Devolution of Power in Pakistan PDF Download
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Author: Syed Mohammad Ali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Syed Mohammad Ali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292615297
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
This publication describes the key issues facing the school education system in Pakistan, highlights the challenges, and suggests some possible directions for reform---with a focus on two provinces: Sindh and Punjab. While average years of schooling in Pakistan have increased along with life expectancy and per capita income, inequality remains high and, by other education measures, the record remains dismal. Illiteracy is widespread and almost 23 million children aged 5–16 are not in school---a worrying statistic for a country whose current workforce is young, mostly unskilled, and poorly prepared for productive employment.
Author: Ketleen Florestal
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821339336
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
In practice, most education systems have both centralized and decentralized elements. Planners involved in a decentralizing reform must identify which components of the system are more appropriately managed at the central level and which at the local level. This book is intended to inform education policymakers, planners, and practitioners about international experience in the legal aspects of decentralizing basic education. It also provides a basic understanding of how laws and regulations can be used for education reform. For purposes of the discussion, decentralization is used to describe efforts to transfer decision making power in basic education from the administrative center of a country to authorities closer to users. The term is also used in a more technical sense to describe one of the many forms this type of reform can take, and in this sense it is contrasted with deconcentration and devolution as educational reforms. The first section examines the general legal aspects of decentralization, and the second looks more closely at decentralization laws and regulations. The third section is, in effect, a checklist of items that should be included in decentralization laws, and the fourth section provides a road map to help the planner prepare and implement the laws required for reform. Although an effort has been made to keep the discussion general enough for use in many countries, the analysis is based on the legal systems of the Western world or those that they inspired. (Contains 35 references.) (SLD)
Author: Jesse Craig Ribot
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
References pp. 115-132.
Author: James Manor
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Nearly all countries worldwide are now experimenting with decentralization. Their motivation are diverse. Many countries are decentralizing because they believe this can help stimulate economic growth or reduce rural poverty, goals central government interventions have failed to achieve. Some countries see it as a way to strengthen civil society and deepen democracy. Some perceive it as a way to off-load expensive responsibilities onto lower level governments. Thus, decentralization is seen as a solution to many different kinds of problems. This report examines the origins and implications decentralization from a political economy perspective, with a focus on its promise and limitations. It explores why countries have often chosen not to decentralize, even when evidence suggests that doing so would be in the interests of the government. It seeks to explain why since the early 1980s many countries have undertaken some form of decentralization. This report also evaluates the evidence to understand where decentralization has considerable promise and where it does not. It identifies conditions needed for decentralization to succeed. It identifies the ways in which decentralization can promote rural development. And it names the goals which decentralization will probably not help achieve.
Author: Great Britain: Scotland Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780101855426
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
The UK Government is undertaking a major cross-government programme of analysis prior to the referendum on Scottish independence in 2014. The aim is to provide a comprehensive and detailed analysis of Scotland's place in the UK. This paper, the first of a series to be published in 2013 and 2014, examines the UK's constitutional set-up and the legal implications of independence. The UK Government is convinced that the current devolution offers the best for Scotland: the Scottish Parliament and Government are empowered to take decisions on a range of domestic policy areas - such as health, education, policing - while Scotland continues to benefit from decisions made for the UK as a whole - defence and security, foreign representation, economic affairs. Independence is very different to devolution. Based on independent expert opinion (published as Annex A), the paper concludes that if there were to be a vote in favour of leaving the UK, Scotland would become an entirely new state whilst the remainder of the UK would continue as before, retaining the rights and obligations of the UK as it currently stands. Any separation would have to be negotiated between both governments. Legal and practical implications of independence, both at home and abroad, are addressed. An independent Scotland would have to apply to and/or negotiate to become a member of whichever international organisations it wished to join, including the EU and NATO. Scotland would also have to work through its positions on thousands of international treaties to which the UK is currently party.
Author: Craig Baxter
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 9780739104989
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
To keep pace with its heavier stake in world affairs, Pakistan has had to significantly reform its foreign and domestic policy. On September 11th, 2001, Pakistan's entire world picture changed irrevocably. Suddenly a strong ally of the United States, Pakistan quickly dismantled the Taliban position within its own borders and aided the United States in attacking the Taliban government in Afghanistan. In Pakistan on the Brink, historian Craig Baxter and a team of specialists explore this U.S.-Pakistani relationship with great dexterity. This collection of essays scrutinizes many aspects of Pakistan's foreign policy, including its evolving relations with the United States, India, and Afghanistan. Essential to understanding Pakistan's foreign relations is a focus on Pakistan's domestic policies. The contributing scholars deftly analyze the following domestic aspects: Pakistan's developing economy, controversial election process, education system, and local government. Pakistan on the Brink is an imperative source for scholars of South Asia, Pakistan, and political science.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Decentralization in government
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pakistan
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Author: Winston H. Yu
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821398741
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
This study, Indus basin of Pakistan: the impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture was undertaken at a pivotal time in the region. The weak summer monsoon in 2009 created drought conditions throughout the country. This followed an already tenuous situation for many rural households faced with high fuel and fertilizer costs and the impacts of rising global food prices. Then catastrophic monsoon flooding in 2010 affected over 20 million people, devastating their housing, infrastructure, and crops. Damages from this single flood event were estimated at US dollar 10 billion, half of which were losses in the agriculture sector. Notwithstanding the debate as to whether these observed extremes are evidence of climate change, an investigation is needed regarding the extent to which the country is resilient to these shocks. It is thus timely, if not critical, to focus on climate risks for water, agriculture, and food security in the Indus basin of Pakistan.
