Author: Michael W. McGowan
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1620327007
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
Philosophers of religion and theologians have long wrestled with the concept of revelation. Does God reveal truth to human subjects primarily through sacred texts or audible voices? Through inner experiences or pronouncements of religious leaders? What is the relationship between the truths given in revelation and those discoverable by reason? Revelation is a challenge not only to scholars, but also for churchgoers. How can the same God command one person to do one thing and another to do something quite different? In The Bridge, Michael McGowan explores how a number of great twentieth- and twenty-first-century thinkers understand the concept of revelation. Using insights from their work and some recent advances in literary theory and communication studies, he constructs a model of revelation in which "symbol" and "narrative" figure heavily. Ancient ideas are given new life in this contemporary explication of the nature of revelation, God as the Revealer, and revelation's implications.
The Bridge
Author: Michael W. McGowan
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1620327007
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
Philosophers of religion and theologians have long wrestled with the concept of revelation. Does God reveal truth to human subjects primarily through sacred texts or audible voices? Through inner experiences or pronouncements of religious leaders? What is the relationship between the truths given in revelation and those discoverable by reason? Revelation is a challenge not only to scholars, but also for churchgoers. How can the same God command one person to do one thing and another to do something quite different? In The Bridge, Michael McGowan explores how a number of great twentieth- and twenty-first-century thinkers understand the concept of revelation. Using insights from their work and some recent advances in literary theory and communication studies, he constructs a model of revelation in which "symbol" and "narrative" figure heavily. Ancient ideas are given new life in this contemporary explication of the nature of revelation, God as the Revealer, and revelation's implications.
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1620327007
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
Philosophers of religion and theologians have long wrestled with the concept of revelation. Does God reveal truth to human subjects primarily through sacred texts or audible voices? Through inner experiences or pronouncements of religious leaders? What is the relationship between the truths given in revelation and those discoverable by reason? Revelation is a challenge not only to scholars, but also for churchgoers. How can the same God command one person to do one thing and another to do something quite different? In The Bridge, Michael McGowan explores how a number of great twentieth- and twenty-first-century thinkers understand the concept of revelation. Using insights from their work and some recent advances in literary theory and communication studies, he constructs a model of revelation in which "symbol" and "narrative" figure heavily. Ancient ideas are given new life in this contemporary explication of the nature of revelation, God as the Revealer, and revelation's implications.
Preaching Prophetic Care
Author: Phillis Isabella Sheppard
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 153264339X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Preachers often think of prophetic preaching in the caricature of the prophet as the lonely outsider confronting the congregation, often angrily, with the congregation's complicity in social injustice and with a bracing call for repentance. The twenty-seven essays and sermons in this book offer a different perspective by viewing prophetic preaching specifically--and ministry, practical theology, and theological education more broadly--as pastoral care for the community in prophetic perspective. Such preaching does indeed bring a critical theological analysis of justice concerns to the center of the sermon, but in such a way as to invite the congregation to consider how the move toward justice is a pastoral move-- that is, a move that seeks to build up community. Rather than contributing to the polarization so rampant in today's social world, the preacher seeks to help the congregation build bridges along which concern for justice can travel. The contributions honor the work of the late Dale Andrews, a scholar of preaching and practical theology at the Divinity School, Vanderbilt University, whose seminal work inspires the notions of prophetic care and building bridges to justice.
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 153264339X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Preachers often think of prophetic preaching in the caricature of the prophet as the lonely outsider confronting the congregation, often angrily, with the congregation's complicity in social injustice and with a bracing call for repentance. The twenty-seven essays and sermons in this book offer a different perspective by viewing prophetic preaching specifically--and ministry, practical theology, and theological education more broadly--as pastoral care for the community in prophetic perspective. Such preaching does indeed bring a critical theological analysis of justice concerns to the center of the sermon, but in such a way as to invite the congregation to consider how the move toward justice is a pastoral move-- that is, a move that seeks to build up community. Rather than contributing to the polarization so rampant in today's social world, the preacher seeks to help the congregation build bridges along which concern for justice can travel. The contributions honor the work of the late Dale Andrews, a scholar of preaching and practical theology at the Divinity School, Vanderbilt University, whose seminal work inspires the notions of prophetic care and building bridges to justice.
