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Author: Ying-quan Peng
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781604563696
Category : Charge transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this book we investigate mechanism of charge carrier transport in organic semiconductor thin film devices (OTFDs). Numerical models for the current conduction in single layer OTFDs including both injection and bulk effect for both trap free organics as well as organics with traps exponentially distributed in energy are developed. The dependencies of the current density on the operation voltage, the thickness of the organic layer and the trap properties are numerically studied.
Author: Ying-quan Peng
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781604563696
Category : Charge transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this book we investigate mechanism of charge carrier transport in organic semiconductor thin film devices (OTFDs). Numerical models for the current conduction in single layer OTFDs including both injection and bulk effect for both trap free organics as well as organics with traps exponentially distributed in energy are developed. The dependencies of the current density on the operation voltage, the thickness of the organic layer and the trap properties are numerically studied.
Author: Beata Luszczynska
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527814949
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
Provides first-hand insights into advanced fabrication techniques for solution processable organic electronics materials and devices The field of printable organic electronics has emerged as a technology which plays a major role in materials science research and development. Printable organic electronics soon compete with, and for specific applications can even outpace, conventional semiconductor devices in terms of performance, cost, and versatility. Printing techniques allow for large-scale fabrication of organic electronic components and functional devices for use as wearable electronics, health-care sensors, Internet of Things, monitoring of environment pollution and many others, yet-to-be-conceived applications. The first part of Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices covers the synthesis of: soluble conjugated polymers; solution-processable nanoparticles of inorganic semiconductors; high-k nanoparticles by means of controlled radical polymerization; advanced blending techniques yielding novel materials with extraordinary properties. The book also discusses photogeneration of charge carriers in nanostructured bulk heterojunctions and charge carrier transport in multicomponent materials such as composites and nanocomposites as well as photovoltaic devices modelling. The second part of the book is devoted to organic electronic devices, such as field effect transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaics, photodiodes and electronic memory devices which can be produced by solution-based methods, including printing and roll-to-roll manufacturing. The book provides in-depth knowledge for experienced researchers and for those entering the field. It comprises 12 chapters focused on: ? novel organic electronics components synthesis and solution-based processing techniques ? advanced analysis of mechanisms governing charge carrier generation and transport in organic semiconductors and devices ? fabrication techniques and characterization methods of organic electronic devices Providing coverage of the state of the art of organic electronics, Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices is an excellent book for materials scientists, applied physicists, engineering scientists, and those working in the electronics industry.
Author: Karl-Philipp Strunk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Zhenlin Rang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Author: Georges Hadziioannou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527312714
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 786
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Book Description
The field of semiconducting polymers has attracted many researchers from a diversity of disciplines. Printed circuitry, flexible electronics and displays are already migrating from laboratory successes to commercial applications, but even now fundamental knowledge is deficient concerning some of the basic phenomena that so markedly influence a device's usefulness and competitiveness. This two-volume handbook describes the various approaches to doped and undoped semiconducting polymers taken with the aim to provide vital understanding of how to control the properties of these fascinating organic materials. Prominent researchers from the fields of synthetic chemistry, physical chemistry, engineering, computational chemistry, theoretical physics, and applied physics cover all aspects from compounds to devices. Since the first edition was published in 2000, significant findings and successes have been achieved in the field, and especially handheld electronic gadgets have become billion-dollar markets that promise a fertile application ground for flexible, lighter and disposable alternatives to classic silicon circuitry. The second edition brings readers up-to-date on cutting edge research in this field.
Author: Victor I. Klimov
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420079271
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 485
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Book Description
A review of recent advancements in colloidal nanocrystals and quantum-confined nanostructures, Nanocrystal Quantum Dots is the second edition of Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals: Synthesis and Electronic and Optical Properties, originally published in 2003. This new title reflects the book’s altered focus on semiconductor nanocrystals. Gathering contributions from leading researchers, this book contains new chapters on carrier multiplication (generation of multiexcitons by single photons), doping of semiconductor nanocrystals, and applications of nanocrystals in biology. Other updates include: New insights regarding the underlying mechanisms supporting colloidal nanocrystal growth A revised general overview of multiexciton phenomena, including spectral and dynamical signatures of multiexcitons in transient absorption and photoluminescence Analysis of nanocrystal-specific features of multiexciton recombination A review of the status of new field of carrier multiplication Expanded coverage of theory, covering the regime of high-charge densities New results on quantum dots of lead chalcogenides, with a focus studies of carrier multiplication and the latest results regarding Schottky junction solar cells Presents useful examples to illustrate applications of nanocrystals in biological labeling, imaging, and diagnostics The book also includes a review of recent progress made in biological applications of colloidal nanocrystals, as well as a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of techniques for preparing biocompatible quantum dots. The authors summarize the latest developments in the synthesis and understanding of magnetically doped semiconductor nanocrystals, and they present a detailed discussion of issues related to the synthesis, magneto-optics, and photoluminescence of doped colloidal nanocrystals as well. A valuable addition to the pantheon of literature in the field of nanoscience, this book presents pioneering research from experts whose work has led to the numerous advances of the past several years.
Author: Ajay Virkar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441997040
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
This thesis details the significant progress made in improving the performance of organic transistors and the network conductivity of carbon nanotubes. The first section investigates organic semiconductor nucleation and growth on the most common dielectric surface used to fabricate organic thin film transistors. The nucleation and growth of the semiconductor was determined to be a critical factor affecting the device performance. Excellent dielectric modification layers, which promote desirable semiconductor growth leading to high conductivity were identified, and a technologically relevant deposition technique was developed to fabricate high quality dielectric modification layers over large areas. This may represent an important step towards the realization of large area organic circuity. In the final section, lessons learned from studying organic semiconductor nucleation and growth were utilized to improve the conductivity of carbon nanotube networks. Selective nucleation of materials at the junctions between nanotubes in the network significantly decreased the network's sheet resistance. The resulting networks may be promising candidates for transparent electrodes with a variety of optoelectronic applications.
