Author: Julia Hangst
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656228612
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University, language: English, abstract: In today’s business society the “increasing importance of global business” (Adler 2008, p. 5) can no longer be ignored. Executives need to be “skilled at working with people from countries other than their own” (Adler 2008, p. 13) because “only those who really understand their foreign colleagues and themselves can achieve success in international business” (Schroll-Machl 2003, p. 9). Geert Hofstede, a Dutch organizational sociologist, conducted a worldwide study on the influence of national cultures on organizational cultures. One of the dimensions he found during his study was uncertainty avoidance. This dimension “deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. [...] It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures.” Moreover they are often guided by the “belief in absolute Truth: there can only be one Truth and we have it. [...] Uncertainty accepting cultures are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible” (Hofstede 1994, p. 4). This paper deals with the influence of this uncertainty avoidance dimension and the accompanying appreciation of rules and regulations on doing business in Germany and Japan.
Cultural Dimensions in Germany and Japan
Author: Julia Hangst
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656228612
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University, language: English, abstract: In today’s business society the “increasing importance of global business” (Adler 2008, p. 5) can no longer be ignored. Executives need to be “skilled at working with people from countries other than their own” (Adler 2008, p. 13) because “only those who really understand their foreign colleagues and themselves can achieve success in international business” (Schroll-Machl 2003, p. 9). Geert Hofstede, a Dutch organizational sociologist, conducted a worldwide study on the influence of national cultures on organizational cultures. One of the dimensions he found during his study was uncertainty avoidance. This dimension “deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. [...] It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures.” Moreover they are often guided by the “belief in absolute Truth: there can only be one Truth and we have it. [...] Uncertainty accepting cultures are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible” (Hofstede 1994, p. 4). This paper deals with the influence of this uncertainty avoidance dimension and the accompanying appreciation of rules and regulations on doing business in Germany and Japan.
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656228612
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University, language: English, abstract: In today’s business society the “increasing importance of global business” (Adler 2008, p. 5) can no longer be ignored. Executives need to be “skilled at working with people from countries other than their own” (Adler 2008, p. 13) because “only those who really understand their foreign colleagues and themselves can achieve success in international business” (Schroll-Machl 2003, p. 9). Geert Hofstede, a Dutch organizational sociologist, conducted a worldwide study on the influence of national cultures on organizational cultures. One of the dimensions he found during his study was uncertainty avoidance. This dimension “deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. [...] It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures.” Moreover they are often guided by the “belief in absolute Truth: there can only be one Truth and we have it. [...] Uncertainty accepting cultures are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible” (Hofstede 1994, p. 4). This paper deals with the influence of this uncertainty avoidance dimension and the accompanying appreciation of rules and regulations on doing business in Germany and Japan.
Cross-Cultural Differences - Japanese and German Management Styles from the German Perspective
Author: Markus Richwien
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832457186
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 139
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: As the idea of Japan as a leader in management styles and the mythos 'collectivism' as a key to high quality performance and productivity is still in mind of German managers, this work tries to compare actual leadership styles of Japanese and German managers on the level of cultural dimensions. In the study the sample consisted of 119 persons in middle management positions (82 male and 37 female), 60 persons with work experience in Japan and 59 without experience. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding 52 leadership characteristics (e.g. the ability to assert oneself, to cooperate or to delegate) within five cultural dimensions. Participants then rated the importance of this characteristic for the specific category. Findings of the study showed significant differences in experienced and estimated management styles between the countries as well as significances regarding management traits of the german culture after working in Japan. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: CHAPTER ONE9 1.1INTRODUCTION9 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM11 1.3RESEARCH QUESTION14 CHAPTER TWO15 2.1INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT15 2.1.1Culture15 2.1.2Cross-cultural Communication22 2.2.2Cross-cultural Management25 2.2.3Significance for Organization29 2.3SUCCESS FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS31 2.4CULTURALLY COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH35 2.4.1Management-oriented Cultural Research36 2.4.2Cultural Dimensions according to Hofstede40 2.4.2.1Dimension of power distance41 2.4.2.2Dimension of collectivism versus individualism43 2.4.2.3Dimension of masculinity versus femininity44 2.4.2.4Dimension of uncertainty avoidance46 2.4.3The Dimension of the Confucian Dynamic47 2.4.4Further Dimensions of Culture51 2.4.4.1Basic dimensions of culture according to Adler52 2.4.4.2Dimensions of culture according to Trompenaars54 2.5THE SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF JAPANESE MANAGERS57 2.5.1Japanese Confucianism58 2.5.2Corporate collectivism: The uchi mentality60 2.5.3Consensus and participation in management63 2.6THE PRESENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GERMANY AND JAPAN63 2.6.1General and political relationships63 2.6.2The Economic Relationships65 2.6.2.1Relationships to the European Union (EU)65 2.6.2.2Foreign Trade between Germany and Japan66 2.6.2.3Special Features67 2.6.3Cultural Contacts69 2.7LEADERSHIP STYLES70 2.7.1Definition and aspects of leadership70 2.7.2Differencies in the leadership [...]
