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Author: Philip J. Smith
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1317164768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
This volume provides an exceptional perspective on the nature, evolution, contributions and future of the field of Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE). It is a resource to support both the teaching and practice of CSE. It accomplishes this through its organization into two complementary approaches to the topic. The first is an historical perspective: In the retrospections of leaders of the field, what have been the seminal achievements of cognitive human factors? What are the "lessons learned" that became foundational to CSE, and how did that foundation evolve into a broader systems view of cognitive work? The second perspective is both pedagogical and future-looking: What are the major conceptual issues that have to be addressed by CSE and how can a new generation of researchers be prepared to further advance CSE? Topics include studies of expertise, cognitive work analysis, cognitive task analysis, human performance, system design, cognitive modeling, decision making, human-computer interaction, trust in automation, teamwork and ecological interface design. A thematic focus will be on systems-level analysis, and such notions as resilience engineering and systems-level measurement. The book features broad coverage of many of the domains to which CSE is being applied, among them industrial process control, health care, decision aiding and aviation human factors. The book’s contributions are provided by an extraordinary group of leaders and pathfinders in applied psychology, cognitive science, systems analysis and system design. In combination these chapters present invaluable insights, experiences and continuing uncertainties on the subject of the field of CSE, and in doing so honor the career and achievements of Professor David D. Woods of Ohio State University.
Author: Philip J. Smith
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1317164768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 568
Get Book
Book Description
This volume provides an exceptional perspective on the nature, evolution, contributions and future of the field of Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE). It is a resource to support both the teaching and practice of CSE. It accomplishes this through its organization into two complementary approaches to the topic. The first is an historical perspective: In the retrospections of leaders of the field, what have been the seminal achievements of cognitive human factors? What are the "lessons learned" that became foundational to CSE, and how did that foundation evolve into a broader systems view of cognitive work? The second perspective is both pedagogical and future-looking: What are the major conceptual issues that have to be addressed by CSE and how can a new generation of researchers be prepared to further advance CSE? Topics include studies of expertise, cognitive work analysis, cognitive task analysis, human performance, system design, cognitive modeling, decision making, human-computer interaction, trust in automation, teamwork and ecological interface design. A thematic focus will be on systems-level analysis, and such notions as resilience engineering and systems-level measurement. The book features broad coverage of many of the domains to which CSE is being applied, among them industrial process control, health care, decision aiding and aviation human factors. The book’s contributions are provided by an extraordinary group of leaders and pathfinders in applied psychology, cognitive science, systems analysis and system design. In combination these chapters present invaluable insights, experiences and continuing uncertainties on the subject of the field of CSE, and in doing so honor the career and achievements of Professor David D. Woods of Ohio State University.
Author: Jens Rasmussen
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Powerful information technologies and the complex support systems they engender are evolving faster than people’s ability to adjust to them. In the workplace, this leads to troublesome task performance, added stress on users, increased organizational inefficiency, and, in some cases, a heightened risk of wide-scale .disaster. In the marketplace, it makes for consumer dissatisfaction. Clearly, traditional human-computer interaction (HCI) and system design (SD) solutions to this dilemma have proven woefully inadequate. What is needed is a fresh multidisciplinary approach offering a broader, more dynamic framework for assessing needs and designing usable, efficient systems. Taking modeling concepts from engineering, psychology, cognitive science, information science, and computer science, cognitive systems engineering (CSE) provides such a framework. This book is the first comprehensive guide to the emerging new field of CSE. Providing equal parts theory and practice, it is based on the authors’ many years of experience with work systems in a wide range of work domains, including process control, manufacturing, hospitals, and libraries. Throughout, the emphasis is on powerful analytical techniques that enhance the systems designer’s ability to see the "big picture," and to design for all crucial aspects of human-work interaction. Applicable to highly structured technical systems such as process plants, as well as less structured user-driven systems like libraries, these analytical techniques form the basis for the evaluation and design guidelines that make up the bulk of this book. And since the proof is in the pudding, the authors provide a chapter-length case history in which they demonstrate the success of their approach when applied to a full-scale software design project. The project, a retrieval system for public libraries, is described in detail, from field studies to concept validation experiments, and, of course, the empirical evaluation of the system while in use by the library users and personnel. Computer-based information systems are rapidly becoming a fundamental part of the human landscape. How that landscape evolves over the next decade or so, whether it becomes a hostile one or one that generously supports the needs of future generations, is in the hands of all those involved with the study and design of information systems.
Author: Erik Hollnagel
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420038192
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Nothing has been more prolific over the past century than human/machine interaction. Automobiles, telephones, computers, manufacturing machines, robots, office equipment, machines large and small; all affect the very essence of our daily lives. However, this interaction has not always been efficient or easy and has at times turned fairly hazardous.
Author: David D. Woods
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420005685
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
Our fascination with new technologies is based on the assumption that more powerful automation will overcome human limitations and make our systems 'faster, better, cheaper,' resulting in simple, easy tasks for people. But how does new technology and more powerful automation change our work? Research in Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) l
Author: John D. Lee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199757186
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 659
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Book Description
This handbook is the first to provide comprehensive coverage of original state-of-the-science research, analysis, and design of integrated, human-technology systems.