Author: Sven Renkert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Abstract: Fabricating organic Field Effect Transistor (FET)s can be achieved easily and cost effectively by depositing thin films of the organic semiconductor on top of a silicon wafer with a suitably thick oxide layer (about 100nm to 200 nm). In order to achieve high charge carrier mobilities in organic semiconductor materials, the molecular order in the device plays a crucial role, with higher order typically leading to higher mobilities and thus better performance of the device. However, most organic semiconductor materials dewet on silicon wafers with such thick oxide layers, and dewetting can limit the possibility of crystallizing thin film organic semiconductors. This undesired phenomena importantly affects the mobility in these systems, as the formation of individual droplets due to dewetting often introduces grain boundaries between crystals, thus severely limiting large scale order and charge carrier transport. In this study, we used an oligothiophene called 5TBT. It is based on 5 monomer units each consisting of two thiophene rings surrounding a benzene ring. We present a method to crystallize structures with a unique orientation up to the mm scale, despite the fact that films of this molecule dewet into pancake structures on silicon wafers with thick oxide layers when molten. One important advantage of this method is that it can be easily extended to other molecules besides the oligothiophene studied here, as the prerequisites are based on strong anisotropy in the growth speed of the crystalline faces. We expect other organic molecules with anisotropic crystal growth (e. g. molecules exhibiting _-stacking) to be suitable candidates for this method. We present the first realization of FETs with 5TBT based on this method. The extracted hole mobilities are two orders of magnitude higher compared to non-crystallized films. Additionally, we observed a very thin film of molecules connecting the pancake structures after dewetting. This film seems to be ordered, as the hole mobility measured in a FET configuration exceeds the mobility obtained from an amorphous film by and order of magnitude. The formation of this film can be suppressed by illuminating the sample with a light source (e. g. a microscope), and seems to play a crucial role in crystal growth, as crystal growth stops without such a layer. v Compared to their inorganic counterparts, most organic FETs react sensitively to the presence of adsorbates, depending strongly on their physical and chemical interactions. This effect is commonly used in sensor systems to detect the presence of target molecules in gases or liquids, called chemical noses and tongues, respectively. As the FETs designed in this study are stable in air for more then a month, we tested them as chemical noses for acetone and 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT). The FETs show a strong sensitivity with respect to acetone, surpassing the sensitivity of Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT). 5TBT is insensitive towards DNT, which is surprising, as 5TBTs fluorescence is strongly quenched by DNT in solution
Author: Zakya H. Kafafi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351836773
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Organic light-emitting diode(OLED) technology has achieved significant penetration in the commercial market for small, low-voltage and inexpensive displays. Present and future novel technologies based on OLEDs involve rigid and flexible flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, and lasers. Display applications may range from hand-held devices to large flat panel screens that can be rolled up or hung flat on a wall or a ceiling. Organic Electroluminescence gives an overview of the on-going research in the field of organic light-emitting materials and devices, covering the principles of electroluminescence in organic thin films, as well as recent trends, current applications, and future potential uses. The book begins by giving a background of organic electroluminescence in terms of history and basic principles. It offers details on the mechanism(s) of electroluminescence in thin organic films. It presentsin-depth discussions of the parameters that control the external electroluminescence quantum efficiency including the photoluminescence quantum yield, the light-output coupling factor, carrier/charge injection and transport, and electron and hole recombination processes in organic semiconductors. The authors address the design and the characterization of amorphous charge transport materials with high glass transition temperatures, light-emitting small molecules and conjugated polymers. The book covers state-of-the-art concepts and technologies such as fluorescent and phosphorescent OLEDs, various approaches for patterning organics, and active matrix organic emissive displays including their back panel thin film transistors and pixel electronics. It concludes by summarizing future directions for OLEDs in organic light-emitting displays, large area distributed solid state light sources, and lasers using organic thin films, nanostructures, and photonic crystals. Organic Electroluminescence is an excellent resource and reference for stu
Author: Michele Muccini
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119190118
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
Provides an overview of the developments and applications of Organic Light Emitting Transistors (OLETs) science and technology This book discusses the scientific fundamentals and key technological features of Organic Light Emitting Transistors (OLETs) by putting them in the context of organic electronics and photonics. The characteristics of OLETs are benchmarked to those of OLEDs for applications in Flat Panel Displays and sensing technology. The authors provide a comparative analysis between OLED and OLET devices in order to highlight the fundamental differences in terms of device architecture and working principles, and to point out the enabling nature of OLETs for truly flexible displays. The book then explores the principles of OLET devices, their basic optoelectronic characteristics, the properties of currently available materials, processing and fabrication techniques, and the different approaches adopted to structure the active channel and to control organic and hybrid interfaces. Examines the photonic properties of OLETs, focusing on the external quantum efficiency, the brightness, the light outcoupling, and emission directionality Analyzes the charge transport and photophysical properties of OLET, emphasizing the excitonic properties and spatial emitting characteristics Reviews the key building blocks of the OLET devices and their role in determining the device’s performance Discusses the challenges in OLET design, namely color gamut, power efficiency, and reliability Presents key applications of OLET devices and their potential impact on display technology and sensing Organic Light-Emitting Transistors: Towards the Next Generation Display Technology serves as a reference for researchers, technology developers and end-users to have a broad view of the distinguishing features of the OLET technology and to profile the impact on the display and sensing markets.