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832457186
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 139
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: As the idea of Japan as a leader in management styles and the mythos 'collectivism' as a key to high quality performance and productivity is still in mind of German managers, this work tries to compare actual leadership styles of Japanese and German managers on the level of cultural dimensions. In the study the sample consisted of 119 persons in middle management positions (82 male and 37 female), 60 persons with work experience in Japan and 59 without experience. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding 52 leadership characteristics (e.g. the ability to assert oneself, to cooperate or to delegate) within five cultural dimensions. Participants then rated the importance of this characteristic for the specific category. Findings of the study showed significant differences in experienced and estimated management styles between the countries as well as significances regarding management traits of the german culture after working in Japan. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: CHAPTER ONE9 1.1INTRODUCTION9 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM11 1.3RESEARCH QUESTION14 CHAPTER TWO15 2.1INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT15 2.1.1Culture15 2.1.2Cross-cultural Communication22 2.2.2Cross-cultural Management25 2.2.3Significance for Organization29 2.3SUCCESS FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS31 2.4CULTURALLY COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH35 2.4.1Management-oriented Cultural Research36 2.4.2Cultural Dimensions according to Hofstede40 2.4.2.1Dimension of power distance41 2.4.2.2Dimension of collectivism versus individualism43 2.4.2.3Dimension of masculinity versus femininity44 2.4.2.4Dimension of uncertainty avoidance46 2.4.3The Dimension of the Confucian Dynamic47 2.4.4Further Dimensions of Culture51 2.4.4.1Basic dimensions of culture according to Adler52 2.4.4.2Dimensions of culture according to Trompenaars54 2.5THE SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF JAPANESE MANAGERS57 2.5.1Japanese Confucianism58 2.5.2Corporate collectivism: The uchi mentality60 2.5.3Consensus and participation in management63 2.6THE PRESENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GERMANY AND JAPAN63 2.6.1General and political relationships63 2.6.2The Economic Relationships65 2.6.2.1Relationships to the European Union (EU)65 2.6.2.2Foreign Trade between Germany and Japan66 2.6.2.3Special Features67 2.6.3Cultural Contacts69 2.7LEADERSHIP STYLES70 2.7.1Definition and aspects of leadership70 2.7.2Differencies in the leadership [...]
The Culture Map
Author: Erin Meyer
Publisher: PublicAffairs
ISBN: 1610392590
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 289
Book Description
An international business expert helps you understand and navigate cultural differences in this insightful and practical guide, perfect for both your work and personal life. Americans precede anything negative with three nice comments; French, Dutch, Israelis, and Germans get straight to the point; Latin Americans and Asians are steeped in hierarchy; Scandinavians think the best boss is just one of the crowd. It's no surprise that when they try and talk to each other, chaos breaks out. In The Culture Map, INSEAD professor Erin Meyer is your guide through this subtle, sometimes treacherous terrain in which people from starkly different backgrounds are expected to work harmoniously together. She provides a field-tested model for decoding how cultural differences impact international business, and combines a smart analytical framework with practical, actionable advice.
Publisher: PublicAffairs
ISBN: 1610392590
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 289
Book Description
An international business expert helps you understand and navigate cultural differences in this insightful and practical guide, perfect for both your work and personal life. Americans precede anything negative with three nice comments; French, Dutch, Israelis, and Germans get straight to the point; Latin Americans and Asians are steeped in hierarchy; Scandinavians think the best boss is just one of the crowd. It's no surprise that when they try and talk to each other, chaos breaks out. In The Culture Map, INSEAD professor Erin Meyer is your guide through this subtle, sometimes treacherous terrain in which people from starkly different backgrounds are expected to work harmoniously together. She provides a field-tested model for decoding how cultural differences impact international business, and combines a smart analytical framework with practical, actionable advice.
Transnational Nazism
Author: Ricky W. Law
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108474632
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 361
Book Description
The first English-language study of German-Japanese interwar relations to employ sources in both languages.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108474632
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 361
Book Description
The first English-language study of German-Japanese interwar relations to employ sources in both languages.