Journal of Moral Theology, Volume 9, Issue 2
Author: Jason King
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1666718319
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
Charity, Justice, and Development in Practice: A Case Study of the Daughters of Charity in East Africa Meghan J. Clark Appropriation, Australia’s Drinking Problem, and the Cost of Resistance in Catholic Health Services Daniel J. Fleming White Church or World Community? James Baldwin’s Challenging Discipleship Jean-Pierre Fortin The Moral Impact of Digital Devices Marcus Mescher Life in the Struggle: Liturgical Innovation in the Face of the Cultural Devastation of Disaster Capitalism Daniel P. Rhodes From Indifference to Dwelling in Difference: Catholic-Muslim Marriages and Families and the Non-Hegemonic Reception of Muslim Migrants Axel Marc Oaks Takacs Augmented Reality and the Limited Promise of ‘Ecstatic’ Technology Criticism Luis G. Vera Book Reviews Tom Angier, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Natural Law Ethics Daniel A. Morris Gerald A. Arbuckle, SM, Abuse and Cover-Up: Refounding the Catholic Church in Trauma Kimberly Humphrey Jennifer Ayres, Inhabitance: Ecological Religious Education Steven Bouma-Prediger Hannah Bacon, Feminist Theology and Contemporary Dieting Culture: Sin, Salvation and Women’s Weight Loss Narrative Stephanie C. Edwards Richard Berquist, From Human Dignity to Natural Law James Carey Brian Brock, Wondrously Wounded: Theology, Disability, and the Body of Christ Emily S. Kahm John J. Collins, What Are Biblical Values? What the Bible Says on Key Ethical Issues Patricia M. McDonald, SHCJ M. Shawn Copeland, Knowing Christ Crucified: The Witness of African American Religious Experience Stephen Okey Robert J. Daly, SJ, Sacrifice in Pagan and Christian Antiquity Chelsea King Asle Eikrem, God as Sacrificial Love: A Systematic Exploration of a Controversial Notion William P. Loewe Kevin L. Flanner, SJ, Cooperation with Evil; Thomistic Tools of Analysis Michael P. Krom Gifford A. Grobien, Christian Character Formation: Lutheran Studies of the Law, Anthropology, Worship, and Virtue Keyle Schiefelbein-Guerrero Ron Haflidson, On Solitude, Conscience, Love, and Our Inner and Outer Lives Kim Paffenroth Roger Haight, SJ, Faith and Evolution: A Grace-Filled Naturalism Taylor Wilkerson Raymond Hain, ed., Beyond the Self: Virtue Ethics and the Problem of Culture Christopher Denny Danielle Tumminio Hansen, Conceiving Family: A Practical Theology of Surrogacy and Self Kathryn Lilla Cox David Bentley Hart, That All Shall Be Saved: Heaven, Hell, and Universal Salvation Daniel Waldow Kristin E. Heyer, James F. Keenan, SJ, and Andrea Vicini, eds., Building Bridges in Sarajevo: The Plenary Papers from CTEWC 2018 Eli S. McCarthy Grant Macaskill, Autism and the Church: Bible, Theology and Community Jill Harshaw Graham James McAleer, Erich Przywara and Postmodern Natural Law Philip John Paul Gonzales Arthur J. McDonald, A Progressive Voice in the Catholic Church in the United States: Association of Pittsburgh Priests, 1966-2019 Jens Mueller Neil Messer, Theological Neuroethics: Christian Ethics Meets the Science of the Human Brain Amanda R. Alexander Michael J. Naughton, Getting Work Right: Labor and Leisure in a Fragmented World Stephanie Ann Puen Martin Schlag and Melé Domènec, eds., A Catholic Spirituality for Business: The Logic of Gift William J. Hisker Richard S. Vosko, Art and Architecture for Congregational Worship: The Search for a Common Ground Andrew Julo Jeremy D. Wilkins, Before Truth: Lonergan, Aquinas, and the Problem of Wisdom Jeremy Blackwood Curtis Paul DeYoung, et.al, Becoming Like Creoles: Living and Leading at the Intersections of Injustice, Culture, and Religion Ramon Luzarraga Christiana Zenner, Just Water: Theology, Ethics, and Fresh Water Crises. Rev. Ed. James W. Stroud 218
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1666718319
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
