Decomposition of Organic Matter in Sea Water by Bacteria PDF Download
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Author: Selman Abraham Waksman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Selman Abraham Waksman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Dag Hessen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 366203736X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Humic substances occur in all kinds of aquatic systems, but are particularly important in northern, coniferous areas. They strongly modify the aquatic ecosystems and also constitute a major problem in the drinking water supply. This volume covers all aspects of aquatic humic substances, from their origin and chemical properties, their effects on light and nutrient regimes and biogeochemical cycling, to their role regarding organisms, productivity and food web organization from bacteria to fish. Special emphasis is paid to carbon cycling and food web organization in humic lakes, but aspects of marine carbon cycling related to humus are treated as well.
Author: Johanna Sjöstedt
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889711021
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Author: Jack J. Middelburg
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030108228
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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This open access book discusses biogeochemical processes relevant to carbon and aims to provide readers, graduate students and researchers, with insight into the functioning of marine ecosystems. A carbon centric approach has been adopted, but other elements are included where relevant or needed. The book focuses on concepts and quantitative understanding of primary production, organic matter mineralization and sediment biogeochemistry. The impact of biogeochemical processes on inorganic carbon dynamics and organic matter transformation are also discussed.
Author: Byron Pedler Sherwood
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321235449
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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The ocean contains one of the largest reservoirs of reduced carbon on Earth in the form of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Heterotrophic bacteria serve as the primary force regulating the degradation of this material, recycling the majority of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced in the surface ocean by phytoplankton back to carbon dioxide. While it is known that microbial community structure plays a role in determining the rate and magnitude of DOM turnover, the quantitative contribution of individuals to this process remains unknown. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate the constraints on DOM turnover by bacterial communities by focusing on how a single bacterial strain makes a living in the sea. I found that a single bacterial strain, Alteromonas sp. AltSIO, has the capacity to consume an equivalent magnitude of DOC as diverse bacterial communities, suggesting that bacterial diversity may not be required for the complete removal of labile DOC in the surface ocean. In long-term microcosms, however, bacterial diversity was required for continued degradation of semi-labile DOC. To test the generality of this capacity among individual bacteria, a culture-based study was conducted where >100 phylogenetically diverse bacterial strains were isolated to screen for growth in unamended seawater. No other bacterial strain tested exhibited the capacity to consume a measureable quantity of DOC when grown in isolation, suggesting that this phenomenon may not be common among readily culturable marine bacteria. Physiological investigations of this isolate reveal a broad capacity for processing carbohydrates, yet an apparent preference for disaccharides and inability to metabolize glucose. Genomic analysis confirmed that this strain lacks a glucose-specific permease required for the exogenous uptake of glucose, but is endowed with additional carbohydrate-specific transporters not found in genomes of closely related bacterial strains. Genomic insights also show the potential to reduce nitrate, a high capacity to scavenge iron, and a complete chemotaxis apparatus potentially used for disaccharide acquisition. DOM characterization by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry revealed that AltSIO and diverse seawater communities significantly alter the composition of ambient DOM.
Author: British Ecological Society
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Author:
Publisher:
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Category : Fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 1100
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Author: Ryszard J. Chrost
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146123090X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
Organic matter in aquatic environments consists mostly of large compounds which cannot be taken up and utilized directly by microbial cells. Prior to incorporation, polymeric materials undergo degradation by cell-bound and extracellular enzymes produced by these microbes; in fact, such enzymatic mobilization and transformation is the key process which regulates the turnover of organic as well as inorganic compounds in aquatic environments. This volume brings together studies on enzymatic degradation processes from disciplines as diverse as water and sediment research, bacterial and algal aquatic ecophysiology, eutrophication, and nutrient cycling and biogeochemistry, in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Its scope extends from fundamental research exploring the contribution of microbial enzymatic processes to whole ecosystem functioning to practical applications in water biotechnology. The first comprehensive publication providing an overview of this emerging field of enzymology, Microbial Enzymes in Aquatic Environments will be of great interest to ecologists and microbiologists alike.
Author: Peter J.LeB. Williams
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468490109
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Introduction This book contains papers given at a NATO Advanced Research Institute (A.R.I.) held at Caiscais, Portugal, in November, 1981. The subject of the A.R.I. was marine heterotrophy; this is defined as the process by which the carbon autotrophically fixed into organic compounds by photosynthesis is transformed and respired. Obviously all animals and many microbes are heterotrophs but here we will deal only with the microbes. Also, we restricted the A.R.I. primarily to microbial heterotrophy in the water column even though we recognize that a great deal occurs in sediments. Most of the recent advances have, in fact, been made in the water column because it is easier to work in a fluid, apparently uniform medium. The reason for the A.R.I. was the rapid development of this subject over the past few years. Methods and arguments have flourished so it is now time for a review and for a sorting out. We wish to thank the NATO Marine Science Committee for sharing this view, F. Azam, A.-L. Meyer-Reil, L. Pomeroy, C. Lee, and B. Hargrave for organizational help, and H. Lang and S. Semino for valuable editing aid.
Author: Evgenii A. Romankevich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642499643
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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My work Geochemistry oj organic matter in the ocean first appeared in Russian in 1978. Since then much progress has been made in the exploration of various forms of organic matter in the ocean: dissolved, colloidal, organic matter sus pended in particles and that contained in bottom sediments and in interstitial waters. The appropriate evidence is found in hundreds of articles and several re view works, such as Andersen (1977), Biogeochimie de [a matiere organique a ['interjace eau-sedimentmarine (1980), Duursma and Dawson (1981). A great amount of new information has been obtained in the Soviet Union's scientific institutions on the composition and distribution in natural waters and bottom sediments of organic matter and its separate components playing a crucial role in the formation of the chemical and biological structure of the ocean and its productivity, in the biogeochemistry of the elements and geochemistry of organic matter in the Earth's sedimentary cover. The areas of exploration have expanded over the past four-and-a-half years to embrace many new, little-known regions, including the Arctic seas. In contrast to the three preceeding decades, the research has been focused on investigating the existing forms, the distribution and accumulation of organic matter in near continental oceanic zones between land and sea, and in river estuaries.
