China’s Direct Investment in Indonesia (1990–2022) PDF Download
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Author: Kai Liu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819773288
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Author: Kai Liu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819773288
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: The Princeton Review
Publisher: Princeton Review
ISBN: 0525571000
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
PREMIUM PREP FOR A PERFECT 5, WITH THE MOST PRACTICE ON THE MARKET! Ace the 2022 AP Human Geography Exam with this Premium version of The Princeton Review's comprehensive study guide—including 6 full-length practice tests (more than any major competitor) with complete explanations, thorough content reviews, targeted strategies for every question type, and access to online extras. Techniques That Actually Work. • Tried-and-true strategies to help you avoid traps and beat the test • Tips for pacing yourself and guessing logically • Essential tactics to help you work smarter, not harder Everything You Need to Know to Help Achieve a High Score. • Fully aligned with the latest College Board standards for AP Human Geography • Detailed coverage of all test topics, including population and migration, cultural studies, political geography, urban geography, agriculture, and more • Useful lists of key terms in every content review chapter • Access to study plans, helpful pre-college information, and more via your online Student Tools Premium Practice for AP Excellence • 6 full-length practice tests (3 in the book, 3 online) with detailed answer explanations • Practice drills at the end of every content review chapter to test your understanding • Helpful maps and detailed charts illustrating trends, theories, and models
Author: Congressional Research Service
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781976466953
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.
Author: The Princeton Review
Publisher: Princeton Review
ISBN: 0525571019
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
Make sure you’re studying with the most up-to-date prep materials! Look for the newest edition of this title, The Princeton Review AP Human Geography Prep, 2023 (ISBN: 9780593450826, on-sale August 2022). Publisher's Note: Products purchased from third-party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality or authenticity, and may not include access to online tests or materials included with the original product.
Author: Philippe Gugler
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1035308681
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Presenting essential research on contemporary foreign direct investment policies, this Handbook identifies the wide variety of global policy challenges linked to modern technological, geostrategic and entrepreneurial developments, from electoral uncertainties to rapid digitalization.
Author: Tom Lansford
Publisher: CQ Press
ISBN: 1071853066
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 7442
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Book Description
The Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 provides timely, thorough, and accurate political information, with more in-depth coverage of current political controversies than any other reference guide. The updated 2022-2023 edition continues to be the most authoritative source for finding complete facts and analysis on each country′s governmental and political makeup. Tom Lansford has compiled in one place more than 200 entries on countries and territories throughout the world, this volume is renowned for its extensive coverage of all major and minor political parties and groups in each political system. It also provides names of key ambassadors and international memberships of each country, plus detailed profiles of more than 30 intergovernmental organizations and UN agencies. And this update will aim to include coverage of current events, issues, crises, and controversies from the course of the last two years.
Author: Maria Borga
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
This paper presents estimates of the carbon emissions of FDI from capital formation funded by FDI and the production of foreign-controlled firms. The carbon intensity of capital formation financed by FDI has trended down, driven by reductions in the carbon intensity of electricity generation. Carbon emissions from the operations of foreign-controlled firms are greater than those from their capital formation. High emission intensities were accompanied by high export intensities in mining, transport, and manufacturing. Home country policies to incentivize firms to meet strict emissions standards in both their domestic and foreign operations could be important to reducing emissions globally.
Author: Zannie Langford
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1003823459
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This book explores the rapidly changing seaweed industry in Indonesia, the largest global producer of carrageenan-bearing seaweeds. Seaweed production in Indonesia has grown exponentially over the last twenty years, and rural communities across the country have embraced this new livelihood activity. This book begins with an examination of the global carrageenan seaweed industry, from the global market for carrageenan in processed foods, to the national and regional contexts in Indonesia across which it is farmed, processed, and traded. It then explores the ways that rural communities have reshaped their lives around seaweed production, with chapters on agrarian transformations, negotiations over access to sea space, farmer decision-making in presence of environmental, social and economic constraints, the role of women and casual labourers in the industry, and the marketing of seaweed through social networks. Based on a multi-disciplinary research initiative, this book demonstrates the interrelatedness of environmental, social and economic dynamics on seaweed production, processing and trade, and argues for key policy interventions to support the sustainable development of the industry in the context of climate change. It also provides a lens for understanding and improving the broader processes of sustainable rural development in a rapidly globalising and commercialising world. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of aquaculture, food systems, agricultural economics, rural studies and sustainable development.
Author: The Princeton Review
Publisher: Princeton Review
ISBN: 0593450825
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
Make sure you’re studying with the most up-to-date prep materials! Look for the newest edition of this title, The Princeton Review AP Human Geography Prep, 15th Edition (ISBN: 9780593517215, on-sale August 2023). Publisher's Note: Products purchased from third-party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality or authenticity, and may not include access to online tests or materials included with the original product.
Author: Bhuiyan, Miraj Ahmed
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799880230
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 323
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Book Description
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is establishing significant connectivity networks, including a complex network of aviation e-services and trade network systems. It has promoted economic and financial development in regions covered by the BRI in terms of infrastructure construction and interconnection and attracted large foreign direct investment flows. At the bottom of the escalation of the China-US trade dispute is a more fundamental shift where China has become the US’s strategic competitor, and political-economic tensions have continued to climb. Opportunities and Challenges for Multinational Enterprises and Foreign Direct Investment in the Belt and Road Initiative analyzes the opportunities and challenges of multinational enterprises (MNEs) and cross-border foreign investments transactions. This valuable reference adopts an economic and international business perspective to address these issues and presents novel and state-of-the-art research insights into the role of MNEs and their influence on the Silk Road Economic Belt. Covering topics such as economic determinants, foreign direct investment promotion policies, and trade gravity model, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for business leaders and CEOs, policymakers, geopolitical experts, politicians, government officials, sociologists, libraries, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.
