Crack Initiation in a High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel PDF Download
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Author: BL. Braglia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Block loading
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
The fatigue crack initiation behavior of a high-strength low-alloy steel, VAN-80, has been investigated. Crack initiation was defined, for the purposes of the study, as the existence of a 0.25-mm long crack on either surface of a modified compact tension specimen.
Author: BL. Braglia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Block loading
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
The fatigue crack initiation behavior of a high-strength low-alloy steel, VAN-80, has been investigated. Crack initiation was defined, for the purposes of the study, as the existence of a 0.25-mm long crack on either surface of a modified compact tension specimen.
Author: RE. DeLair
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : ASME section III code
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
This paper describes a study of fatigue crack initiation in WB36, a German low alloy steel, tested in high temperature, high purity, water. Flat un-notched, tensile specimens were cycled under load control, with R=0.1, and with a saw-tooth wave form (with a loading time of 30 seconds and an unloading time of 3 seconds). Crack initiation was followed by periodically stopping the test and replicating the surface. The tests were performed at 177°C, in water containing 8ppm O2. H2SO4 additions were also made in some tests to raise the conductivity of the water from 0.06 ?S/cm to 0.4-0.5?S/cm. The crack initiation and growth data are correlated with the water chemistry of the test.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code specifies fatigue design curves for structural materials. These curves were based on tests of smooth polished specimens at room temperature in air. The effects of reactor coolant environments are not explicitly addressed by the Code design curves, but recent test data illustrate potentially significant effects of LWR coolant environments on the fatigue resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels. Under certain loading and environmental conditions, fatigue lives of test specimens may be a factor of[approx]70 shorter than in air. Results of fatigue tests that examine the influence of reactor environment on crack imitation and crack growth of carbon and low-alloy steels are presented. Crack lengths as a function of fatigue cycles were determined in air by a surface replication technique, and in water by block loading that leaves marks on the fracture surface. Decreases in fatigue life of low-alloy steels in high-dissolved-oxygen (DO) water are primarily caused by the effects of environment during early stages of fatigue damage, i.e., growth of short cracks100[micro]m in depth. For crack sizes of100[micro]m, crack growth rates in high-DO water are higher than in air by one order of magnitude. The effects of LWR environments on growth of short cracks are discussed.
Author: K. R. L. Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
The effect of strength and stress level upon the mode and rate of fatigue crack growth in A1S14340 steel was studied by electron microfractography. It is shown that the mode of crack growth at high-strength levels is by a combination of transgranular striation formation and intergranular prior austenite grain boundary cracking, whereas in the lower-strength material only transgranular fracture occurs. The effect of stress level is found to alter slightly the proportion of the two fracture modes. At high-strength levels, measurement of striation spacing at various crack lengths indicates that the rate of crack growth is a function of the applied stress and crack length. Using this relationship it is shown that as the applied stress decreases, crack initiation becomes increasingly important in determining fatigue life. (Author).
Author: Imao Tamura
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 1483164055
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
Thermomechanical Processing of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels considers some advanced techniques and metallurgical bases for controlled-rolling. This book contains 12 chapters. In Chapter 1, the purpose of thermomechanical processing and historical survey is described, while in Chapter 2, the kinetics of phase transformations and refinement of grain size in steels are elaborated. The techniques and metallurgical bases for controlled-rolling in the recrystallization, non-recrystallization, and (? + y) regions are reviewed in Chapters 3 to 5. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the deformation resistance during hot-rolling and restoration processes. The phase transformations during cooling following hot-rolling are mentioned in Chapter 8, followed by a summarization of the effects of alloying elements in Chapter 9. Chapters 10 and 11 deal with the mechanical properties of controlled-rolled steel and prediction and control of microstructure and properties by thermomechanical processes. The problems faced and possibilities for future developments are stated in the last chapter. This publication is recommended for physicists, metallurgists, and researchers concerned with controlled-rolling, including non-specialists who have some knowledge of metallurgy.
Author: Thomas A. Cruse
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN:
Category : Fracture mechanics
Languages : en
Pages : 796
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Section 111 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code specifies fatigue design curves for structural materials. The effects of reactor coolant environments are not explicitly addressed by the Code design curves. Recent test data illustrate potentially significant effects of light water reactor (LWR) coolant environments on the fatigue resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels. Under certain loading and environmental conditions, fatigue lives of test specimens may be shorter than those in air by a factor of H"0. The crack initiation and crack growth characteristics of carbon and low-alloy steels in LWR environments are presented. Decreases in fatigue life of these steels in high-dissolved-oxygen water are caused primarily by the effect of environment on growth of short cracks
Author: R. P. Gangloff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Author: William Alan Van der Sluys
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 0803124082
Category : Metals
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Author: F. Ebrahimi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridge decks
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Published data on ductile initiation fracture toughness, namely J-integral (Ji) and crack tip opening displacement (?i), of high-strength low-alloy steels with 275 MPa (40 ksi) minimum yield strength have been compiled along with material and testing parameters. Yield strength (?y) has been chosen as the main parameter for evaluating the compiled data. The compiled Ji and ?i data showed a large range of variation at a given strength level. In an attempt to identify the testing parameters that contribute to this variation, the compiled data have been classified into four categories: (1) valid-standard, (2) valid-nonstandard, (3) invalid-standard, and (4) invalid-nonstandard. The critical review of sorted data has revealed that (1) microstructure, (2) testing method, and (3) validity contribute to both the scatter and the behavior of Ji values as a function of yield strength. The differences observed in the behavior of various sets of data are discussed considering the physical process of ductile crack initiation at the crack tip. The correlation between Ji and ?i was investigated using linear regression analysis. The slope of the Ji/?y versus ?i plot was found to be in the range 1.7 to 2.0.
