Characterization of DnaA Mutant Proteins from Bacillus Subtilis - Novel Insights Into the Initiation of Replication PDF Download
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Author: Marc Eisemann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Marc Eisemann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Megan E. Rokop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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(Cont.) This is consistent with an inability of dnaBS371P cells to adjust the frequency of initiation according to growth rate. I also found that cells over-producing DnaBS371P are filamentous, contain decreased DNA contents, and are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging agents. These abnormalities may result from a defect in replication restart at damaged or stalled replication forks. Thus, whereas dnaBS3 71P suppresses the defects of mutant cells that cannot initiate or restart replication, expressing DnaBS371P in wild-type cells causes defects in initiation and restart.
Author: Charlotte A. Seid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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I described the co-association, in vitro interaction, and epistatic relationship between the DNA replication initiator DnaA and the nucleoid-associated protein Rok in Bacillus subtilis. Using ChIP-seq, I characterized the genome-wide association of DnaA and its regulator YabA. I found that DnaA and YabA associated with over 30 chromosomal regions that were bound by Rok, and association of DnaA and YabA with these regions was dependent on Rok. The DNA-binding domain of DnaA was dispensable for association of DnaA with these chromosomal regions. This indirect Rok-dependent association contrasted with the canonical sequence-specific binding of DnaA to eight chromosomal regions containing clusters of DnaA boxes. I found that association of YabA with Rok-dependent regions did not require DnaA, in contrast to the DnaA-dependent association of YabA with DnaA box cluster regions. Furthermore, I showed an in vitro interaction between DnaA and Rok using purified proteins in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. DnaA depended on Rok for association with a DNA probe, recapitulating the dependence observed at this chromosomal region in vivo. DnaA and Rok are both transcription factors and regulate some of the same genes. I analyzed global gene expression to determine the genetic relationship between these two transcriptional regulators. In general, rok was epistatic to dnaA; that is, the gene expression effects of DnaA depended on Rok, consistent with the ChIP-seq dependence. I investigated a potential role for Rok in regulating replication initiation, but I did not detect a replication phenotype of a rok null mutant under various conditions. I found that a rok null mutation did not detectably affect DnaA or YabA protein levels, and I showed that the stationary phase growth defect of this strain was dependent on comK, a downstream target of Rok. Additionally, I determined that a putative regulator of replication initiation, the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme PdhC, affected replication via its metabolic function but was not a direct regulator of replication initation.
Author: Jan Löwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331953047X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Author: Monika Glinkowska
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319105337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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This work describes the current knowledge of biochemical mechanisms regulating initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli, which focuses on the control of activity of the DnaA protein. Examples of direct linkages between DNA replication and other cellular processes are provided. In addition, similarities of the mechanisms of regulation of DNA replication operating in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are identified, and implications for understanding more complex processes, like carcinogenesis are suggested. Studies of recent years provided evidence that regulation of DNA replication in bacteria is more complex than previously anticipated. Multiple layers of control seem to ensure coordination of this process with the increase of cellular mass and the division cycle. Metabolic processes and membrane composition may serve as points where integration of genome replication with growth conditions occurs. It is also likely that coupling of DNA synthesis with cellular metabolism may involve interactions of replication proteins with other macromolecular complexes, responsible for various cellular processes. Thus, the exact set of factors participating in triggering the replication initiation may differ depending on growth conditions. Therefore, understanding the regulation of DNA duplication requires placing this process in the context of the current knowledge on bacterial metabolism, as well as cellular and chromosomal structure. Moreover, in both Escherichia coli and eukaryotic cells, replication initiator proteins were shown to play other roles in addition to driving the assembly of replication complexes, which constitutes another, yet not sufficiently understood, layer of coordinating DNA replication with the cell cycle.
