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Author: Frank Schweitzer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540738452
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
This book lays out a vision for a coherent framework for understanding complex systems. By developing the genuine idea of Brownian agents, the author combines concepts from informatics, such as multiagent systems, with approaches of statistical many-particle physics. It demonstrates that Brownian agent models can be successfully applied in many different contexts, ranging from physicochemical pattern formation to swarming in biological systems.
Author: Jonathan Tammo Siebert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Stephan Bröker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Frank Schweitzer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540738452
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 427
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book lays out a vision for a coherent framework for understanding complex systems. By developing the genuine idea of Brownian agents, the author combines concepts from informatics, such as multiagent systems, with approaches of statistical many-particle physics. It demonstrates that Brownian agent models can be successfully applied in many different contexts, ranging from physicochemical pattern formation to swarming in biological systems.
Author: Federico Toschi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030233707
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
This open access book, published in the Soft and Biological Matter series, presents an introduction to selected research topics in the broad field of flowing matter, including the dynamics of fluids with a complex internal structure -from nematic fluids to soft glasses- as well as active matter and turbulent phenomena. Flowing matter is a subject at the crossroads between physics, mathematics, chemistry, engineering, biology and earth sciences, and relies on a multidisciplinary approach to describe the emergence of the macroscopic behaviours in a system from the coordinated dynamics of its microscopic constituents. Depending on the microscopic interactions, an assembly of molecules or of mesoscopic particles can flow like a simple Newtonian fluid, deform elastically like a solid or behave in a complex manner. When the internal constituents are active, as for biological entities, one generally observes complex large-scale collective motions. Phenomenology is further complicated by the invariable tendency of fluids to display chaos at the large scales or when stirred strongly enough. This volume presents several research topics that address these phenomena encompassing the traditional micro-, meso-, and macro-scales descriptions, and contributes to our understanding of the fundamentals of flowing matter. This book is the legacy of the COST Action MP1305 “Flowing Matter”.
Author: Benjamin Trefz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Frank Schweitzer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540738444
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
This book lays out a vision for a coherent framework for understanding complex systems. By developing the genuine idea of Brownian agents, the author combines concepts from informatics, such as multiagent systems, with approaches of statistical many-particle physics. It demonstrates that Brownian agent models can be successfully applied in many different contexts, ranging from physicochemical pattern formation to swarming in biological systems.
Author: Sidney Yip
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402032862
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2903
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Book Description
The first reference of its kind in the rapidly emerging field of computational approachs to materials research, this is a compendium of perspective-providing and topical articles written to inform students and non-specialists of the current status and capabilities of modelling and simulation. From the standpoint of methodology, the development follows a multiscale approach with emphasis on electronic-structure, atomistic, and mesoscale methods, as well as mathematical analysis and rate processes. Basic models are treated across traditional disciplines, not only in the discussion of methods but also in chapters on crystal defects, microstructure, fluids, polymers and soft matter. Written by authors who are actively participating in the current development, this collection of 150 articles has the breadth and depth to be a major contributor toward defining the field of computational materials. In addition, there are 40 commentaries by highly respected researchers, presenting various views that should interest the future generations of the community. Subject Editors: Martin Bazant, MIT; Bruce Boghosian, Tufts University; Richard Catlow, Royal Institution; Long-Qing Chen, Pennsylvania State University; William Curtin, Brown University; Tomas Diaz de la Rubia, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Nicolas Hadjiconstantinou, MIT; Mark F. Horstemeyer, Mississippi State University; Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University; L. Mahadevan, Harvard University; Dimitrios Maroudas, University of Massachusetts; Nicola Marzari, MIT; Horia Metiu, University of California Santa Barbara; Gregory C. Rutledge, MIT; David J. Srolovitz, Princeton University; Bernhardt L. Trout, MIT; Dieter Wolf, Argonne National Laboratory.
