Calibration Methods for Reproducible and Comparable Electromagnetic Partial Discharge Measurements in Power Transformers PDF Download
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Author: Martin Siegel
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 3752628189
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
The reliability of electrical energy networks depends on the quality and availability of their electrical equipment, e.g., power transformers. Local failures inside their insulation can lead to breakdowns resulting in high outage and penalty costs. To prevent these destructive events, power transformers are tested for partial discharge (PD) activity in a routine test before shipment. Furthermore, PD activity can be evaluated as a diagnostic measurement on-site (on-line or off-line) or be constantly monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this thesis, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method used in power transformers, which is lacking so far. The calibration process is required to ensure both reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements. Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be deemed reliable and eventually be introduced to supplement in (site-)acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF sensors' sensitivity and that of the UHF instrument characteristics, including accessories like cables, pre-amplifier, etc. The UHF instruments' influence is corrected by using a defined and invariable test signal as a reference for all recording devices comparable to the calibration method used in IEC 60270 for electrical PD measurement. The sensitivity of the UHF sensor is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the antenna factor (AF) measured in a special reproducible setup, i.e., a GTEM cell. In this thesis, a self-built GTEM cell is presented, which is oil-filled to address the environmental conditions inside a transformer where the sensor will be used. With such a cell, influences on the AF of UHF sensors are investigated, and it is shown that sensor sensitivities measured in an air-filled cell can be corrected to the oil environment. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup on a distribution transformer with different UHF instruments and sensors using artificial PD signals and real high voltage driven PD sources. Finally, this thesis identifies future research topics, which may be needed to improve the proposed UHF calibration procedure for power transformers and the UHF method in general.
Author: Martin Siegel
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 3752628189
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 130
Get Book Here
Book Description
The reliability of electrical energy networks depends on the quality and availability of their electrical equipment, e.g., power transformers. Local failures inside their insulation can lead to breakdowns resulting in high outage and penalty costs. To prevent these destructive events, power transformers are tested for partial discharge (PD) activity in a routine test before shipment. Furthermore, PD activity can be evaluated as a diagnostic measurement on-site (on-line or off-line) or be constantly monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this thesis, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method used in power transformers, which is lacking so far. The calibration process is required to ensure both reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements. Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be deemed reliable and eventually be introduced to supplement in (site-)acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF sensors' sensitivity and that of the UHF instrument characteristics, including accessories like cables, pre-amplifier, etc. The UHF instruments' influence is corrected by using a defined and invariable test signal as a reference for all recording devices comparable to the calibration method used in IEC 60270 for electrical PD measurement. The sensitivity of the UHF sensor is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the antenna factor (AF) measured in a special reproducible setup, i.e., a GTEM cell. In this thesis, a self-built GTEM cell is presented, which is oil-filled to address the environmental conditions inside a transformer where the sensor will be used. With such a cell, influences on the AF of UHF sensors are investigated, and it is shown that sensor sensitivities measured in an air-filled cell can be corrected to the oil environment. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup on a distribution transformer with different UHF instruments and sensors using artificial PD signals and real high voltage driven PD sources. Finally, this thesis identifies future research topics, which may be needed to improve the proposed UHF calibration procedure for power transformers and the UHF method in general.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electrical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1948
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Book Description
Author: Wolfgang Hauschild
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319974602
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 558
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Book Description
The new edition of this book incorporates the recent remarkable changes in electric power generation, transmission and distribution. The consequences of the latest development to High Voltage (HV) test and measuring techniques result in new chapters on Partial Discharge measurements, Measurements of Dielectric Properties, and some new thoughts on the Shannon Theorem and Impuls current measurements. This standard reference of the international high-voltage community combines high voltage engineering with HV testing techniques and HV measuring methods. Based on long-term experience gained by the authors the book reflects the state of the art as well as the future trends in testing and diagnostics of HV equipment. It ensures a reliable generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy. The book is intended not only for experts but also for students in electrical engineering and high-voltage engineering.
