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Author: Edoardo Baldini
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319774980
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.
Author: Edoardo Baldini
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319774980
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 360
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.
Author: Richard T. Williams
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
ISBN: 9781566772198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 594
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Book Description
Author: L. V. Keldysh
Publisher: International Monographs on Ph
ISBN: 0199238871
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
The book provides a review of some of the most important and 'hot' topics in condensed matter physics today. It includes contributions by internationally leading experts such as V M Agranovich, B L Altshuler, E Burstein, V L Ginzburg, K Von Klitzing, P B Littlewood, M Pepper etc, and can serve as a guide-book to modern condensed matter physics.
Author: Kikuo Cho
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789812811387
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
At Yamada Conference LIII, papers on many novel materials and on novel phenomena in condensed matter physics were presented OCo for instance, the achievement of simultaneous creation of excitons and free-electron-hole pairs in rare gas solids, and a low frequency fluctuation of the spectral shift of indirect excitons in GaAs coupled quantum wells. Single molecule spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying molecules including biological systems; the study of delocalization of excitons in the photosynthetic light harvesting antenna system was also reported. The proceedings thus contain many excellent papers dealing with current research topics on the excitonic processes in bulk, quantum wells, quantum dots and other confined systems. This book will serve as an excellent source of recent references and reviews for a wide range of researchers in physics, chemistry, engineering and biological sciences. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). Contents: Dynamical Process of Photoionization in Semiconductor Nanocrystals (M Y Shen et al.); Excitons on a 1D Periodic Conjugated Polymer Chain: Two Electronic Structures of Polydiacetylene Chains (C Lapersonne-Meyer); Anomalous Spectral Shifts of Indirect Excitons in Coupled GaAs Quantum Wells (D W Snoke et al.); Infrared Absorption by Excitons in Cuprous Oxide (M GAppert et al.); Theory of Excitation-Energy Transfer Processes Involving Optically Forbidden Exciton States in Antenna Systems of Photosynthesis (K Mukai et al.); Transient Grating Induced by Excitonic Polaritons in Thin Film Semiconductors (K Akiyama et al.); Excitonic Photoluminescence of Pentacene Single Crystal (T Aoki-Matsumoto et al.); Scanning Near-Field Optical Microspectroscopy of Single Perylene Microcrystals (J Niitsuma et al.); and other papers. Readership: Condensed matter physicists, materials scientists, chemists and biologists."
Author: Daniele Sanvitto
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642241867
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
In the past decade, there has been a burst of new and fascinating physics associated to the unique properties of two-dimensional exciton polaritons, their recent demonstration of condensation under non-equilibrium conditions and all the related quantum phenomena, which have stimulated extensive research work. This monograph summarizes the current state of the art of research on exciton polaritons in microcavities: their interactions, fast dynamics, spin-dependent phenomena, temporal and spatial coherence, condensation under non-equilibrium conditions, related collective quantum phenomena and most advanced applications. The monograph is written by the most active authors who have strongly contributed to the advances in this area. It is of great interests to both physicists approaching this subject for the first time, as well as a wide audience of experts in other disciplines who want to be updated on this fast moving field.
Author: Kikuo Cho
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814491306
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
At Yamada Conference LIII, papers on many novel materials and on novel phenomena in condensed matter physics were presented — for instance, the achievement of simultaneous creation of excitons and free-electron-hole pairs in rare gas solids, and a low frequency fluctuation of the spectral shift of indirect excitons in GaAs coupled quantum wells. Single molecule spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying molecules including biological systems; the study of delocalization of excitons in the photosynthetic light harvesting antenna system was also reported. The proceedings thus contain many excellent papers dealing with current research topics on the excitonic processes in bulk, quantum wells, quantum dots and other confined systems. This book will serve as an excellent source of recent references and reviews for a wide range of researchers in physics, chemistry, engineering and biological sciences.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)
Author: Leong Chuan Kwek
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814460354
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
The physics of strong light-matter coupling has been addressed in different scientific communities over the last three decades. Since the early eighties, atoms coupled to optical and microwave cavities have led to pioneering demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics, Gedanken experiments, and building blocks for quantum information processing, for which the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2012. In the framework of semiconducting devices, strong coupling has allowed investigations into the physics of Bose gases in solid-state environments, and the latter holds promise for exploiting light-matter interaction at the single-photon level in scalable architectures. More recently, impressive developments in the so-called superconducting circuit QED have opened another fundamental playground to revisit cavity quantum electrodynamics for practical and fundamental purposes. This book aims at developing the necessary interface between these communities, by providing future researchers with a robust conceptual, theoretical and experimental basis on strong light-matter coupling, both in the classical and in the quantum regimes. In addition, the emphasis is on new forefront research topics currently developed around the physics of strong light-matter interaction in the atomic and solid-state scenarios.
Author: Janusz Jedrzejewski
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814704105
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
This volume comprises 8 articles written by lecturers of 50th Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics and their collaborators. The contributing lecturers are outstanding researchers, and experts in various fields of physics, in particular in condensed matter, quantum phase transitions and quantum critical phenomena. The articles reflect the contents of the lectures given for school participants and cover various aspects of quantum phase transitions and quantum critical phenomena, from experimental to mathematical ones. For those wishing to get acquainted with the subject, extensive lists of references are provided in the articles.
Author: Bernard Gil
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191503959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 661
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Book Description
This book is dedicated to GaN and its alloys AlGaInN (III-V nitrides), semiconductors with intrinsic properties well suited for visible and UV light emission and electronic devices working at high temperature, high frequency, and harsh environments. There has been a rapid growth in the industrial activity relating to GaN, with GaN now ranking at the second position (after Si) among all semiconductors. This is mainly thanks to LEDs, but also to the emergence of lasers and high power and high frequency electronics. GaN-related research activities are also diversifying, ranging from advanced optical sources and single electron devices to physical, chemical, and biological sensors, optical detectors, and energy converters. All recent developments of nitrides and of their technology are gathered here in a single volume, with chapters written by world leaders in the field. This third book of the series edited by B. Gil is complementary to the preceding two, and is expected to offer a modern vision of nitrides and of their devices to a large audience of readers.
Author: Karl-Heinz Bennemann
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191650196
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641
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Book Description
This book reports on the latest developments in the field of Superfluidity. The phenomenon has had a tremendous impact on the fundamental sciences as well as a host of technologies. It began with the discovery of superconductivity in mercury in 1911, which was ultimately described theoretically by the theory of Bardeen Cooper and Schriever (BCS) in 1957. The analogous phenomena, superfluidity, was discovered in helium in 1938 and tentatively explained shortly thereafter as arising from a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) by London. But the importance of superfluidity, and the range of systems in which it occurs, has grown enormously. In addition to metals and the helium liquids the phenomena has now been observed for photons in cavities, excitons in semiconductors, magnons in certain materials, and cold gasses trapped in high vacuum. It very likely exist for neutrons in a neutron star and, possibly, in a conjectured quark state at their center. Even the Universe itself can be regarded as being in a kind of superfluid state. All these topics are discussed by experts in the respective subfields.
