
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Annotation Beginning with a concise review of the physics and chemistry of polymers and their structure and morphology, this book goes on to describe and explain the common methods of characterizing polymers, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, among others. Also covered are the characterization and modification of such surface properties as adhesion, wetting, tribology, and surface thermodynamics.
Author: Rozaliya I. Barabash
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606500007
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
Get Book Here
Book Description
Annotation Beginning with a concise review of the physics and chemistry of polymers and their structure and morphology, this book goes on to describe and explain the common methods of characterizing polymers, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, among others. Also covered are the characterization and modification of such surface properties as adhesion, wetting, tribology, and surface thermodynamics.
Author: Reinhard B. Neder
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199233691
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Understanding the atomic structure of complex and time disordered materials relies upon computer simulations of these structures. This cook book provides a unique mixture of simulation know-how and hands on examples. All related files and the program DISCUS are included on a CDROM with the book.
Author: David E. Laughlin
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444537716
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2963
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Book Description
This fifth edition of the highly regarded family of titles that first published in 1965 is now a three-volume set and over 3,000 pages. All chapters have been revised and expanded, either by the fourth edition authors alone or jointly with new co-authors. Chapters have been added on the physical metallurgy of light alloys, the physical metallurgy of titanium alloys, atom probe field ion microscopy, computational metallurgy, and orientational imaging microscopy. The books incorporate the latest experimental research results and theoretical insights. Several thousand citations to the research and review literature are included. Exhaustively synthesizes the pertinent, contemporary developments within physical metallurgy so scientists have authoritative information at their fingertips Replaces existing articles and monographs with a single, complete solution Enables metallurgists to predict changes and create novel alloys and processes
Author: Mark Stern
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"The nature of the couplings within and between lattice and charge degrees of freedom is central to condensed matter and materials physics. Despite their fundamental role, detailed momentum-dependent information on the strength of electron-phonon and phonon-phonon couplings across all momenta has proved elusive. Ultrafast electron diffuse scattering provides the answer by measuring momentum-dependent phonon population dynamics similar to how time and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy views the momentum-dependent occupation dynamics of electronic states. This method proves particularly effective in the study of 2D materials. A sophisticated analysis applied to ultrafast electron scattering measurements of graphite, follows the cascade of electron-phonon and phonon-phonon couplings after pulsed laser excitation in this well studied benchmark system. In a similar experiment on titanium diselenide, electronphonon coupling is measured by observing the effect of photoexcitation on the renormalized phonon frequencies with the characteristic momentum of titanium diselenide's charge density wave transition. Through its sensitivity to transient phonon occupancies and frequencies, ultrafast electron diffuse scattering is a novel and powerful method to unravel the physics of complex phases and properties determined through interplay between the electron and lattice systems." --
Author: Emil Zolotoyabko
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527681183
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
Authored by a university professor deeply involved in X-ray diffraction-related research, this textbook is based on his lectures given to graduate students for more than 20 years. It adopts a well-balanced approach, describing basic concepts and experimental techniques, which make X-ray diffraction an unsurpassed method for studying the structure of materials. Both dynamical and kinematic X-ray diffraction is considered from a unified viewpoint, in which the dynamical diffraction in single-scattering approximation serves as a bridge between these two parts. The text emphasizes the fundamental laws that govern the interaction of X-rays with matter, but also covers in detail classical and modern applications, e.g., line broadening, texture and strain/stress analyses, X-ray mapping in reciprocal space, high-resolution X-ray diffraction in the spatial and wave vector domains, X-ray focusing, inelastic and time-resolved X-ray scattering. This unique scope, in combination with otherwise hard-to-find information on analytic expressions for simulating X-ray diffraction profiles in thin-film heterostructures, X-ray interaction with phonons, coherent scattering of Mossbauer radiation, and energy-variable X-ray diffraction, makes the book indispensable for any serious user of X-ray diffraction techniques. Compact and self-contained, this textbook is suitable for students taking X-ray diffraction courses towards specialization in materials science, physics, chemistry, or biology. Numerous clear-cut illustrations, an easy-to-read style of writing, as well as rather short, easily digestible chapters all facilitate comprehension.
