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Author: Kanhaya Gupta
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134936494
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
The growth and persistence of government budget deficits is causing increasing concern in both developed and developing countries. They have provoked extreme responses: some economists hold that they have devasting effects, others that they have no real impact at all. Budget Deficits and Economic Activity in Asia examines both of these claims in the context of the Asian economies. After testing for the feasibility of the current levels of budget deficits and therefore of the current fiscal policies, the author turns to a quantification of the effects on money supply, inflation, aggregate demand and interest rates. The findings for the ten countries studied are far from uniform, but neither of the extreme positions is vindicated. Budget deficits are monetized to a considerable extent, thus impairing or at least reducing the ability of the monetary authority to pursue an independent monetary policy. The widespread view that budget deficits are inflationary because they increase the money supply receives only partial support. The apparent effects on interest rates appear to be positive and as the processes of fiscal deregulation accelerate, interest rates seem set to become even more sensitive to the behaviour of budget deficits. Countries covered include India, South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan.
Author: Kanhaya Gupta
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134936494
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Get Book Here
Book Description
The growth and persistence of government budget deficits is causing increasing concern in both developed and developing countries. They have provoked extreme responses: some economists hold that they have devasting effects, others that they have no real impact at all. Budget Deficits and Economic Activity in Asia examines both of these claims in the context of the Asian economies. After testing for the feasibility of the current levels of budget deficits and therefore of the current fiscal policies, the author turns to a quantification of the effects on money supply, inflation, aggregate demand and interest rates. The findings for the ten countries studied are far from uniform, but neither of the extreme positions is vindicated. Budget deficits are monetized to a considerable extent, thus impairing or at least reducing the ability of the monetary authority to pursue an independent monetary policy. The widespread view that budget deficits are inflationary because they increase the money supply receives only partial support. The apparent effects on interest rates appear to be positive and as the processes of fiscal deregulation accelerate, interest rates seem set to become even more sensitive to the behaviour of budget deficits. Countries covered include India, South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan.
Author: Mr.Daniel Leigh
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455294691
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
This paper investigates the short-term effects of fiscal consolidation on economic activity in OECD economies. We examine the historical record, including Budget Speeches and IMFdocuments, to identify changes in fiscal policy motivated by a desire to reduce the budget deficit and not by responding to prospective economic conditions. Using this new dataset, our estimates suggest fiscal consolidation has contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP. By contrast, estimates based on conventional measures of the fiscal policy stance used in the literature support the expansionary fiscal contractions hypothesis but appear to be biased toward overstating expansionary effects.
Author: Kanhaya Lal Gupta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780203318256
Category : Asia
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Author: Richard Hemming
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The focus is on the size of fiscal multipliers, and on the possibility that multipliers can turn negative (i.e., that fiscal contractions can be expansionary). The paper concludes that fiscal multipliers are overwhelmingly positive but small. However, there is some evidence of negative fiscal multipliers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
Author: Mr.Michael Sarel
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451852088
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
This paper examines the different arguments raised by the studies that addressed the East Asian growth experience. The original arguments presented in this paper are all on the negative side, highlighting problems associated with some of the possible explanations for the East Asian miracle. The paper concentrates mainly on four dimensions of the debate about the East Asian growth experience: (i) The nature of economic growth intensive or extensive?; (ii) The role of public policy and of selective interventions; (iii) The role of high investment rates and a strong export orientation as possible engines of growth; and (iv) The importance of the initial conditions and their relevance for policy.
Author: Ms.Kalpana Kochhar
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451935544
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
This paper reviews macroeconomic developments during the first year of the crisis in east Asia and draws some preliminary policy lessons. The crisis is rooted in the interaction of large capital inflows and weak private and public sector governance. At the same time, macroeconomic adjustment in these countries has resulted in some surprising outcomes, including severe economic contractions, low inflation, and rapid external adjustment. The lessons for crisis resolution include the importance of tight monetary policy early on for exchange rate stabilization, flexible fiscal policy, and comprehensive structural reform. Crises are avoided by prudent macroeconomic policies, diligent bank supervision, transparent data dissemination, strong governance, and forward-looking policymaking, even in good times.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309182158
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292621564
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
After a disappointing 2019, growth prospects in developing Asia have worsened under the impact of the current health crisis. Signs of incipient recovery near the turn of this year were quickly overthrown as COVID-19 broke out in January 2020 in the region’s largest economy and subsequently expanded into a global pandemic. Disruption to regional and global supply chains, trade, and tourism, and the continued spread of the outbreak, leave the region reeling under massive economic shocks and financial turmoil. Across Asia, the authorities are responding with policies to contain the outbreak, facilitate medical interventions, and support vulnerable businesses and households. Assuming that the outbreak is contained this year, growth is expected to recover in 2021. Especially to face down fundamental threats such as the current medical emergency, innovation is critical to growth and development. As some economies in developing Asia challenge the innovation frontier, many others lag. More and better innovation is needed in the region to sustain growth that is more inclusive and environmentally sustainable. Five key drivers of innovation are sound education, productive entrepreneurship, high-quality institutions, efficient financial systems, and dynamic cities that excite knowledge exchange. The journey to creating an innovative society takes long-term commitment and hard work.
Author: Michael P. Dooley
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226155420
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
The management of financial crises in emerging markets is a vital and high-stakes challenge in an increasingly global economy. For this reason, it's also a highly contentious issue in today's public policy circles. In this book, leading economists-many of whom have also participated in policy debates on these issues-consider how best to reduce the frequency and cost of such crises. The contributions here explore the management process from the beginning of a crisis to the long-term effects of the techniques used to minimize it. The first three chapters focus on the earliest responses and the immediate defense of a currency under attack, exploring whether unnecessary damage to economies can be avoided by adopting the right response within the first few days of a financial crisis. Next, contributors examine the adjustment programs that follow, considering how to design these programs so that they shorten the recovery phase, encourage economic growth, and minimize the probability of future difficulties. Finally, the last four papers analyze the actual effects of adjustment programs, asking whether they accomplish what they are designed to do-and whether, as many critics assert, they impose disproportionate costs on the poorest members of society. Recent high-profile currency crises have proven not only how harmful they can be to neighboring economies and trading partners, but also how important policy responses can be in determining their duration and severity. Economists and policymakers will welcome the insightful evaluations in this important volume, and those of its companion, Sebastian Edwards and Jeffrey A. Frankel's Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets.