Author: Hans Landstrom
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317413571
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
The growth of entrepreneurship research has been accompanied by an increased convergence and institutionalization of the field. In many ways this is of course positive, but it also represents how the field has become "mainstream" with the concomitant risk that individual scholars become embedded in a culture and incentive system that emphasizes and rewards incremental research questions, while reducing the incentives for scholars to conduct challenging research. This book challenges this status quo from accepted theories, methodologies and paradigmatic assumptions, to the relevance (or lack of) for contemporary practice and the impact of key journals on scholars’ directions in entrepreneurship research. An invited selection of the younger generation of scholars within the field of entrepreneurship research adopt a critical and constructive posture on what has been achieved in entrepreneurship research, the main assumptions which underly it, but also open-up new paths for creative entrepreneurship research in the future. This is a must-read for all scholars, educators and advanced students in entrepreneurship research.
Author: Tatiana Venkova
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889451054
Category : Science (General)
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
The Overview of the Topic was the following: "One of the most active areas of research in molecular microbiology has been the study of how bacteria modulate their genetic activity and its consequences. The prokaryotic world has gained a lot of interest. In addition to the above, the invention is based on the subject-matter of the present invention, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. All of these processes are fundamental to the operation of a genetic entity and condition their lifestyle. Further, the discoveries in the bacterial world have been of ample use in eukaryotes. [Article in German] Hansen, Hansen, H. (2003). In addition to the fundamental interest in understanding modulation of prokaryotic lifestyle by DNA binding proteins, As it is well-known the antibiotic-resistance strains of pathogenic bacteria are a major world problem, so that there is an urgent need of innovative technologies to tackle it. Most of the patients are infected with the virus. It is an imperative of finding new alternatives to the 'classical' way of treatment of bacterial infections and these new alternatives. Nevertheless, These new alternatives will find a dead-end if we are unable to obtain a better understanding of the basic processes modulating bacterial gene expression. Our goal is to achieve our understanding of protein-DNA interactions. First, the topic will bring together a lot of very active research in the study of gene replication, gene regulation, the strategies. We therefore want to acquire an in-depth knowledge of some of the mechanisms of gene regulation, gene transfer, and gene replication. Further, the readers of the papers will realize the importance of the topic and will learn the most recent thinking, results, and approaches in the area ". We are fully confident that we have exceeded our expectations. Now we are proud to present the final output of the topic, which is the eBook. It includes 24 articles contributed by 118 authors. As of today, March, 16th, January 2017, the total number of readings has reached 19,284, 14,921 article views, and 2,944 article downloads.
Author: Frederick C. Neidhardt
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781555810849
Category : Escherichia coli
Languages : en
Pages : 2822
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Book Description
This is the long–awaited second edition of an invaluable classic! Escherichia coli occupies a central role in contemporary molecular biology. It is the unicellular organism about which most is known – all molecular and cellular biologists will want a copy of this book. In 154 chapters, 250 expert authors and editors present the state of the art. Completely rewritten and restructured, the second edition offers a whole new approach to the subject.
Author: Andrew F. Gardner
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459276
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
In all organisms, the DNA replication machinery is responsible for accurate and efficient duplication of the chromosome. Inhibitors of replication proteins are commonly used in anti-cancer and anti-viral therapies. This eBook on “The DNA Replication Machinery as Therapeutic Targets” examines the normal functions of replication proteins as well as strategies to target each step during the replication process including DNA unwinding, DNA synthesis, and DNA damage bypass and repair. Articles discuss current strategies to develop drugs targeting DNA replication proteins as well as future outlooks and needs.
Author: Subrata Pal
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128148551
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
Fundamentals of Molecular Structural Biology reviews the mathematical and physical foundations of molecular structural biology. Based on these fundamental concepts, it then describes molecular structure and explains basic genetic mechanisms. Given the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of research, early career researchers and those shifting into an adjacent field often require a "fundamentals" book to get them up-to-speed on the foundations of a particular field. This book fills that niche. Provides a current and easily digestible resource on molecular structural biology, discussing both foundations and the latest advances Addresses critical issues surrounding macromolecular structures, such as structure-based drug discovery, single-particle analysis, computational molecular biology/molecular dynamic simulation, cell signaling and immune response, macromolecular assemblies, and systems biology Presents discussions that ultimately lead the reader toward a more detailed understanding of the basis and origin of disease