Visibility and Flexibility in Supply Chain Risk Management
Author: Mathias Doetzer
Publisher: Fraunhofer Verlag
ISBN: 9783839616727
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
This book sets out to provide an understanding of flexibility and visibility in supply chain risk management beyond national borders. The first part lays down the basic fundament of disruptive dynamics through the analysis of how pre-disruptive risk phases influence post-disruptive risk phases in interconnected risk sources. The second part of this book built on these findings by analyzing the role of information sharing to enhance the shift between pre- and post-disruptive flexibility capabilities, exemplified by various companies in Japan. The third part has taken a wider approach to provide a contribution beyond national borders, by analyzing the influence of dissimilar cultural behavior on supply chain visibility. The aim of this book is to provide guidance and insights in order to overcome disruptions, to become more resilient, and to bridge the gaps between dissimilar cultures to enhance the positive output in business environments, the global economy, and beyond.
Publisher: Fraunhofer Verlag
ISBN: 9783839616727
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
This book sets out to provide an understanding of flexibility and visibility in supply chain risk management beyond national borders. The first part lays down the basic fundament of disruptive dynamics through the analysis of how pre-disruptive risk phases influence post-disruptive risk phases in interconnected risk sources. The second part of this book built on these findings by analyzing the role of information sharing to enhance the shift between pre- and post-disruptive flexibility capabilities, exemplified by various companies in Japan. The third part has taken a wider approach to provide a contribution beyond national borders, by analyzing the influence of dissimilar cultural behavior on supply chain visibility. The aim of this book is to provide guidance and insights in order to overcome disruptions, to become more resilient, and to bridge the gaps between dissimilar cultures to enhance the positive output in business environments, the global economy, and beyond.
Doctors of Empire
Author: Hoi-eun Kim
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1442660481
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
The history of German medicine has undergone intense scrutiny because of its indelible connection to Nazi crimes. What is less well known is that Meiji Japan adopted German medicine as its official model in 1869. In Doctors of Empire, Hoi-eun Kim recounts the story of the almost 1,200 Japanese medical students who rushed to German universities to learn cutting-edge knowledge from the world leaders in medicine, and of the dozen German physicians who were invited to Japan to transform the country’s medical institutions and education. Shifting fluently between German, English, and Japanese sources, Kim’s book uses the colourful lives of these men to examine the impact of German medicine in Japan from its arrival to the pinnacle of its influence and its abrupt but temporary collapse at the outbreak of the First World War. Transnational history at its finest, Doctors of Empire not only illuminates the German origins of modern medical science in Japan but also reinterprets the nature of German imperialism in East Asia.
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1442660481
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
The history of German medicine has undergone intense scrutiny because of its indelible connection to Nazi crimes. What is less well known is that Meiji Japan adopted German medicine as its official model in 1869. In Doctors of Empire, Hoi-eun Kim recounts the story of the almost 1,200 Japanese medical students who rushed to German universities to learn cutting-edge knowledge from the world leaders in medicine, and of the dozen German physicians who were invited to Japan to transform the country’s medical institutions and education. Shifting fluently between German, English, and Japanese sources, Kim’s book uses the colourful lives of these men to examine the impact of German medicine in Japan from its arrival to the pinnacle of its influence and its abrupt but temporary collapse at the outbreak of the First World War. Transnational history at its finest, Doctors of Empire not only illuminates the German origins of modern medical science in Japan but also reinterprets the nature of German imperialism in East Asia.
Analysis and comparison of German and Japanese culture with special focus on leadership
Author: Andreas Schmidt
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668781400
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 23
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences in business leadership in Germany and Japan, based on widely known and academically respected cultural frameworks. This is particularly important for globally operating firms in order to have the greatest possible success, to motivate the employees, and avoid business failure due to cultural clashes. The intention of chapter 2 is to provide the reader with an understanding of the terms culture and leadership. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on the description and explanation of the cultural theories of Edward T. Hall, Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner, as well as the Globe Study. Chapter 3 focuses on the description of Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. In order to distinguish the German and Japanese culture and its leadership styles, two selected dimensions of his theory will be applied. At the end of this chapter, both cultures are differentiated again, and it is determined which style of leadership suits to which culture. Finally, the term work in chapter 4 comes to a conclusion that refers to the gained knowledge of the previous chapters.
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668781400
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 23
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences in business leadership in Germany and Japan, based on widely known and academically respected cultural frameworks. This is particularly important for globally operating firms in order to have the greatest possible success, to motivate the employees, and avoid business failure due to cultural clashes. The intention of chapter 2 is to provide the reader with an understanding of the terms culture and leadership. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on the description and explanation of the cultural theories of Edward T. Hall, Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner, as well as the Globe Study. Chapter 3 focuses on the description of Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. In order to distinguish the German and Japanese culture and its leadership styles, two selected dimensions of his theory will be applied. At the end of this chapter, both cultures are differentiated again, and it is determined which style of leadership suits to which culture. Finally, the term work in chapter 4 comes to a conclusion that refers to the gained knowledge of the previous chapters.
