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Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Carbon Fiber production from pitch. The process starts with a preparation step that converts the pitch into mesophase pitch. The mesophase pitch is then stabilized and passes through carbonization, graphitization, surface treatment and sizing, before being wound. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Fibers, 5. Synthetic Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 4999099, issued to Conoco in 2011 (3) Chung, D.D.L., Carbon Fiber Composites, 1994 Keywords: Carbon Fiber, Petroleum Pitch, Coal Tar Pitch, Mesophase Pitch
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Carbon Fiber production from pitch. The process starts with a preparation step that converts the pitch into mesophase pitch. The mesophase pitch is then stabilized and passes through carbonization, graphitization, surface treatment and sizing, before being wound. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Fibers, 5. Synthetic Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 4999099, issued to Conoco in 2011 (3) Chung, D.D.L., Carbon Fiber Composites, 1994 Keywords: Carbon Fiber, Petroleum Pitch, Coal Tar Pitch, Mesophase Pitch
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 101
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Carbon Fiber production from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber. In this process, PAN fiber is first stabilized. The stabilized PAN passes then through carbonization, surface treatment and sizing, before being winded. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Fibers, 5. Synthetic Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 8137810, issued to Toray in 2012; Keywords: Polyacrylonitrile, carbon fiber, acrylic fiber, PAN
Author: Viren Jayantibhai Patel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
The purpose of this study was to manufacture and mechanically characterize low-cost carbon fiber derived from pitch-based precursor that meets or exceeds the general-purpose carbon fiber. For this study, isotropic coal-tar pitch precursor was used due to its ease in manufacturing carbon fiber and low-cost starting material. Various analyses such as elemental composition, softening point, TGA, FT-IR, NMR, single carbon fiber testing, and SEM were performed to fully characterize the precursor and carbon fiber. Using melt spinning method, the precursor was melt spun at 235 °C, a pressure of 1.5 MPa and a winding speed of 400 rpm to achieve continuous small diameter fibers known as spun/green fibers. The winding speed of the drum collector and the spinneret diameter controlled the overall diameter of the carbon fibers. The green fibers then underwent the thermal treatment processes of stabilization and carbonization. The green fibers were oxidized at 300 °C with a heating rate of 0.25 °C/min in air. Later, they were carbonized at 1100 °C with a heating rate of 1 °C/min in an inert environment. Experimentally it was determined that smaller diameter carbon fibers were easy to fully oxidize with a smaller heating rate. This also resulted in higher mechanical properties due to less defects in their structures. The isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber manufactured in this study have the maximum tensile strength and elastic modulus of 927 MPa and 86 GPa, respectively.
Author: John D. Buckley
Publisher: William Andrew
ISBN: 0815516290
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
The major areas of carbon-carbon materials and composites are described in this comprehensive volume. It presents data and technology on the materials and structures developed for the production of carbon-carbon materials and composites. The text is composed of papers by 13 noted authors in their areas of expertise relating to the processes and production of these material systems and structures. The subject matter in the book is arranged to lead the reader through materials processing, fabrication, structural analysis, and applications of typical carbon-carbon products. The information provided includes: fiber technology, matrix material, design of composite structures, manufacturing techniques, engineering mechanics, protective coatings, and structural applications using carbon-carbon materials and composites.
Author: S. Koga
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
Author: Chang Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship among process, structure, and property of the UTSI pitch-based carbon fibers and optimize carbon fiber's mechanical properties through the stabilization process. Various analysis techniques were employed throughout these investigations which include the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), optical microscope, Dia-stron system, MTS, and ImageJ. Several fiber process techniques including fiber spinning, stabilization, and carbonization were explored to determine the effect of the thermal process on the fiber yield, fiber diameter, the sheath-core structure of stabilized fibers, the pac-man and hollow core structures of carbonized fibers, and the resulting mechanical properties of the carbon fibers. It was found that stabilization time and the temperature stepping had a great deal on influence on the resulting carbon fibers. Larger diameter fiber is easy to form sheath-core structure in the stabilization process. Pac-man structure was developed at 600°C during the carbonization. Both stabilization duration and the carbonization temperature control the resulting carbon fiber diameter and fiber structure defects such as the pac-man and hollow core defects. Multi-step stabilization can reduce the total stabilization duration and improve the mechanical properties of the resulting carbon fibers. Fiber structure non-uniformities including fiber diameter distributions for a bundle fiber or along a single fiber, and pac-man angles were determined. Statistical analysis revealed the distribution of the carbon fiber cross-sectional areas and the result is compared against commercial available carbon fibers. Carbon fiber sandwiched composites (CFSCs) were fabricated with UTSI carbon fiber and commercial PAN-based carbon fibers. Several configurations of sandwich structured composites were explored to test the flexural properties with varying sandwich thickness.
Author: Thomas Groetsch
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783031705779
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book describes the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to streamline analysis of process and material variations in carbon fibre manufacturing, focusing on large-scale continuous production. It reports on a modular LCA concept based on accepted international standards and an in-depth analysis of carbon fibre manufacture. This streamlined assessment approach considers material flows and properties, and generated emissions, throughout the manufacturing process. Further, four manufacturing scenarios for optimizing material throughput are discussed, highlighting trade-offs between production rate, material properties, environmental impact, and cost. In turn (“Subsequently” or a synonym may be more suitable here as this part is not directly linked to what is described in the previous sentence), the evaluation of three precursor materials,traditional PAN, textile-grade PAN, and an experimental bio-based lignin-cellulose blend is described. The strengths and weaknesses, like processability and cost efficiency, of each material are outlined in detail. Overall, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the effect process and material variations have on carbon fiber manufacture. It also showcases methodologies to optimize these industrial processes for a sustainable production on a large scale.
Author: K. Yumitate
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Author: Matthew Patrick Duran
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 105
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Book Description
UTSI has developed a new low-cost jet-dry-spin method for the production of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers. The objective of this preliminary study is to optimize the production of the UTSI carbon fiber composites and to better understand the surface texture between the fiber and matrix material. Several fabrication techniques were studied with varied preparation conditions to determine the effects on apparent density, electrical resistivity, tensile and flexural properties. Various polymeric resins and hardeners were used to demonstrate the versatility of the application of UTSI carbon fibers. During these investigations various analysis techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction, and optical microscope aided in the determination of the structural characteristics of the fiber and its composite. It was found that vacuum bagging resin infusion is the optimal fabrication process due to its ability to minimize porosity and increase fiber volume/content. The use of extra slow hardener allowed excellent control over the wetting, degassing, and cure time. Increasing applied pressure during the fabrication of the composites increases the fiber content/volume leading to improvements in mechanical properties, apparent density and electrical conductivity. However, excessive pressure causes difficult diffusion of the resin and the crash of carbon fibers which decrease the above properties. A preliminary work also shows that low cost phenolic resin composites and converted C/C composites can be easily prepared using UTSI CF. Fiber surface oxidative treatments with ozone and HNO3 solution were performed for comparison and optimization. Single-fiber fragmentation tests including single-fiber tensile/diameter testing revealed improvements in interfacial shear strength between oxidized carbon fiber (CF) and epoxy resin. Ozone treatment proved to be optimal, increasing flexure strength two-fold with respect to composites fabricated using as received CF.
Author: K. Shimazaki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
