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Author: Ihsan Al-Aasm
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036500782
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Diagenesis of carbonates and clastic sediments encompasses the biochemical, mechanical, and chemical changes that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. These parameters which, to a large extent, control diagenesis in carbonates and clastic sediments include primary composition of the sediments, depositional facies, pore water chemistry, burial–thermal and tectonic evolution of the basin, and paleo-climatic conditions. Diagenetic processes involve widespread chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic modifications affected by the original mineralogy of carbonate and clastic sediments. These diagenetic alterations will impose a major control on porosity and permeability and hence on hydrocarbon reservoirs, water aquifers, and the presence of other important economic minerals. In this Special Issue, we have submissions focusing on understanding the interplay between the mineralogical and chemical changes in carbonates and clastic sediments and the diagenetic processes, fluid flow, tectonics, and mineral reactions at variable scales and environments from a verity of sedimentary basins. Quantitative analyses of diagenetic reactions in these sediments using a variety of techniques are essential for understanding the pathways of these reactions in different diagenetic environments.
Author: Ihsan Al-Aasm
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036500782
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Get Book Here
Book Description
Diagenesis of carbonates and clastic sediments encompasses the biochemical, mechanical, and chemical changes that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. These parameters which, to a large extent, control diagenesis in carbonates and clastic sediments include primary composition of the sediments, depositional facies, pore water chemistry, burial–thermal and tectonic evolution of the basin, and paleo-climatic conditions. Diagenetic processes involve widespread chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic modifications affected by the original mineralogy of carbonate and clastic sediments. These diagenetic alterations will impose a major control on porosity and permeability and hence on hydrocarbon reservoirs, water aquifers, and the presence of other important economic minerals. In this Special Issue, we have submissions focusing on understanding the interplay between the mineralogical and chemical changes in carbonates and clastic sediments and the diagenetic processes, fluid flow, tectonics, and mineral reactions at variable scales and environments from a verity of sedimentary basins. Quantitative analyses of diagenetic reactions in these sediments using a variety of techniques are essential for understanding the pathways of these reactions in different diagenetic environments.
Author: Ihsan Al-Aasm
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783036500799
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Diagenesis of carbonates and clastic sediments encompasses the biochemical, mechanical, and chemical changes that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. These parameters which, to a large extent, control diagenesis in carbonates and clastic sediments include primary composition of the sediments, depositional facies, pore water chemistry, burial-thermal and tectonic evolution of the basin, and paleo-climatic conditions. Diagenetic processes involve widespread chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic modifications affected by the original mineralogy of carbonate and clastic sediments. These diagenetic alterations will impose a major control on porosity and permeability and hence on hydrocarbon reservoirs, water aquifers, and the presence of other important economic minerals. In this Special Issue, we have submissions focusing on understanding the interplay between the mineralogical and chemical changes in carbonates and clastic sediments and the diagenetic processes, fluid flow, tectonics, and mineral reactions at variable scales and environments from a verity of sedimentary basins. Quantitative analyses of diagenetic reactions in these sediments using a variety of techniques are essential for understanding the pathways of these reactions in different diagenetic environments.
