Brigatta Rosse

Brigatta Rosse PDF Author: David Francois
Publisher: Europe@war
ISBN: 9781914377075
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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Book Description
Brigate Rosse was an armed leftist movement that declared war against the state of Italy - and its membership of NATO - and terrorized the country for nearly two decades. From its inception, the Brigate Rosse drew heavily on the ideology and strategy of the urban guerrillas of Latin America and local experiences during the Second World War.

Brigatta Rosse

Brigatta Rosse PDF Author: David Francois
Publisher: Europe@war
ISBN: 9781914377075
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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Book Description
Brigate Rosse was an armed leftist movement that declared war against the state of Italy - and its membership of NATO - and terrorized the country for nearly two decades. From its inception, the Brigate Rosse drew heavily on the ideology and strategy of the urban guerrillas of Latin America and local experiences during the Second World War.

The Red Brigades and the Discourse of Violence

The Red Brigades and the Discourse of Violence PDF Author: Marco Briziarelli
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317679903
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 204

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Book Description
This book explores the communicative practices of the Italian radical group Red Brigades (Brigate Rosse, or BR), the relationship the group established with the Italian press, and the specific social historical context in which the BR developed both its own self-understanding and its complex dialectical connection with the society at large. The BR’s worldview and the dominant ideology(ies) mediated by the press are treated as competing responses to structural issues of Italian history: the structural weakness of the nation state, the contradictions of an uneven economic development, and the consequent struggle of the bourgeois class to achieve hegemonic rule.

Anatomy of the Red Brigades

Anatomy of the Red Brigades PDF Author: Alessandro Orsini
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801461391
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 327

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Book Description
The Red Brigades were a far-left terrorist group in Italy formed in 1970 and active all through the 1980s. Infamous around the world for a campaign of assassinations, kidnappings, and bank robberies intended as a "concentrated strike against the heart of the State," the Red Brigades' most notorious crime was the kidnapping and murder of Italy's former prime minister Aldo Moro in 1978. In the late 1990s, a new group of violent anticapitalist terrorists revived the name Red Brigades and killed a number of professors and government officials. Like their German counterparts in the Baader-Meinhof Group and today's violent political and religious extremists, the Red Brigades and their actions raise a host of questions about the motivations, ideologies, and mind-sets of people who commit horrific acts of violence in the name of a utopia. In the first English edition of a book that has won critical acclaim and major prizes in Italy, Alessandro Orsini contends that the dominant logic of the Red Brigades was essentially eschatological, focused on purifying a corrupt world through violence. Only through revolutionary terror, Brigadists believed, could humanity be saved from the putrefying effects of capitalism and imperialism. Through a careful study of all existing documentation produced by the Red Brigades and of all existing scholarship on the Red Brigades, Orsini reconstructs a worldview that can be as seductive as it is horrifying. Orsini has devised a micro-sociological theory that allows him to reconstruct the group dynamics leading to political homicide in extreme-left and neonazi terrorist groups. This "subversive-revolutionary feedback theory" states that the willingness to mete out and suffer death depends, in the last analysis, on how far the terrorist has been incorporated into the revolutionary sect. Orsini makes clear that this political-religious concept of historical development is central to understanding all such self-styled "purifiers of the world." From Thomas Müntzer's theocratic dream to Pol Pot's Cambodian revolution, all the violent "purifiers" of the world have a clear goal: to build a perfect society in which there will no longer be any sin and unhappiness and in which no opposition can be allowed to upset the universal harmony. Orsini’s book reconstructs the origins and evolution of a revolutionary tradition brought into our own times by the Red Brigades.

Red Brigades

Red Brigades PDF Author: Robert C Meade
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349203041
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
Looks at the history and motivation of the Red Brigades, recounts the kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro, and assesses Italy's anti-terrorist efforts.