Charity, Justice, and Development in Practice: A Case Study of the Daughters of Charity in East Africa Meghan J. Clark Appropriation, Australia’s Drinking Problem, and the Cost of Resistance in Catholic Health Services Daniel J. Fleming White Church or World Community? James Baldwin’s Challenging Discipleship Jean-Pierre Fortin The Moral Impact of Digital Devices Marcus Mescher Life in the Struggle: Liturgical Innovation in the Face of the Cultural Devastation of Disaster Capitalism Daniel P. Rhodes From Indifference to Dwelling in Difference: Catholic-Muslim Marriages and Families and the Non-Hegemonic Reception of Muslim Migrants Axel Marc Oaks Takacs Augmented Reality and the Limited Promise of ‘Ecstatic’ Technology Criticism Luis G. Vera Book Reviews Tom Angier, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Natural Law Ethics Daniel A. Morris Gerald A. Arbuckle, SM, Abuse and Cover-Up: Refounding the Catholic Church in Trauma Kimberly Humphrey Jennifer Ayres, Inhabitance: Ecological Religious Education Steven Bouma-Prediger Hannah Bacon, Feminist Theology and Contemporary Dieting Culture: Sin, Salvation and Women’s Weight Loss Narrative Stephanie C. Edwards Richard Berquist, From Human Dignity to Natural Law James Carey Brian Brock, Wondrously Wounded: Theology, Disability, and the Body of Christ Emily S. Kahm John J. Collins, What Are Biblical Values? What the Bible Says on Key Ethical Issues Patricia M. McDonald, SHCJ M. Shawn Copeland, Knowing Christ Crucified: The Witness of African American Religious Experience Stephen Okey Robert J. Daly, SJ, Sacrifice in Pagan and Christian Antiquity Chelsea King Asle Eikrem, God as Sacrificial Love: A Systematic Exploration of a Controversial Notion William P. Loewe Kevin L. Flanner, SJ, Cooperation with Evil; Thomistic Tools of Analysis Michael P. Krom Gifford A. Grobien, Christian Character Formation: Lutheran Studies of the Law, Anthropology, Worship, and Virtue Keyle Schiefelbein-Guerrero Ron Haflidson, On Solitude, Conscience, Love, and Our Inner and Outer Lives Kim Paffenroth Roger Haight, SJ, Faith and Evolution: A Grace-Filled Naturalism Taylor Wilkerson Raymond Hain, ed., Beyond the Self: Virtue Ethics and the Problem of Culture Christopher Denny Danielle Tumminio Hansen, Conceiving Family: A Practical Theology of Surrogacy and Self Kathryn Lilla Cox David Bentley Hart, That All Shall Be Saved: Heaven, Hell, and Universal Salvation Daniel Waldow Kristin E. Heyer, James F. Keenan, SJ, and Andrea Vicini, eds., Building Bridges in Sarajevo: The Plenary Papers from CTEWC 2018 Eli S. McCarthy Grant Macaskill, Autism and the Church: Bible, Theology and Community Jill Harshaw Graham James McAleer, Erich Przywara and Postmodern Natural Law Philip John Paul Gonzales Arthur J. McDonald, A Progressive Voice in the Catholic Church in the United States: Association of Pittsburgh Priests, 1966-2019 Jens Mueller Neil Messer, Theological Neuroethics: Christian Ethics Meets the Science of the Human Brain Amanda R. Alexander Michael J. Naughton, Getting Work Right: Labor and Leisure in a Fragmented World Stephanie Ann Puen Martin Schlag and Melé Domènec, eds., A Catholic Spirituality for Business: The Logic of Gift William J. Hisker Richard S. Vosko, Art and Architecture for Congregational Worship: The Search for a Common Ground Andrew Julo Jeremy D. Wilkins, Before Truth: Lonergan, Aquinas, and the Problem of Wisdom Jeremy Blackwood Curtis Paul DeYoung, et.al, Becoming Like Creoles: Living and Leading at the Intersections of Injustice, Culture, and Religion Ramon Luzarraga Christiana Zenner, Just Water: Theology, Ethics, and Fresh Water Crises. Rev. Ed. James W. Stroud 218
Theological Encyclopaedia and Methodology
Author: George Richard Crooks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bible
Languages : en
Pages : 646
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bible
Languages : en
Pages : 646
Book Description
Reenvisioning Christian Ethics
Author: Darryl W. Stephens
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039283944
