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Author:
Publisher: Benchmark Education Company
ISBN: 1450927874
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Benchmark Education Company
ISBN: 1450927874
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Alan Graham
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022654432X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Land bridges are the causeways of biodiversity. When they form, organisms are introduced into a new patchwork of species and habitats, forever altering the ecosystems into which they flow; and when land bridges disappear or fracture, organisms are separated into reproductively isolated populations that can evolve independently. More than this, land bridges play a role in determining global climates through changes to moisture and heat transport and are also essential factors in the development of biogeographic patterns across geographically remote regions. In this book, paleobotanist Alan Graham traces the formation and disruption of key New World land bridges and describes the biotic, climatic, and biogeographic ramifications of these land masses’ changing formations over time. Looking at five land bridges, he explores their present geographic setting and climate, modern vegetation, indigenous peoples (with special attention to their impact on past and present vegetation), and geologic history. From the great Panamanian isthmus to the boreal connections across the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans that allowed exchange of organisms between North America, Europe, and Asia, Graham’s sweeping, one-hundred-million-year history offers new insight into the forces that shaped the life and land of the New World.
Author: Bruce McClish
Publisher: Capstone Classroom
ISBN: 9781403442468
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Contents include: North America: landforms; North America: climate, plants and animals; North America: history and culture; Introducing South America; South America: landforms; South America: climate, plants and animals; South America: history and culture; Continental connections and plate tectonics; Land bridges: the narrow link; Land bridges: dropping seas.
Author: José Luis Prado
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319558773
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 157
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Book Description
This book provides an update on the phylogeny, systematics and ecology of horses in South America based on data provided over the past three decades. The contemporary South American mammalian communities were shaped by the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama and by the profound climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene. Horses were a conspicuous group of immigrant mammals from North America that arrived in South America during the Pleistocene. This group is represented by 2 genera, Hippidion and Equus, which include small species (Hippidion devillei, H. saldiasi, E. andium and E. insulatus) and large forms (Equus neogeus and H. principale). Both groups arrived in South America via 2 different routes. One model designed to explain this migration indicates that the small forms used the Andes corridor, while larger horses used the eastern route and arrived through some coastal areas. Molecular dating (ancient DNA) suggests that the South American horses separated from the North American taxa (caballines and the New World stilt-legged horse) after 3.6 - 3.2 Ma, consistent with the final formation of the Panamanian Isthmus. Recent studies of stable isotopes in these horses indicate an extensive range of 13C values cover closed woodlands to C4 grasslands. This plasticity agrees with the hypothesis that generalist species and open biome specialist species from North America indicate a positive migration through South America.
Author: Ernst Mayr
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674271050
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 742
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Book Description
The diversity of living forms and the unity of evolutionary processes are the focus of these essays. The collection helps form much of the basis of contempoary undertanding of evolutionary biology.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Greek letter societies
Languages : en
Pages : 684
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Book Description
Author: K. Bharatdwaj
Publisher: Discovery Publishing House
ISBN: 9788183561341
Category : Biogeography
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
It may well be said that there can be no geography which concerns itself with the actual shape and form of the land surface, solid rode, the configuration and extent of the seas and oceans, the enveloping atmosphere without which life as we know it cannot exist, the physical process which take place in that atmosphere. This book has been designed to cover the syllabus of physical geography required for the B.A. students of the Indian Universities. The subject matter has been arranged so as to provide clear and integrated approach to the subject with all essential tools of applicable geography for B.A. curriculum. Contents: Biogeography, Ecosystem, Biosphere, Biome, Food Chain.
Author: Martin
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 1284108295
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Earth’s Evolving Systems: The History of Planet Earth, Second Edition is an introductory text designed for popular courses in undergraduate Earth history. Written from a “systems perspective,” it provides coverage of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, and discussion of how those systems interacted over the course of geologic time.
Author: Brett Ratcliffe
Publisher: PenSoft Publishers LTD
ISBN: 9546425281
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
The Scarabaeoidea is one of the largest superfamilies in the Coleoptera and includes approximately 2,200 genera and about 32,000 species worldwide. Scarabs have diversified into most habitats, and they are fungivores, herbivores, necrophages, coprophages, saprophages, and carnivores. Some scarabs exhibit various levels of parental care and sociality. Some are myrmecophilous or termitophilous. Many possess extravagant horns, others are able to roll into a compact ball, and still others are highly armored for inquiline life. Some are important agricultural pests that may destroy crops, while others are used in the biological control of dung and dung flies. Scarabaeoids are popular beetles due to their large size, bright colors, and interesting natural histories. Because of the popularity of the group, there exists an erroneous impression that the superfamily is taxonomically well known. However, even with a lengthy history of study, the group is in real need of continuing research. The papers in this volume cover a wide array of research topics on Scarabaeoidea, including evolutionary relationships, character trait evolution, species concepts, descriptions of new taxa, keys for identification, nomenclature, historical biogeography, methods, and basic life history information. These papers are a valuable contribution to our knowledge of scarabaeoids, and they will provide a foundation for future research.
Author: Carlos L. de la Rosa
Publisher: University of Texas Press
ISBN: 0292789513
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
Carnivores such as pumas, jaguars, and ocelots have roamed the neotropical forests of Central America for millennia. Enshrined in the myths of the ancient Maya, they still inspire awe in the region's current inhabitants, as well as in the ecotourists and researchers who come to experience Central America's diverse and increasingly endangered natural environment. This book is one of the first field guides dedicated to the carnivores of Central America. It describes the four indigenous families—wild cats, raccoons and their relatives, skunks and their relatives, and wild canids—and their individual species that live in the region. The authors introduce each species by recounting a first-person encounter with it, followed by concise explanations of its taxonomy, scientific name, English and Spanish common names, habitat, natural history, and conservation status. Range maps show the animal's past and current distribution, while Claudia Nocke's black-and-white drawings portray it visually. The concluding chapter looks to the carnivores' future, including threats posed by habitat destruction and other human activities, and describes some current conservation programs. Designed for citizens of and visitors to Central America, as well as specialists, this book offers an excellent introduction to a group of fascinating, threatened, and still imperfectly understood animals.