Author: Dieter Kind
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080508103
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
The second edition of High Voltage Test Techniques has been completely revised. The present revision takes into account the latest international developments in High Voltage and Measurement technology, making it an essential reference for engineers in the testing field. High Voltage Technology belongs to the traditional area of Electrical Engineering. However, this is not to say that the area has stood still. New insulating materials, computing methods and voltage levels repeatedly pose new problems or open up methods of solution; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) or components and systems also demand increased attention. The authors hope that their experience will be of use to students of Electrical Engineering confronted with High Voltage problems in their studies, in research and development and also in the testing field. - Benefit from a completely revised edition - Brings you up-to-date with th latest international developments in High Voltage and Measurement technology - An essential reference for engineers in the testing field
Author: Semyon G Rabinovich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461467179
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
“Evaluating Measurement Accuracy, 2nd Edition” is intended for those who are concerned with measurements in any field of science or technology. It reflects the latest developments in metrology and offers new results, but is designed to be accessible to readers at different levels: scientists who advance the field of metrology, engineers and experimental scientists who use measurements as tool in their professions, students and graduate students in natural sciences and engineering, and, in parts describing practical recommendations, technicians performing mass measurements in industry, quality control, and trade. This book presents material from the practical perspective and offers solutions and recommendations for problems that arise in conducting real-life measurements. This new edition adds a method for estimating accuracy of indirect measurements with independent arguments, whose development Dr. Rabinovich was able to complete very recently. This method, which is called the Method of Enumeration, produces estimates that are no longer approximate, similar to the way the method of reduction described in the first edition removed approximation in estimating uncertainty of indirect measurements with dependent arguments. The method of enumeration completes addressing the range of problems whose solutions signify the emergence of the new theory of accuracy of measurements. A new method is added for building a composition of histograms, and this method forms a theoretical basis for the method of enumeration.Additionally, as a companion to this book, a concise practical guide that assembles simple step-by-step procedures for typical tasks the practitioners are likely to encounter in measurement accuracy estimation is available at SpringerLink.
Author: James H. Harlow
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 020348648X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
Covering the fundamental theory of electric power transformers, this book provides the background required to understand the basic operation of electromagnetic induction as applied to transformers. The book is divided into three fundamental groupings: one stand-alone chapter is devoted to Theory and Principles, nine chapters individually treat majo
Author: R.J. Collier
Publisher: IET
ISBN: 0863417353
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
The book covers the following areas: microwave measurement.
Author: M. G. Arthur
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Noise
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
The metrology guide provides the basis for critical comparisons among seven measurement techniques for average noise factor and effective input noise temperature. The techniques that are described, discussed, and analyzed include the (1) Y-Factor, (2) 3-dB, (3) Automatic, (4) Gain Control, (5) CW, (6) Tangential, and (7) Cmparison Techniques. The analyses yield working equations and error equations by which accuracy capabilities are compared. Each technique is also analyzed for (a) frequency range for best measurement results, (b) special instrumentation requirements, (c) speed and convenience, (d) operator skill required, and (e) special measurement problems. General instrumentation requirements and practical measurement problems are discussed for the benefit of the non-expert metrologist. (Modified author abstract).
Author: Dominique Placko
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118613643
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
This title presents the general principles of instrumentation processes. It explains the theoretical analysis of physical phenomena used by standard sensors and transducers to transform a physical value into an electrical signal. The pre-processing of these signals through electronic circuits – amplification, signal filtering and analog-to-digital conversion – is then detailed, in order to provide useful basic information. Attention is then given to general complex systems. Topics covered include instrumentation and measurement chains, sensor modeling, digital signal processing and diagnostic methods and the concept of smart sensors, as well as microsystem design and applications. Numerous industrial examples punctuate the discussion, setting the subjects covered in the book in their practical context.
Author: M. S. Naidu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780070702233
Category : Electrical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
