Characterizing the Spatial Patterns and Spatially Explicit Probabilities of Post-Fire Vegetation Residual Patches in Boreal Wildfire Scars PDF Download
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Author: Yikalo Hayelom Araya
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Yikalo Hayelom Araya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Budhendra Oudesh Singh
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Richard D. Stratton
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Category : Wildfires
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Author: João Torres
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783330064812
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Author: Marc-André Parisien
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Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Resource management in fire-dominated ecosystems requires an understanding of the probability of wildfire occurring & spreading at different points in a landscape. This report describes an approach to evaluating wildfire susceptibility, or burn probability, for fire-prone landscapes such as the boreal forest of North America. The approach involves use of the BURN-P3 (probability, prediction, & planning) landscape-level simulation model, which combines deterministic fire growth based on the Canadian Fire Behaviour Prediction System and spatial data for forest fuels & topography with probabilistic fire ignitions & spread events derived from historical fire & weather data. A case study of the application of BURN-P3 is undertaken for a boreal mixedwood area of central Saskatchewan. The results presented highlight the importance of landscape features to wildfire susceptibility and indicate whether assessments based solely on stand-level characteristics are adequate.
Author:
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Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Author: Jacqueline W. Curtis (corresponding author)
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Author: Grant M. Casady
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Ecosystem response to disturbance is a function of environmental factors interacting at a number ofspatio-temporal scales. This research explored ecosystem response to wildfire as a function of local and broad-scale environmental factors using satellite based time-series remote sensing data. This topic was explored as a series of three independent but related studies. The first study focused on the evaluation of techniques for the analysis of time-series satellite data for describing post-fire vegetation trends at sites in the US, Spain, and Israel. Time-series data effectively described post-fire trends, and reference sites were valuable for differentiating between post-fire effects and other environmental factors. The use of phenological indicators derived from the time-series shows promise as a monitoring tool, but requires further investigation. The next study evaluated the influence of broad-scale climate factors on rates of post-fire vegetation regeneration across the western US. Rates of post-fire regeneration were higher with increased precipitation and higher minimum temperatures. Changes in climate are likely to result in shifts in post-fire vegetation dynamics, leading to important feedbacks into the climate system. The use of time-series data was a valuable tool in measuring trends in post-fire vegetation across a large area and over an extended period. The final study used time-series vegetation data to measure variations in post-fire vegetation response across an extensive 2002 wildfire. Regression tree analysis related post-fire regeneration to local environmental factors such as burn severity, soil properties, vegetation, and topography. Residuals from modeled rates of post-fire regeneration were evaluated in the context of management activities and site characteristics using expert knowledge. Post-fire rates of regeneration were a function of water availability, pre-burn vegetation, and burn severity. Management activities, soil differences, and shifts in vegetation community composition resulted in deviations from the modeled post-fire regeneration rates. The results of these three research studies indicate that remotely sensed time-series vegetation data provide a useful tool for measuring post-fire vegetation dynamics. Both broad-scale and local environmental factors play important roles in defining post-fire vegetation response, and the use of remote sensing and geospatial data sets can be useful in integrating these factors and enhancing management decisions.
Author: Larry J. Sugarbaker
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Category : Aerial photography in forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Author: Christine E. Kuntzemann
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Category : Fragmented landscapes
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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In the boreal biome of North America, large wildfires usually leave behind residual patches of unburned vegetation, termed refugia, which can strongly affect post-fire ecosystem processes. While topographic complexity is a major driver of fire refugia in mountainous terrain, refugia and fire severity (the ecological impacts of fire) in boreal landscapes are more likely driven by bottom-up controls affecting the extent and type of fuels. In this study, I investigate the role of hydrological (e.g., peatlands), ecological, and topographic heterogeneity on fire severity and the presence of fire refugia under different spatial and temporal climate moisture conditions in the Alberta boreal region over a 33-year (1985-2018) period. Fire severity was measured using the Relativized Burn Ratio (RBR). Generalized linear models were used to examine relationships of fire severity and probability of refugia as a function of bottom-up (vegetation, topography, site moisture, ecosystem) and top-down (normal and annual climatic moisture) controls. I then developed predictive maps of refugia probability and fire severity under normal and inter-annual climatic moisture conditions. I found that peatlands, stratified as bogs and fens, burned at lower severities and exhibited a higher probability of refugia than uplands, with vegetation (fuel) presenting a stronger control on fire than climate, topography, site moisture, or ecosystem type. In general, locations with wetter regional (normal) climatic moisture, a proxy for fuel amount, experienced increased fire severity and refugia probabilities when surrounded by more peatlands. While the amount of bogs affected both fire severity and refugia at intermediate scales (900-m area), fens affected fire severity most strongly when at a landscape scale (3000-m area) and refugia when at a local-scale (120-m area). Bogs decreased fire severity in adjacent uplands and peatlands under all regional and annual climatic moisture conditions but did not affect refugia probability in uplands. Fens reduced fire severity in adjacent uplands under all conditions and had varying effects on adjacent peatlands depending on moisture availability. Fens also increased refugia probability in adjacent uplands under all conditions, as well as in adjacent peatlands under all regional climatic moisture conditions. Areas of hydrologically-connected peatlands, particularly fens, may be capable of slowing future vegetation transitions, stemming from climate-driven increases to fire severity and post-disturbance moisture stress, in neighboring forests.