The Rebirth of Italian Communism, 1943–44

The Rebirth of Italian Communism, 1943–44 PDF Author: David Broder
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030764893
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Book Description
During the final years of the Second World War, a decisive change took place in the Italian left, as the Italian Communist Party (PCI) rose from clandestinity and recast itself as a mass, patriotic force committed to building a new democracy. This book explains how this new party came into being. Using Rome as its focus, it explains that the rebirth of the PCI required that it subdue other, dissident strands of communist thinking. During the nine-month German occupation of Rome in 1943-44, dissident communists would create the capital’s largest single resistance formation, the Communist Movement of Italy (MCd’I), which galvanised a social revolt in the capital's borgate slums. Exploring this wartime battle to define the rebirth of Italian communism, the author examines the ways in which a militant minority of communists rooted their activity in the everyday lives of the population under occupation. In particular, this study focuses on the role of draft resistance and the revolt against labour conscription in driving recruitment to partisan bands, and how communist militants sought to mould these recruits through an active effort of political education. Studying the political writing of these dissidents, their autodidact Marxism and the social conditions in which it emerged, this book also sheds light on an often-ignored underground culture in the years that preceded the armed resistance that began in September 1943. Revealing an almost unknown history of dissident communism in Italy, outside of more recognisable traditions like Trotskyism or Bordigism, this book provides an innovative perspective on Italian history. It will be of interest to those researching the broad topics of political and social history, but more specifically, resistance in the Second World War and the post-war European left.

A History of Terrorism

A History of Terrorism PDF Author: Walter Laqueur
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 1412816114
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 293

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Book Description
Assassinations, bombings, hijackings, diplomatic kidnappings-terrorism is the most publicized form of political violence. The history of terrorism goes back a very long time, but the very fact that there is such a history has frequently been ignored, even suppressed. This may be because terrorism has not appeared with equal intensity at all times. When terrorism reappeared in the late twentieth century after a period of relative calm, there was the tendency to regard it as a new phenomenon, without precedent. The psychological study of terrorism has never been much in fashion. But this neglect has left a number of crucial questions unanswered. Among these are why some people who share the same convictions turn to terrorism and others do not. What is terrorism's true impact on international politics? What influence might it exert in the future? A History of Terrorism completes Walter Laqueur's pioneering and authoritative study of guerrilla warfare and terrorist activity. He charts the history of political terror from nineteenth-century Europe, through the anarchists of the 1880s and 1890s, the left- and right-wing clashes during the twentieth century, and the multinational operations of Arab and other groups today. Laqueur examines the sociology of terrorism: funding, intelligence gathering, weapons and tactics, informers and countermeasures, and the crucial role of the media. He probes the "terrorist personality" and how terrorists have been depicted in literature and films. The doctrine of systematic terrorism and current interpretations of terrorism, its common patterns, motives, and aims, are unflinchingly faced and clearly explicated. Finally, Laqueur considers the effectiveness of terrorism and examines the ominous possibility of nuclear blackmail. Challenging accepted assumptions, forecasting the changes in terrorist activity that will affect tomorrow's headlines, Walter Laqueur demystifies terrorism without belittling its importance. Together with its companion volume, Guerrilla Warfare, also available from Transaction, A History of Terrorism is an essential tool for assessing and understanding this all-too-often sensationalized modern expression of extreme political action.

Traces of Terrorism

Traces of Terrorism PDF Author: Matthias Plügge
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 3756842649
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 370

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Book Description
Terrorism usually is a consquence of geopolitical decisions. Therefore, this book chooses a historical approach: it shows the most important terrorist attacks un their contexts. After all, terrorism is ultimately not a string of disconnected events; rather follows a line of development that this book seeks to trace in a chronicle.