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Christian ethics is a wide and varied field; so diverse are the methods and approaches, theological perspectives and starting points, and scopes of inquiry and purposes—dare we even call it a discipline?—that the field is rarely considered as a whole. Christian ethics includes historical, descriptive, critical, constructive, and applied projects on countless topics. Lending creative energy to this field of study are a range of partner disciplines, including, most prominently, theology, philosophy, and sociology, each containing multiple schools themselves. To envision the entire field of Christian ethics is a difficult task; to reenvision the entire field may perhaps be impossible for one person. Thus, this publication includes original research by multiple scholars, each offering a distinct perspective from their primary partner discipline. Chapters include Roman Catholic and Protestant voices from Europe, Asia, and North America. In aggregate, these writings contribute to a composite reenvisioning of Christian ethics, refracting our collective vision through the prisms of diverse academic and methodological perspectives in this vast field of inquiry, study, and practice.
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039283944
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Christian ethics is a wide and varied field; so diverse are the methods and approaches, theological perspectives and starting points, and scopes of inquiry and purposes—dare we even call it a discipline?—that the field is rarely considered as a whole. Christian ethics includes historical, descriptive, critical, constructive, and applied projects on countless topics. Lending creative energy to this field of study are a range of partner disciplines, including, most prominently, theology, philosophy, and sociology, each containing multiple schools themselves. To envision the entire field of Christian ethics is a difficult task; to reenvision the entire field may perhaps be impossible for one person. Thus, this publication includes original research by multiple scholars, each offering a distinct perspective from their primary partner discipline. Chapters include Roman Catholic and Protestant voices from Europe, Asia, and North America. In aggregate, these writings contribute to a composite reenvisioning of Christian ethics, refracting our collective vision through the prisms of diverse academic and methodological perspectives in this vast field of inquiry, study, and practice.
Theological Exegesis in the Canonical Context
Author: Chen Xun
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9781433109553
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Book Description
Modern Christian theology has been problematic with the schism between the Bible and theology, and between biblical studies and systematic theology. Brevard Springs Childs is one of those biblical scholars who dismiss this «iron curtain» separating the two disciplines. Theological Exegesis in the Canonical Context: Brevard Springs Childs's Methodology of Biblical Theology analyzes Childs's concept of theological exegesis in the biblical canons. Childs disregards negative influences of the historical-critical method by establishing canon-based theological exegesis that leads into confessional biblical theology. He demonstrates forcefully the inadequacies of the historical-critical method in practicing biblical theology. His canonical approach establishes post-critical Christian biblical theology and works within the traditional framework of faith seeking understanding. Childs's biblical theology has a double task: descriptive and constructive, the former connects biblical theology with exegesis, the latter with dogmatics. He uses a comprehensive model that combines a thematic investigation of the essential theological contents of the Bible with a systematic analysis of the contents of the Christian faith. Childs's theological exegesis in the canonical context offers a new interpretation in the modern history of Christian theology.