Author: Matthew J. Krogstad
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438854970
Category : Condensed matter
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Relaxor ferroelectrics are characterized by their dielectric permittivity, and some of these materials display outstanding electromechanical coupling, a property that makes them useful in applications from sonar and ultrasound to precision actuators. However, there is a surprising lack of consensus regarding the local structure of these materials and how it relates to their useful bulk properties. A common feature of many proposed mechanisms is the importance of short-range order differing from the long-range symmetry of the material. Such a difference between short-range and long-range order makes these materials ideal candidates for study via diffuse scattering, a technique sensitive to differences between local and average structure. Using modern techniques that allow a survey of a large volume of reciprocal space comprising dozens of Brillouin zones, diffuse neutron scattering data from across the entire phase diagram of the canonical relaxor ferroelectric system PMN-xPT has been collected, allowing for the identification of relevant diffuse scattering features. Complementary x-ray diffuse scattering measurements confirm the presence of these features, and the difference between scattering lengths of the two techniques provides contrast that shows how the different atoms in the material behave. By characterizing how these features evolve with temperature and composition, they provide a connection between the bulk properties of the system and local atomic displacements and correlations underlying these bulk properties. Four main components of diffuse scattering were found. Ferroic diffuse scattering, centered on the Bragg peak, is found to correlate in intensity to the strength of piezoelectric coupling and not directly to relaxational behavior. This study finds new structure to this component that indicates a significant role for correlated oxygen displacements in determining local polar structures. Broad, temperature-dependent diffuse peaks centered on M points in the Brillouin zone are indicative of antiferroelectric behavior that become a clear proxy for bulk relaxor behavior. Temperature-independent peaks centered on R points indicate chemical short-range order for pure PMN and are suppressed with the addition of titanium, suggesting that chemical order may seed relaxational character but is not responsible for piezoelectricity. Finally, size-effect scattering is identified and separated from other components, indicating highly anisotropic local environments. These findings are extended by studies of the electric field dependence of diffuse scattering from PMN-30PT which confirm the ferroic nature of diffuse scattering close to the Bragg peak and indicate that the local distortions revealed through size-effect diffuse scattering remain locally dominant even at high electric fields. The identification of similar features in diffuse scattering from the related material PZT indicates the applicability of these results to other lead-based perovskites with competing ferroic orders.
Author: Jerry L. Atwood
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482258161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1745
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Book Description
The two-volume Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry offers authoritative, centralized information on a rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field. User-friendly and high-quality articles parse the latest supramolecular advancements and methods in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry, biology, environmental and materials science and engineering, physics, computer science, and applied mathematics. Designed for specialists and students alike, the set covers the fundamentals of supramolecular chemistry and sets the standard for relevant future research.
Author: Willie J. Padilla
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1636392601
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 199
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Book Description
Electromagnetic metamaterials are a family of shaped periodic materials which achieve extraordinary scattering properties that are difficult or impossible to achieve with naturally occurring materials. This book focuses on one such feature of electromagnetic metamaterials—the theory, properties, and applications of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation. We have written this book for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and practitioners, covering the background and tools necessary to engage in the research and practice of metamaterial electromagnetic wave absorbers in various fundamental and applied settings. Given the growing impact of climate change, the call for innovations that can circumvent the use of conventional energy sources will be increasingly important. As we highlight in Chapter 6, the absorption of radiation with electromagnetic metamaterials has been used for energy harvesting and energy generation, and will help to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Other applications ranging from biochemical sensing to imaging are also covered. We hope this book equips interested readers with the tools necessary to successfully engage in applied metamaterials research for clean, sustainable energy. This book consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction and a brief history of electromagnetic wave absorbers; Chapter 2 focuses on several theories of perfect absorbers; Chapter 3 discusses the scattering properties achievable with metamaterial absorbers; Chapter 4 provides significant detail on the fabricational processes; Chapter 5 discusses examples of dynamical absorbers; and Chapter 6 highlights applications of metamaterial absorbers.
Author: Metin Tolan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
The properties of soft-matter thin films (e.g. liquid films, polymer coatings, Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers) nowadays play an important role in materials science.They are also very exciting with respect to fundamental questions: When liquids and polymers form thin films, they may be considered as trapped in a quasi-two-dimensional geometry. This confined geometry is expected to alter the properties and structures of these materials considerably. This volume is dedicated to the scattering of x-rays by soft-matter interfaces. X-ray scattering under grazing angles is the only tool for investigating these materials on atomic and mesoscopic length scales. A review of the field is presented with many examples.
Author: Charles P. Poole Jr.
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080545238
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1658
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Book Description
This volume is a translation and revision of the Original Russian version by Baryahktar. It covers all of the main fields involved in Condensed Matter Physics, such as crystallography, electrical properties, fluids, magnetism, material properties, optics, radiation, semiconductors, and superconductivity, as well as highlights of important related subjects such as quantum mechanics, spectroscopy, and statistical mechanics. Both theoretical and experimental aspects of condensed matter are covered in detail. The entries range from very short paragraphs on topics where definitions are needed, such as Bloch's law, clathrate compound, donor, domain, Kondo lattice, mean free path, and Wigner crystal, to long discussions of more general or more comprehensive topics such as antiferromagnetism, crystal lattice dynamics, dislocations, Fermi surface, Josephson effect, luminescence, magnetic films, phase transitions and semiconductors. The main theoretical approaches to Condensed Matter Physics are explained. There are several long tables on, for example, Bravais lattices, characteristics of magnetic materials, units of physical quantities, symmetry groups. The properties of the main elements of the periodic table are given. Numerous entries not covered by standard Solid State Physics texts o Self-similarity o The adiabatic approximation o Bistability Emphasis on materials not discussed in standard texts o Activated carborn o Austenite o Bainite o Calamitics o Carbine o Delat phase o Discotics o Gunier-Preston zones o Heterodesmic structures o Heusler Alloys o Stress and strain deviators o Vicalloy · Each entry is fully cross-referenced to help tracking down all aspects of a topic under investigation Highly illustrated to clarify many concepts
