Characterization of Genetic Factors Associated with Melanoma Susceptibility and Prognosis PDF Download
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Author: Míriam Potrony Mateu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Míriam Potrony Mateu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Gemma Cadby
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Melanoma
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
[Truncated abstract] Genetic epidemiological studies are increasingly being used to investigate the role of genetic and environmental factors in common human disease aetiology, with the ultimate aims of control and prevention. This thesis investigated the association of candidate genes with melanoma susceptibility and prognosis in the Western Australian population. In addition, methods research into novel statistical methods to model causal pathways in epidemiological studies was undertaken. Australia has the highest incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the world. Several melanoma-susceptibility genes have been identiffied, however a greater understanding of these genes and their interactions with environmental factors would lead to better interventions and control of the disease. The genetic determinants of melanoma progression, and therefore prognosis, are largely unknown. Knowledge of the genes which a ect melanoma progression and prognosis would aid in identifying individuals at risk of poorer prognosis, and may also elucidate the mechanisms underlying melanoma progression. The collection of population-based clinical, phenotypic and genetic data is integral in facilitating investigation into the genetic and environmental factors a ecting melanoma susceptibility and prognosis. This thesis involved the establishment of theWestern Australian Melanoma Health Study (WAMHS). The WAMHS is a population-based case-collection and linked biospecimen resource established to investigate the genetic epidemiology of melanoma. All eligible Western Australian adult cases of melanoma, diagnosed between January 2006 and September 2009 and noti ed to theWestern Australian Cancer Registry (WACR), were invited to participate in the study. Clinical and questionnaire- based phenotypic data and blood samples for extraction of DNA, RNA and serum were collected from consenting cases. Clinical data consisted of all pathological data recorded by the WACR and the questionnaire covered major risk factors for melanoma, such as sun exposure history and pigmentation. The final sample consisted of 1,643 cases, of which 1,455 completed one or more components of the study and 1,157 completed all components. The WAMHS comprises the only population-based study of melanoma cases in Western Australia, and is one of the largest single studies in the world. A sub-sample of the WAMHS consisting of 800 European-ancestry participants was used to investigate the genetic epidemiology of melanoma susceptibility and melanoma prognosis. The genetic epidemiology of melanoma susceptibility was investigated through association analyses of 42 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes previously reported to be associated with melanoma-risk, comparing the WAMHS sample to two general population samples. The genetic epidemiology of melanoma prognosis was investigated by association analyses of these same SNPs with Breslow thickness, which is the best independent predictor for disease prognosis. I hypothesised that some of the genes which increase melanoma- risk may also be those which affect poorer disease prognosis, as reflected by in- creased Breslow thickness...
Author: Lester Davids
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535109766
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
The book Recent Advances in the Biology, Therapy and Management of Melanoma brings up-to-date information regarding a number of aspects which culminate in illuminating potential targets in the fight against melanoma. This book is intended to be a reference book for both the scientific and clinical communities and brings complicated subject matter together in an easy, readable way. Undoubtedly fundamental scientific understanding has to then be translated to the clinic in order for us to make significant strides in eradicating melanoma. It is hoped that scientists, clinicians, students and residents find this book useful in their studies on melanoma and that it not only expands their perspectives and views on the field, but challenges them to forge ahead towards discovering the ultimate cure.
Author: Office of Office of the Surgeon
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781083100160
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
This document is a Call to Action to partners in prevention from various sectors across the nation to address skin cancer as a major public health problem. Many partners are essential to this effort, including federal, state, tribal, local, and territorial governments; members of the business, health care, and education sectors; community, nonprofit, and faith-based organizations; and individuals and families. The goal of this document is to increase awareness of skin cancer and to call for actions to reduce its risk.The first section describes the problem of skin cancer and its major risk factors. It also discusses the relationship between exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and health. The second section describes the current evidence on preventing skin cancer, including current initiatives in the United States and in other countries. The third section describes the gaps in research related to skin cancer prevention, highlighting areas of research where more work is needed. The fourth section identifies specific opportunities to prevent skin cancer by reducing UV exposure in the U.S. population and calls for nationwide action.
Author: Carlos A. Torres-Cabala
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493935542
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
This book discusses the molecular, biological, pathological, and clinical aspects of melanoma, with special emphasis in the new concepts of melanoma genetics. A multidisciplinary group of experts in Genetics, Dermatology, Pathology, and Melanoma Medical Oncology contribute state-of-the-art knowledge in melanoma research and clinical management, not only exposing the current status of knowledge of the topics but also providing their personal experiences and ideas about the future and potential practical application of the genetic aspects of melanoma. During the last few years we have witnessed an impressive amount of discoveries in the field of melanoma genetics which have changed our approach in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of this lethal disease. Genetics of Melanoma is a practical approach to melanoma genetic mechanisms and their application in the diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy. It is an essential source of updated information and a powerful tool for clinicians, pathologists, and basic scientists who wish to understand, apply, and investigate the multiple new aspects of melanoma genetics.
Author: Miroslav Blumenberg
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789230942
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Human skin cancers, the most common type of tumors, represent a significant health burden. The deadliest is unquestionably melanoma. Half of melanomas have an activating mutation in the BRAF gene, prompting development of novel drugs, vemurafenib and dabrafenib, specifically targeting mutated BRAF. Trametinib and cobimetinib, which block MEK, a BRAF effector protein, have been used in combination with BRAF inhibitors. A promising new melanoma treatment is immunotherapy, approach that boosts patient's own immune system to attack cancer. Pembrolizumab and nivolumab inhibit PD-1, whereas Ipilimumab targets CTLA-4, another immunity check point, to boost the immune response. Here we focus on pathways, mechanisms, targets and treatments of human skin cancers, with particular emphasis on the new developments in the research on melanomas.
Author: Chrysalyne D. Schmults
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662470810
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
This book is a cutting-edge resource that provides clinicians with the up-to-date practical knowledge required in order to manage SCC patients optimally. It summarizes newly available information relating to the definition of high-risk SCC, its pathophysiologic underpinnings, and its management. New prognostic information and staging systems are summarized that enable high-risk tumors to be defined more precisely than ever before. Many helpful tips are provided on the practical management of challenging cases, including multiple tumors/field cancerization, high-risk tumors, nodal metastases, and unresectable disease. The authors are all acknowledged experts in the emerging field of high-risk and advanced SCC.
Author: Anja K. Bosserhoff
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319823225
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book focuses on malignant melanoma, discussing the current state of scientific knowledge and providing insights into the underlying basic mechanisms, the molecular changes, genetics and genomics. Human Melanoma is a dangerous type of skin cancer affecting an increasing population, and a better understanding of its development will help in finding sophisticated targeted therapies. The second revised edition features the latest research findings and offers updates on the latest advances and potential novel melanoma therapies. It is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians working in the fields of melanoma, cancer research and therapy as well as dermatology.
Author: Ernst Mayr
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674364462
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 996
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Book Description
Explores the development of the ideas of evolutionary biology, particularly as affected by the increasing understanding of genetics and of the chemical basis of inheritance.
Author: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Publisher: AIHW
ISBN: 1742493386
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
This report presents the latest national survival and prevalence statistics for cancers in Australia from 1982 to 2010. Survival from cancer is a key indicator of cancer prognosis, control and treatment. It refers to the probability of being alive for a given amount of time after diagnosis and reflects the severity of a cancer diagnosis.