Author: C.H. Moore
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080869602
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
Carbonate diagenesis is a subject of enormous complexity because of the basic chemical reactivity of carbonate minerals. These carbonate minerals react quickly with natural waters that either dissolve the carbonates, or precipitate new carbonates to bring the water into equilibrium with the host carbonate sediments and rocks. These rock-water interactions either create porosity by dissolution, or destroy porosity by the precipitation of carbonate cements into pore spaces. Carbonate Diagenesis and Porosity examines these important relationships in detail. This volume is published in co-operation with OGCI, and is based on training courses organised by OGCI and taught by Dr. Moore. It is intended to give the working geologist and university graduate student a reasonable overview of carbonate diagenesis and its influence on the evolution of carbonate porosity. It starts with a discussion of the major differences between carbonates and siliciclastics so that the novice will have an appreciation of the basic nature of the carbonate system. Carbonate porosity, its nature and its classification is then discussed so that the relationship between diagenesis and porosity can be established. Environments of diagenesis and their characteristics are outlined, stressing the nature of pore fluids found in each environment. Tools for the recognition of these environments are then discussed with stress on the constraints suffered by each technique. Each major diagenetic environment is then discussed in detail with petrographic, geochemical characteristics outlined, and an in depth discussion of the impact of the environment's diagenetic processes on porosity development and evolution. Diagenetic models are developed where appropriate and criteria for recognition listed. Case histories illustrating these concepts and models are presented for each major diagenetic environment and sub-environment. Over 160 line drawings illustrate the book. Petrographic characteristics of porosity and diagenetic fabrics and textures are illustrated using numerous photomicrographs taken specifically for the book by the author. The book has been extensively indexed, and includes a large, current reference section. This book should be useful to any geologist interested in, or working with, carbonate sediments and rocks. It will be particularly useful to the industrial geologist concerned with the exploration or exploitation of hydrocarbons from carbonate rock sequences where an understanding of porosity development, evolution, and prediction are important. In addition, this book will be a good text for advanced carbonate courses at graduate level, and an appropriate reference book for graduate students working in, or interested in, carbonate rock sequences and sediments.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080869181
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
Diagenesis in sediments
Author: Stuart Burley
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 1444304461
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
Diagenesis affects all sediments after their deposition and includes a fundamental suite of physical, chemical and biological processes that control the texture, mineralogy and fluid-flow properties of sedimentary rocks. Understanding the processes and products of diagenesis is thus a critical component in the analysis of the evolution of sedimentary basins, and has practical implications for subsurface porosity destruction, preservation and generation. This in turn is of great relevance to the petroleum and water industries, as well as to the location and nature of some economic mineral deposits. Combines key papers in sandstone diagenesis published in Sedimentology over the last 30 years. Records the development of diagenesis from the description of grain shapes through provenance, petrography and analytical geochemistry to predictive models of diagenetic process. Provides definitions and explanations of the terms and concepts used in diagenesis. If you are a member of the International Association of Sedimentologists, for purchasing details, please see: http://www.iasnet.org/publications/details.asp?code=RP4
Author: Maurice E. Tucker
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444304526
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Over the years, many papers on carbonate diagenesis have been published in Sedimentology, the journal of the International Association of Sedimentologists. This volume presents a collection of these papers with a commentary. The emphasis of the book is on the diagenesis of shallow-marine carbonate sediments and the editors have chosen 12 papers which are reproduced in full. To widen the scope of this volume the abstracts for another 16 papers are presented. These provide further examples of diagenetic studies and help to extend the coverage of the book. The reprints and abstracts are divided into three groups, dealing with marine, meteoric and burial diagenesis respectively. Each collection is preceded by a commentary which briefly summarizes the topic and introduces the reprints and abstracts to come
Author: A. Parker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400972598
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 431
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Book Description