Author: Nadine B. Sarter
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1410605388
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Although cognitive engineering has gained widespread acceptance as one of the most promising approaches to addressing and preventing difficulties with human-machine coordination and collaboration, it still meets with considerable skepticism and resistance in some of the industries that could benefit from its insights and recommendations. The challe
Author: Stephen J. Andriole
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780367449087
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
This volume seeks to answer the question: "Can findings from cognitive science enhance the user-computer interaction process?" In so doing, it recognizes that user-computer interfaces (UCIs) are often essential parts of an information or decision support system -- and often critical components of software-intensive systems of all kinds. From the outset, the authors note that the design, prototyping, and evaluation of user-computer interfaces are part of larger systems and are therefore ideally designed, developed, and evaluated as part of a larger design and developmental process or "life cycle." Thus, this book describes the process by which functional, nonfunctional, or display-oriented requirements are converted first into prototypes and then into working systems. While the process may at times seem almost mysterious, there is in fact a methodology that drives the process -- a methodology that is defined in terms of an adaptive life cycle. There are a number of steps or phases that comprise the standard life cycle, as well as methods, tools and techniques that permit each step to be taken. Describing the effort to implement this process to enhance user-computer interaction, this book presents a methodological approach that seeks to identify and apply findings from cognitive science to the design, prototyping, and evaluation of user-computer interfaces.
Author: Kolla Bhanu Prakash
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119711282
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
The cognitive approach to the IoT provides connectivity to everyone and everything since IoT connected devices are known to increase rapidly. When the IoT is integrated with cognitive technology, performance is improved, and smart intelligence is obtained. Discussed in this book are different types of datasets with structured content based on cognitive systems. The IoT gathers the information from the real time datasets through the internet, where the IoT network connects with multiple devices. This book mainly concentrates on providing the best solutions to existing real-time issues in the cognitive domain. Healthcare-based, cloud-based and smart transportation-based applications in the cognitive domain are addressed. The data integrity and security aspects of the cognitive computing main are also thoroughly discussed along with validated results.
Author: Duane W. Hybertson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420072525
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 379
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Book Description
Systems engineering (SE) is experiencing a significant expansion that encompasses increasingly complex systems. However, a common body of knowledge on how to apply complex systems engineering (CSE) has yet to be developed. A combination of people and other autonomous agents, crossing organization boundaries and continually changing, these hybrid systems are less predictable while being more self-organizing and adaptive than traditional systems. The growing pains of this evolution and the ever-widening reach of SE technology require an effective foundation for integrating traditional and complex engineering methods, addressing machine and human interaction, as well as scaling up and down, from nano scale to the macro system-of-systems level. Model-oriented Systems Engineering Science: A Unifying Framework for Traditional and Complex Systems addresses solutions to that expansion and integration problem. This text takes advantage of better-understood systems science (SS) to support the transition, identifying and using commonalities between complex systems and other sciences, such as biology, sociology, cognitive science, organizational theory, and computational science. The author defines Model-oriented Systems Engineering Science (MOSES), an organized system that selects appropriate information from these disciplines and unifies it into a coherent framework. The result is a seamless approach to the class of systems across the extended scope of the new SE—a foundation upon which to develop an enhanced and unified SE. Modeling orientation (MO) provides a common perspective on the entire SES/SE enterprise, including all supporting sciences, engineering for the full range of traditional, complex, and hybrid systems, and their management. This book extends existing modeling approaches into an MO that views all science artifacts and engineering artifacts as models of systems. It organizes them into a virtual structured repository called the "SE model space"—effectively a container for the accumulating body of SE and SES knowledge in the form of models and patterns. By organizing and integrating all these elements into a common framework, the author makes the material not only easily accessible but also immediately applicable, and provides a well-grounded basis for future growth and evolution of the SE discipline.
Author: Nancy J. Cooke
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781410618481
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
A woman is operated on while she's awake... A plane runs out of gas while circling an airport for 30 minutes... A passenger liner is mistaken for an enemy fighter and shot down... A company invests in a new system that will cost them money... What do these failure have in common? How can we prevent them from happening again? Offering a critical perspective on problems with human-technical systems, Stories of Modern Technology Failures and Cognitive Engineering Successes explores the significant efforts of those who have made a positive difference. The book analyzes a variety of cognitive engineering applications, including training, design, military, transportation, communications, medicine, and emergency response in the nuclear industry. Real world examples include— Designing a military training program that improved the detection rates of land mines Redesigning a monitor to help anesthesiologists predict dosages more effectively Implementing new protocols to improve the workflow and safety of a nuclear power plant The book’s focus on cognitive engineering solutions emphasizes methodology such as knowledge elicitation, laboratory studies, naturalistic observation, usability, and modeling. It addresses highly complex systems as well as traditional human-machine interfaces. This book demonstrates how cognitive engineers— Identify and address cognitive problems Develop, test, and implement solutions Consider social, cultural, political, and economic factors Develop criteria to measure the success of a solution