Author: Florian Dittrich
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Non-equilibrium systems cover a tremendously wide range of different systems, in experiments and in simulations as well as in the real world. The fact that these systems are not in thermodynamic equilibrium is in many cases responsible for unique effects and behavior. A fundamental understanding of non-equilibrium systems is crucial to gain insights into such behavior and exploit it in a manifold of use cases. A recent growth in attention to non-equilibrium systems is a consequence. Especially deep insights into the nature of certain non-equilibrium systems can be gained through the study of phase behavior in these very systems. To do so, this thesis utilizes computer simulations of different systems: Discrete and continuous active matter systems on the one hand and skyrmion lattices on the other hand. The active matter systems being discussed in this work consist of active particles. These particles are not only subject to Brownian motion but they are in addition “actively” performing directed motion, which drives the systems out of equilibrium. Active lattice gas models are studied as a discrete realization of such particles with comparably low computational effort. At sufficiently high activity they undergo a motility induced phase separation (MIPS) that closely resembles the gas-liquid transition known from equilibrium. However, a determination of critical points and exponents for different model realizations performed in this work showed some model dependent deviations from 2D Ising universality class. This raises the question, whether the concept of universality holds for active matter and non-equilibrium systems at all. The critical behavior of active Brownian particles (ABPs) around MIPS has already been studied before and showed even stronger deviations. In this work additional focus is put on quenches of ABPs from homogeneous phase right into the phase separated regime and to the critical point. Following the quench, the systems far-from-steady-state dynamics, structure growth and aging can be studied. Results obtained in this work appear to be similar to those observed during phase separation in the 2D Ising model. However, for the active lattice models, there are deviations in the case of quenches inside the coexistence regions. Skyrmion lattices consist of densely packed skyrmions. These topologically stabilized whirls of magnetization can be described as quasiparticles. By modelling them as soft disks similar to ABPs, the underlying interaction potential of experimental skyrmions was determined with the help of computer simulations in this work. Furthermore, different experimental skyrmion lattices were characterized according to their phase state and degree of hexagonal order with the help of a newly developed parameter. Thereby the onset of a hexatic phase was found.
Author: Frank Schweitzer
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814488356
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
Economics and the social sciences are, in fact, the “hard” sciences, as Herbert Simon argued, because the complexity of the problems dealt with cannot simply be reduced to analytically solvable models or decomposed into separate subprocesses. Nevertheless, in recent years, the emerging interdisciplinary “sciences of complexity” have provided new methods and tools for tackling these problems, ranging from complex data analysis to sophisticated computer simulations. In particular, advanced methods developed in the natural sciences have recently also been applied to social and economic problems.The twenty-one chapters of this book reflect this modern development from various modeling perspectives (such as agent-based models, evolutionary game theory, reinforcement learning and neural network techniques, time series analysis, non-equilibrium macroscopic dynamics) and for a broad range of socio-economic applications (market dynamics, technological evolution, spatial dynamics and economic growth, decision processes, and agent societies). They jointly demonstrate a shift of perspective in economics and the social sciences that is allowing a new outlook in this field to emerge.
Author: Christina Kurzthaler
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1839169478
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
The term active fluids refers to motions that are created by transforming energy from the surroundings into directed motion. There are many examples, both natural and synthetic, including individual swimming bacteria or motile cells, drops and bubbles that move owing to surface stresses (so-called Marangoni motions), and chemical- or optical-driven colloids. Investigations into active fluids provide new insights into non-equilibrium systems, have the potential for novel applications, and open new directions in physics, chemistry, biology and engineering. This book provides an expert introduction to active fluids systems, covering simple to complex environments. It explains the interplay of chemical processes and hydrodynamics, including the roles of mechanical and rheological properties across active fluids, with reference to experiments, theory, and simulations. These concepts are discussed for a variety of scenarios, such as the trajectories of microswimmers, cell crawling and fluid stirring, and apply to collective behaviours of dense suspensions and active gels. Emerging avenues of research are highlighted, ranging from the role of active processes for biological functions to programmable active materials, showcasing the exciting potential of this rapidly-evolving research field.