The topic of sediment diagenesis is of fundamental importance to industry in the evaluation of hydrocarbon and water reservoir rocks. Detailed knowledge of the diagenetic textures, fabrics, and minerals, and a prediction of the regional diagenetic response, partly controls hydrocarbon recovery programmes. In other words, knowledge of the diagenesis can aid (or even control) conservation policy. Similarly, facies and diagenetic trends w.ithin basins can influence exploration policy. This volume incorporates the majority of the principal contributions given to the NATO Advanced Study Institute held in the University of Reading, U.K., from July 12th-25th, 1981, at which the major themes of carbonate and terrigenous clastic sediments were treated sequentially from deposition to deep burial. Eighty selected scientists from twelve NATO and three other countries participated in the Institute. The keynote addresses which acted as the touchstones for discussion are presented here in the expectation that they will stimulate a still wider audience. We gratefully acknowledge the award of a grant from the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO to run the Institute, and also the cooperation of the University of Reading. Mrs. D. M. Powell helped in many ways with the organisation, and also retyped the entire manuscript of this book. A. Parker B. lv. Sellwood vii FACIES, SEQUENCES AND SAND-BODIES OF THE PRINCIPAL CLASTIC DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS T.Elliott Department of Geology University College of Swansea Singleton Park, Swansea SA 2 8PP Wales, U.K.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444535276
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
This book provides an up-to-date compilation of the latest research on the petrography, facies, paleonvironmental significance and economic aspects of continental carbonates. The overall organization of the book first emphasizes the descriptive aspects and processes operating on carbonate deposits in greatly varied settings, and then considers applications for basin analysis, as well as economic and historical aspects. This volume will be a valuable tool for graduate and postgraduate students as well as for experienced researchers. The first part (volume 61 in this series) will deal with the facies, environments, and processes of carbonates in continental settings. Covering the greatly varied aspects of carbonate deposits from continental settings deposits Clear and easy to follow organization of the book Graduate to postgraduate level Up to date information, so readers can find references from the classic literature to the most recent research
Author: Maurice E. Tucker
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444314165
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
Carbonate rocks (limestones and dolomites) constitute a major partof the geological column and contain not only 60% of the world'sknown hydrocarbons but also host extensive mineral deposits. Thisbook represents the first major review of carbonate sedimentologysince the mid 1970's. It is aimed at the advanced undergraduate -postgraduate level and will also be of major interest to geologistsworking in the oil industry. Carbonate Sedimentology is designed to take the readerfrom the basic aspects of limestone recognition and classificationthrough to an appreciation of the most recent developments such aslarge scale facies modelling and isotope geochemistry. Novelaspects of the book include a detailed review of carbonatemineralogy, non-marine carbonate depositional environments and anin-depth look at carbonate deposition and diagenesis throughgeologic time. In addition, the reviews of individual depositionalsystems stress a process-based approach rather than one centered onsimple comparative sedimentology. The unique quality of this bookis that it contains integrated reviews of carbonate sedimentologyand diagenesis, within one volume.
Author: Clyde H. Moore
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081007
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
The three diagenetic realms in which porosity modifications (e.g., dissolution, cementation, compaction) take place are the marine, meteoric, and subsurface environments. The meteoric environment—with its dilute waters, easy access to CO2, and wide range of saturation states with respect to carbonate phases—has high potential for porosity modification, including destruction by cementation and generation of secondary porosity by dissolution. Modern shallow-marine environments are particularly susceptible to porosity destruction by cementation due to high levels of supersaturation of marine waters relative to metastable carbonate minerals. Decreasing saturation with depth can lead to development of secondary porosity by dissolution of aragonite. In the geologic past, shallow-marine waters were often undersaturated with respect to aragonite. The subsurface environment is marked by loss of porosity through compaction and related cementation. Thermal maturation and degradation of hydrocarbons and the slow flux of basinal fluids during progressive burial drive later porosity modification by cementation and modest local dissolution. Recognition and differentiation of the porosity modification history of carbonate rocks is aided by a number of analytical tools. Petrography enables us to reconstruct the sequence of relatively timed diagenetic events responsible for porosity modifications. Trace element and stable isotope analyses of cements and dolomites provide insight into the types of waters involved in these events. Two-phase fluid inclusions are used to estimate temperatures of cement or dolomite formation and the composition of precipitating or dolomitizing fluids. The definitiveness of trace element analysis is often limited by uncertainties in distribution coefficients, temperature fractionation effects, or low concentration values. Two-phase fluid inclusion studies also pose significant problems (e.g., stretching of inclusions during burial, recognition of primary inclusions, and accuracy of pressure corrections). Therefore, these tools should be used to provide constraints on assessing environments of diagenetic events, within an appropriate petrographic/geologic framework. The continuing development of new instruments and techniques (e.g., the ion probe, clumped isotope analysis) holds great promise for the future of geochemical analyses in diagenetic studies.