The Revolutionary Mystique and Terrorism in Contemporary Italy

The Revolutionary Mystique and Terrorism in Contemporary Italy PDF Author: Richard Drake
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253057159
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 255

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Book Description
What drives terrorists to glorify violence? In The Revolutionary Mystique and Terrorism in Contemporary Italy, Richard Drake seeks to explain the origins of Italian terrorism and the role that intellectuals played in valorizing the use of violence for political or social ends. Drake argues that a combination of socioeconomic factors and the influence of intellectual elites led to a sanctioning of violence by revolutionary political groups in Italy between 1969 and 1988. Drake explores what motivated Italian terrorists on both the Left and the Right during some of the most violent decades in modern Italian history and how these terrorists perceived the modern world as something to be destroyed rather than reformed. In 1989, The Revolutionary Mystique and Terrorism in Contemporary Italy received the Howard R. Marraro Prize from the Society for Italian Historical Studies. It was awarded for the best book that year on Italian history. The book is reissued now with a new introduction for the light it might shed on current terrorist challenges. The Italians had success in combating terrorism. We might learn something from their example. The section of the book dealing with the Italian "superfascist" philosopher, Julius Evola, holds special interest today. Drake's original work takes on new significance in the light of Evola's recent surge of popularity for members of America's alt-right movement.

The Legacy of the Italian Resistance

The Legacy of the Italian Resistance PDF Author: Philip Cooke
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230119018
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 550

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Book Description
This book adds to this growing body of scholarship on the Italian Resistance by analysing, for the first time, how the 'three wars' are represented over the broad spectrum of Resistance culture from 1945 to the present day. Furthermore, it makes this contribution to scholarship by bridging the gap between historical and cultural analysis. Whereas historians frequently use literary texts in their writings, they are often flawed by an insufficiently nuanced understanding of what a literary text is. Likewise, literary critics who have discussed writers such as Calvino and Vittorini, or films such Paisà and La notte di San Lorenzo, only refer in passing to the historical context in which these works were produced. By fusing historical and cultural analysis, author Philip Cooke makes a unique contribution to our understanding of a key period of Italian history and culture.

Speaking Out and Silencing

Speaking Out and Silencing PDF Author: A. Bull
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351548077
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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Book Description
Commonly referred to collectively as the anni di piombo -- years of lead -- the 1970s have been seen as a parenthesis in Italian history, which was dominated by political violence and terrorism. The seventeen essays in this wide-ranging collection adopt different scholarly perspectives to challenge this monolithic view and uncover the complexity of the decade, exploring its many facets and re-assessing political conflict. The volume brings to the fore the ruptures of the period through an examination of literature, film, gender relations, party politics and political participation, social structures and identities. This more balanced assessment of the period allows the vibrancy and dynamism of new social and cultural movements to emerge. The long-lasting effects of this period on Italian culture and society and its crucial legacy to the present are lucidly revealed, dispelling the widely-held belief that the 1970s were largely a regressive decade. With the contributions: Anna Cento Bull, Adalgisa Giorgio -- The 1970s through the Looking GlassPiero Ignazi -- Italy in the 1970s between Self-Expression and OrganicismPaola Di Cori -- Listening and Silencing. Italian Feminists in the 1970s: Between autocoscienza and TerrorismAmalia Signorelli -- Women in Italy in the 1970sLesley Caldwell -- Is the Political Personal? Fathers and Sons in Bertolucci's Tragedia di un uomo ridicolo and Amelio's Colpire al cuoreJennifer Burns -- A Leaden Silence? Writers' Responses to the anni di piomboAdalgisa Giorgio -- From Little Girls to Bad Girls: Women's Writing and Experimentalism in the 1970s and 1990sEnrico Palandri -- The Difficulty of a Historical Perspective on the 1970sMark Donovan -- The Radicals: An Ambiguous Contribution to Political InnovationCarl Levy -- Intellectual Unemployment and Political Radicalism in Italy, 1968-1982Roberto Bartali -- The Red Brigades and the Moro Kidnapping: Secrets and LiesTom Behan -- Allende, Berlinguer, Pinochet... and Dario FoPhilip Cooke -- 'A riconquistare la rossa primavera' The Neo-Resistance of the 1970sClaudia Bernardi -- Collective Memory and Childhood Narratives: Rewriting the 1970s in the 1990sValeria Pizzini Gambetta -- Becoming Visible: Did the Emancipation of Women Reach the Sicilian Mafia?Davide PerO -- The Left and the Construction of Immigrants in 1970s ItalyAnna Cento Bull -- From the Centrality of the Working Class to its Demise: The Case of Bagnoli, Naples