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9781433109553
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 328
Book Description
Modern Christian theology has been problematic with the schism between the Bible and theology, and between biblical studies and systematic theology. Brevard Springs Childs is one of those biblical scholars who dismiss this «iron curtain» separating the two disciplines. Theological Exegesis in the Canonical Context: Brevard Springs Childs's Methodology of Biblical Theology analyzes Childs's concept of theological exegesis in the biblical canons. Childs disregards negative influences of the historical-critical method by establishing canon-based theological exegesis that leads into confessional biblical theology. He demonstrates forcefully the inadequacies of the historical-critical method in practicing biblical theology. His canonical approach establishes post-critical Christian biblical theology and works within the traditional framework of faith seeking understanding. Childs's biblical theology has a double task: descriptive and constructive, the former connects biblical theology with exegesis, the latter with dogmatics. He uses a comprehensive model that combines a thematic investigation of the essential theological contents of the Bible with a systematic analysis of the contents of the Christian faith. Childs's theological exegesis in the canonical context offers a new interpretation in the modern history of Christian theology.
A Church with Open Doors
Author: Richard R. Gaillardetz
Publisher: Liturgical Press
ISBN: 0814683045
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Catholic ecclesiology stands at the threshold of a new moment in the reception of the Second Vatican Council. The election of Pope Francis- coinciding with the fiftieth anniversary of the council-has inspired a fresh consideration of its teaching in such diverse areas as ecumenism, inculturation, missiology, and ministry. The chapters in this volume have their origin in a special symposium honoring the ecclesiological legacy of Thomas F. O'Meara, OP. The symposium called together over forty leading North American scholars in order to discuss the future of Catholic theological reflection on the church-a conversation that offers an entry into some of the most pressing issues in ecclesiology today.
Publisher: Liturgical Press
ISBN: 0814683045
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Catholic ecclesiology stands at the threshold of a new moment in the reception of the Second Vatican Council. The election of Pope Francis- coinciding with the fiftieth anniversary of the council-has inspired a fresh consideration of its teaching in such diverse areas as ecumenism, inculturation, missiology, and ministry. The chapters in this volume have their origin in a special symposium honoring the ecclesiological legacy of Thomas F. O'Meara, OP. The symposium called together over forty leading North American scholars in order to discuss the future of Catholic theological reflection on the church-a conversation that offers an entry into some of the most pressing issues in ecclesiology today.
Global Catholicism
Author: Bryan T Froehle
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 900470003X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
Global Catholicism: Between Disruption and Encounter opens the Studies in Global Catholicism series with an examination of a worldwide religious institution that up to now has been more globally extensive than truly globalized. It explores the world historical and theological meaning of de-Europeanization with church data by world region. Readers get an in-depth look at the institutional and theological capacity and limits of the cosmopolitan reality of today’s Catholic Church. Its integrated perspective, grounded in cultural and political history together with an ecclesiology of post-Vatican II Catholicism, offers a new way to approach today’s emerging post-colonial, inter-cultural Global Catholicism as centuries-old trajectories are disrupted and pressing new realities demand original responses.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 900470003X
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
Global Catholicism: Between Disruption and Encounter opens the Studies in Global Catholicism series with an examination of a worldwide religious institution that up to now has been more globally extensive than truly globalized. It explores the world historical and theological meaning of de-Europeanization with church data by world region. Readers get an in-depth look at the institutional and theological capacity and limits of the cosmopolitan reality of today’s Catholic Church. Its integrated perspective, grounded in cultural and political history together with an ecclesiology of post-Vatican II Catholicism, offers a new way to approach today’s emerging post-colonial, inter-cultural Global Catholicism as centuries-old trajectories are disrupted and pressing new realities demand original responses.
How to Think Theologically
Author: Howard W. Stone
Publisher: Fortress Press
ISBN: 1506490182
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 203
Book Description
Decades of use and refinement have solidified the place of How to Think Theologically as the indispensable guide to helping students of theology realize their call to be theologians. By focusing not on thinkers or thoughts, but on thinking, Stone and Duke induct readers into those habits of mind that lead to understanding all things--social, cultural, and personal--in relation to God. The new edition includes: Expansions of existing chapters An annotated bibliography of recommended reading An appendix of theological labels An expanded glossary Key points highlighted in call-outs throughout Updated case studies Discussion questions Both experienced teachers and beginning students will benefit from Stone and Duke's latest revision of their classic text.
