Breeding Parameters and Selection Methods for the Improvement of Wheat End-use Quality PDF Download
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Author: Carl Alan Walker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Author: Carl Alan Walker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Author: Emily Elizabeth Delorean
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Wheat accounts for 20% of daily caloric intake of the world population and has one of the widest cultivation distributions of any crop. With increasing demand for both quantity and quality, wheat yields must increase while also maintaining acceptable end-use quality. However, measuring end-use quality is complex, requires large volumes grain and significant effort. The overarching goal of this dissertation research was to develop genetic and genomic tools to facilitate breeding for end-use quality in wheat. Building on initial work with genomic prediction of wheat quality, we continued application of genomic prediction models to the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) wheat breeding program. For practical application in the breeding program to advance selection, we focused on forward prediction in each cycle of the bread wheat program. Models were built on 12 years of past data including over 18,000 entries with quality data. Predictions for 10,000 yield trial lines were generated each year for selection, with forward prediction accuracies of 0.40 to 0.73, and approached heritability. This is one of the largest scale applications of genomic selection. We also studied the interaction of climate change and the important quality genes, high-molecular weight glutenins (HMW-GS) and low-molecular weight glutenins (HMW-GS). A diverse panel of 54 CIMMYT wheat varieties were grown in 2 levels of drought stress, heat stress and optimal growth conditions. Quality traits, HMW-GS and LMW-GS alleles were measured. We fit a mixed linear model for each quality trait with HMW-GS, LMW-GS, environment, and the interactions of those as predictors. Overall, the superior glutenin alleles either maintained or increased quality in stressful environments. This work confirmed that superior alleles should always be selected for, regardless of target environment. To increase the genetic diversity for wheat quality, we analyzed Glu-D1 gene diversity on the wheat D genome donor, Aegilops tauschii. We constructed Glu-D1 molecular haplotypes from sequence data of 234 Ae. tauschii accessions and found 15 subclades and over 45 haplotypes, representing immense gene diversity. We found evidence that the 5+10 allele originated from a newly described Lineage 3 of Ae. tauschii, further supporting that this unique lineage contributed to modern bread wheat. We also observed rare recombinant haplotypes between the x and y subunits of any HMW-GS locus. This work will facilitate incorporation of Ae. tauschii Glu-D1 alleles into modern wheat. Given that certain HMW-GS alleles are highly desirable, we set out to develop a high-throughput, high resolution genotyping method for HMW-GS alleles that would fit within genotyping already done for genomic prediction models. This 'sequence based genotyping' approach uses diagnostic k-mers developed to predict alleles in skim-sequenced breeding material. Prediction accuracies for Glu-D1 and Glu-A1 were very good, but lower for the Glu-B1 alleles where many alleles are highly related. Overall, SBG offers a high throughput method to call alleles from existing data. These genetic and genomic tools developed and implemented for end-use quality selection in wheat offer promising resources for continued improvement of both yield and quality in wheat breeding.
Author: Conxita Royo
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482277883
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 571
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Book Description
Is your knowledge about this important grain crop up to date? This comprehensive two-volume resource reviews the latest advances in scientific and technical knowledge for durum wheat breeding. With a scope of coverage that includes genetics and molecular biology, plant and crop physiology, and breeding strategies and methodology, Dur
Author: Conxita Royo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Durum wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 598
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Book Description
Author: A.B. Blakeney
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780977502943
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Gilberto Igrejas
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030341631
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 557
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Book Description
Wheat Quality for Improving Processing and Human Health brings together an international group of leading wheat scientists to outline highly relevant and diverse aspects and the latest advances in understanding of the world’s most consumed cereal. Topics covered include LMW glutenins, starch-related proteins, and the impact of processing on composition and consumer health. Individual chapters focus on important factors such as FODMAPs, protein structure, dough viscoelasticity and fumonisins. The environmental effects on allergen content are comprehensively covered, as are phenolic compounds and molecular markers. The major quality screening tools and genetic resources are reviewed in depth. Gluten is a major focus of this work with chapters dedicated to health effects, analytical methods and standards, proteomics and mutant proteins. Starting in 2015, wheat quality scientists from across the globe have united to develop the Expert Working Group for Improving Wheat Quality for Processing and Health under the umbrella of the Wheat Initiative. This joint effort provides a framework to establish strategic research and organisation priorities for wheat research at the international level in both developed and developing countries. This Expert Working Group aims to maintain and improve wheat quality for processing and health under varying environmental conditions. The Group focuses on a broad range of wheat quality issues including seed proteins, carbohydrates, nutrition quality and micronutrient content, grain processing and food safety. Bioactive compounds are also considered, both those with negative effects such as allergens and mycotoxins, and those with positive effects such as antioxidants and fibre. The Group also works in the development of germplasm sets and other tools that promote wheat quality research. Wheat quality specialists working on the wheat value chain, and nutritionists will find this book a useful resource to increase and update their knowledge of wheat quality, nutrition and health issues.
Author: Maarten van Ginkel
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9706480021
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Author: Brett F. Carver
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0813819237
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 615
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Book Description
Wheat: Science and Trade is an up-to-date, comprehensive reference work designed to expand the current body of knowledge on this staple crop, incorporating new information made available by genetic advances, improvements in the understanding of wheat's biology, and changes in the wheat trade industry. Covering phylogeny and ontogeny, manipulation of the environment and optimal management, genetic improvement, and utilization and commercialization, the book focuses on the most economically significant diseases and impacts
Author: Lakhwinder S Randhawa
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781560221012
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
Learn to identify, modify, and manipulate the genes controlling key quality traits in field crops! This informative book provides state-of-the-art information on improving nutritional quality as well as yield volume in field crops such as wheat, maize, rice, barley, oats, lentils, pigeon peas, soybeans, cool season legumes, and crops whose seeds are used to make oils. With contributions from leading authorities in the field, this book will bring you up to date on the uses of agronomic management, conventional plant breeding, and modern biotechnologies in improving the quality of important food, feed, and fiber products. Quality Improvement in Field Crops examines: factors that impact the end-use quality of wheat and ways to improve wheat’s quality for milling and baking agronomic practices that impact the quality of maize ways to improve the nutritional value of rice and legumes techniques for using molecular markers to improve the quality of lentil crops breeding methods that can improve the quality of the oils derived from oilseed crops protein quality/sulfur metabolism in soybeans and much more! This book is dedicated to the World Food Laureate (the equivalent of the Nobel Prize for food scientists), Dr. G. S. Khush--the father of the Green Revolution in rice farming--in recognition of his tremendous contributions to global food and nutritional security for the world?s population.
Author: Asif M. Iqbal Qureshi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030046095
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
Development of superior crops that have consistent performance in quality and in quantity has not received the same emphasis in the field of genetics and breeding as merited. Specialty trait requires special focus to propagate. Yet basic germplasm and breeding methodologies optimized to improve crops are often applied in the development of improved specialty types. However, because of the standards required for specialty traits, methods of development and improvement are usually more complex than those for common commodity crops. The same standards of performance are desired, but the genetics of the specialty traits often impose breeding criteria distinct from those of non-specialty possessing crops. Specifically, quality improvement programs have unique characteristics that require careful handling and monitoring during their development for specific needs. Adding value either via alternative products from the large volumes of grain produced or development of specialty types is of interest to producers and processors. This work assimilates the most topical results about quality improvement with contemporary plant breeding approaches.The objective of this book is to provide a summary of the germplasm, methods of development, and specific problems involved for quality breeding. In total, fourteen chapters, written by leading scientists involved in crop improvement research, provide comprehensive coverage of the major factors impacting specialty crop improvement.