Cross-Cultural Analysis
Author: Michael Minkov
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412992281
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Book Description
The first comprehensive and statistically significant analysis of the predictive powers of each cross-cultural model, based on nation-level variables from a range of large-scale database sources such as the World Values Survey, the Pew Research Center, the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the UN Statistics Division, UNDP, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, TIMSS, OECD PISA. Tables with scores for all culture-level dimensions in all major cross-cultural analyses (involving 20 countries or more) that have been published so far in academic journals or books. The book will be an invaluable resource to masters and PhD students taking advanced courses in cross-cultural research and analysis in Management, Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, and related programs. It will also be a must-have reference for academics studying cross-cultural dimensions and differences across the social and behavioral sciences.
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412992281
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Book Description
The first comprehensive and statistically significant analysis of the predictive powers of each cross-cultural model, based on nation-level variables from a range of large-scale database sources such as the World Values Survey, the Pew Research Center, the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the UN Statistics Division, UNDP, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, TIMSS, OECD PISA. Tables with scores for all culture-level dimensions in all major cross-cultural analyses (involving 20 countries or more) that have been published so far in academic journals or books. The book will be an invaluable resource to masters and PhD students taking advanced courses in cross-cultural research and analysis in Management, Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, and related programs. It will also be a must-have reference for academics studying cross-cultural dimensions and differences across the social and behavioral sciences.
Working Across Cultures
Author: Martin J. Gannon
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1452221928
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 153
Book Description
You can help students and trainees gain a better understanding of the complexity of culture! The 71 exercises in this book can help you provide students and trainees with the practical experience and knowledge needed to succeed in real-world situations. Drawing from over 15 years of cross-cultural training experience, the author has assembled a diverse number of engaging exercises that can be quickly implemented with minimal effort. Self-administered questionnaires, case studies, culture-focused interviews, and pro and con debates are just a few of the wide range of activities you can use to enrich the classroom. Applications and exercises focus on key issues: Cross-cultural differences Cross-cultural dimensions such as individualism and collectivism, time and space, and power distance Emotional expressiveness Interaction of language and society Cross-cultural negotiating All exercises have been extensively class-tested in the United States and in non-American universities in Europe and Asia.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1452221928
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 153
Book Description
You can help students and trainees gain a better understanding of the complexity of culture! The 71 exercises in this book can help you provide students and trainees with the practical experience and knowledge needed to succeed in real-world situations. Drawing from over 15 years of cross-cultural training experience, the author has assembled a diverse number of engaging exercises that can be quickly implemented with minimal effort. Self-administered questionnaires, case studies, culture-focused interviews, and pro and con debates are just a few of the wide range of activities you can use to enrich the classroom. Applications and exercises focus on key issues: Cross-cultural differences Cross-cultural dimensions such as individualism and collectivism, time and space, and power distance Emotional expressiveness Interaction of language and society Cross-cultural negotiating All exercises have been extensively class-tested in the United States and in non-American universities in Europe and Asia.
Management Across Cultures
Author: Richard M. Steers
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781107314627
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The second edition of this popular textbook explores the latest approaches to cross-cultural management, as well as presenting strategies and tactics for managing international assignments and global teams. With a clear emphasis on learning and development, the text encourages students to acquire skills in multicultural competence that will be highly valued by their future employers. This has never been as important as now, in a world where, increasingly, all managers are global managers and where management practices and processes can differ significantly across national and regional boundaries. This new edition has been updated after extensive market feedback to include new features: a new chapter on working and living abroad; applications boxes showing how theories and key concepts can be applied to solve real-life management problems; student questions to encourage critical thinking; and updated examples and references. Supplementary teaching and learning materials are available on a companion website at www.cambridge.org/steers. In addition, recommended in-depth cases for each chapter are available at www.iveycases.com/CaseMateBrowse.aspx.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781107314627
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The second edition of this popular textbook explores the latest approaches to cross-cultural management, as well as presenting strategies and tactics for managing international assignments and global teams. With a clear emphasis on learning and development, the text encourages students to acquire skills in multicultural competence that will be highly valued by their future employers. This has never been as important as now, in a world where, increasingly, all managers are global managers and where management practices and processes can differ significantly across national and regional boundaries. This new edition has been updated after extensive market feedback to include new features: a new chapter on working and living abroad; applications boxes showing how theories and key concepts can be applied to solve real-life management problems; student questions to encourage critical thinking; and updated examples and references. Supplementary teaching and learning materials are available on a companion website at www.cambridge.org/steers. In addition, recommended in-depth cases for each chapter are available at www.iveycases.com/CaseMateBrowse.aspx.