Publisher: Fortress Press
ISBN: 1506490182
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 203
Book Description
Decades of use and refinement have solidified the place of How to Think Theologically as the indispensable guide to helping students of theology realize their call to be theologians. By focusing not on thinkers or thoughts, but on thinking, Stone and Duke induct readers into those habits of mind that lead to understanding all things--social, cultural, and personal--in relation to God. The new edition includes: Expansions of existing chapters An annotated bibliography of recommended reading An appendix of theological labels An expanded glossary Key points highlighted in call-outs throughout Updated case studies Discussion questions Both experienced teachers and beginning students will benefit from Stone and Duke's latest revision of their classic text.
Baptist Theology
Author: James Leo Garrett
Publisher: Mercer University Press
ISBN: 9780881461299
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 776
Book Description
This title offers a comprehensive analysis of Baptist theology. Embracing in one common trajectory the major Baptist confessions of faith, the major Baptist theologians, and the principal Baptist theological movements and controversies, this book spans four centuries of Baptist doctrinal history. Acknowledging first the pre-1609 roots (patristic, medieval, and Reformational) of Baptist theology, it examines the Arminian versus Calvinist issues that were first expressed by the General Baptists and the Particular Baptists; that dominated English and American Baptist theology during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries from Helwys and Smyth and from Bunyan and Kiffin to Gill, Fuller, Backus, and Boyce; and, that were quickened by the 'awakenings' and the missionary movement. Concurrently there were the Baptist defense of the Baptist distinctives vis-a-vis the pedobaptist world and the unfolding of a strong Baptist confessional tradition. Then during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the liberal versus evangelical issues became dominant with Hovey, Strong, Rauschenbusch, and Henry in the North and Mullins, Conner, Hobbs, and Criswell in the South even as a distinctive Baptist Landmarkism developed, the discipline of biblical theology was practiced and a structured ecumenism was pursued. Missiology both impacted Baptist theology and took it to all the continents, where it became increasingly indigenous. Conscious that Baptists belong to the free churches and to the believers' churches, a new generation of Baptist theologians at the advent of the twenty-first century appears somewhat more Calvinist than Arminian and decidedly more evangelical than liberal.
Publisher: Mercer University Press
ISBN: 9780881461299
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 776
Book Description
This title offers a comprehensive analysis of Baptist theology. Embracing in one common trajectory the major Baptist confessions of faith, the major Baptist theologians, and the principal Baptist theological movements and controversies, this book spans four centuries of Baptist doctrinal history. Acknowledging first the pre-1609 roots (patristic, medieval, and Reformational) of Baptist theology, it examines the Arminian versus Calvinist issues that were first expressed by the General Baptists and the Particular Baptists; that dominated English and American Baptist theology during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries from Helwys and Smyth and from Bunyan and Kiffin to Gill, Fuller, Backus, and Boyce; and, that were quickened by the 'awakenings' and the missionary movement. Concurrently there were the Baptist defense of the Baptist distinctives vis-a-vis the pedobaptist world and the unfolding of a strong Baptist confessional tradition. Then during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the liberal versus evangelical issues became dominant with Hovey, Strong, Rauschenbusch, and Henry in the North and Mullins, Conner, Hobbs, and Criswell in the South even as a distinctive Baptist Landmarkism developed, the discipline of biblical theology was practiced and a structured ecumenism was pursued. Missiology both impacted Baptist theology and took it to all the continents, where it became increasingly indigenous. Conscious that Baptists belong to the free churches and to the believers' churches, a new generation of Baptist theologians at the advent of the twenty-first century appears somewhat more Calvinist than Arminian and decidedly more evangelical than liberal.