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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronomical instruments
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronomical instruments
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Author: Ramsey K. Melugin
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Author: Ronald G. Jr. Ross
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306479192
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 799
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Book Description
The last two years have witnessed a continuation in the breakthrough shift toward pulse tube cryocoolers for long-life, high-reliability cryocooler applications. One class of pulse tubes that has reached maturity is referred to as “Stirling type” because they are based on the linear Oxford Stirling-cooler type compressor; these generally provide cooling in the 30 to 100 K temperature range and operate at frequencies from 30 to 60 Hz. The other type of pulse tube cooler making great advances is the so-called “Gifford-McMahon type. ” Pulse tube coolers of this type use a G-M type compressor and lower frequency operation to achieve temperatures in the 2 to 10 K temperature range. Nearly a third of this proceedings covers these new developments in the pulse tube arena. Complementing the work on low-temperature pulse tubes is substantial continued progress on rare earth regenerator materials and Gifford-McMahon coolers. These technologies continue to make great progress in opening up the 2 - 4 K market. Also in the commercial sector, continued interest is being shown in the development of long-life, low-cost cryocoolers for the emerging high temperature superconductor electronics market, particularly the cellular telephone base-station market. At higher temperature levels, closed-cycle J-T or throttle-cycle refrigerators are taking advantage of mixed refrigerant gases to achieve low-cost cryocooler systems in the 65 to 80 K temperature range.
Author: H. Paul Urbach
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819767180
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Don Grundel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540482717
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Because of the clearly important role cooperative systems play in areas such as military sciences, biology, communications, robotics, and economics, just to name a few, the study of cooperative systems has intensified. This book provides an insight in the basic understanding of cooperative systems as well as in theory, modeling, and applications of cooperative control, optimization and related problems.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Space stations
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Large space structures (Astronautics)
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Author: Cor L. Claeys
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
ISBN: 9781566771030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Large space structures (Astronautics)
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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