Brain vs Retina - Differences and Commonalities: The Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases PDF Download
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Author: Jose Hurst
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832520251
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
Oxidative stress, free radicals, antioxidants - when it comes to our health, this topic is taking up more and more attention. But what is oxidative stress, how does it arise and what effects does it have on the most sensitive area of our body: the neuronal tissue or the retina. Many neurological diseases affecting the brain or the retina are associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High levels of ROS can cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes, and organelles such as mitochondria, and can be caused not only by external stimuli but also by aging. Most theories on the aging scenario assume that cumulative oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage. Therefore, it is not surprising that excess ROS is among others associated with the development of a variety of age-related neuronal diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as retinal diseases diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular (AMD) degeneration. The aim of this Research Topic is to answer open questions, to combine already gained knowledge, to close the gaps between ophthalmology and neurology when it comes to oxidative stress in order to understand the underlying pathways and derive innovative therapies. It searches for the updates and new findings in both fields that answer the central question: are the same cell types affected by oxidative stress in the same way in the brain and retina? Experimental studies or patient studies that provide new insights are welcome, as well as studies that investigate antioxidant therapies.
Author: Jose Hurst
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832520251
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 109
Get Book Here
Book Description
Oxidative stress, free radicals, antioxidants - when it comes to our health, this topic is taking up more and more attention. But what is oxidative stress, how does it arise and what effects does it have on the most sensitive area of our body: the neuronal tissue or the retina. Many neurological diseases affecting the brain or the retina are associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High levels of ROS can cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes, and organelles such as mitochondria, and can be caused not only by external stimuli but also by aging. Most theories on the aging scenario assume that cumulative oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage. Therefore, it is not surprising that excess ROS is among others associated with the development of a variety of age-related neuronal diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as retinal diseases diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular (AMD) degeneration. The aim of this Research Topic is to answer open questions, to combine already gained knowledge, to close the gaps between ophthalmology and neurology when it comes to oxidative stress in order to understand the underlying pathways and derive innovative therapies. It searches for the updates and new findings in both fields that answer the central question: are the same cell types affected by oxidative stress in the same way in the brain and retina? Experimental studies or patient studies that provide new insights are welcome, as well as studies that investigate antioxidant therapies.
Author: G. Ali Qureshi
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080489494
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 795
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Book Description
Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders. * Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders* Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems
Author: Yuan Luo
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420026559
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 536
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Book Description
Despite the progress being made by researchers, Alzheimer's disease, along with other age-related neurodegenerative disorders, continues to exact a tremendous toll on our society. However, we are beginning to see a relationship that ties degenerative disorders to oxidative stress and lifestyle, suggesting the possibility for prevention and interven
Author: Ismail Laher
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642300172
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The focus of this collection of illustrated reviews is to discuss the systems biology of free radicals and anti-oxidants. Free radical induced cellular damage in a variety of tissues and organs is reviewed, with detailed discussion of molecular and cellular mechanisms. The collection is aimed at those new to the field, as well as clinicians and scientists with long standing interests in free radical biology. A feature of this collection is that the material also brings insights into various diseases where free radicals are thought to play a role. There is extensive discussion of the success and limitations of the use of antioxidants in several clinical settings.
Author: Michael Kinter
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471231886
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
How to design, execute, and interpret experiments for protein sequencing using mass spectrometry The rapid expansion of searchable protein and DNA databases in recent years has triggered an explosive growth in the application of mass spectrometry to protein sequencing. This timely and authoritative book provides professionals and scientists in biotechnology research with complete coverage of procedures for analyzing protein sequences by mass spectrometry, including step-by-step guidelines for sample preparation, analysis, and data interpretation. Michael Kinter and Nicholas Sherman present their own high-quality, laboratory-tested protocols for the analysis of a wide variety of samples, demonstrating how to carry out specific experiments and obtain fast, reliable results with a 99% success rate. Readers will get sufficient experimental detail to apply in their own laboratories, learn about the proper selection and operation of instruments, and gain essential insight into the fundamental principles of mass spectrometry and protein sequencing. Coverage includes: * Peptide fragmentation and interpretation of product ion spectra * Basic polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis * Preparation of protein digests for sequencing experiments * Mass spectrometric analysis using capillary liquid chromatography * Techniques for protein identification by database searches * Characterization of modified peptides using tandem mass spectrometry And much more
Author: Shamim I. Ahmad
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406536
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 421
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Book Description
The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.
Author: Leopold Flohé
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402060513
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
This book contains a broad survey on the peroxiredoxins. It involves almost all groups that contributed significant insights into the emerging field. Coverage discusses the diverse biological roles of the new protein family in the context of other antioxidant systems like those based on heme or selenium catalysis. In addition, the book highlights related future perspectives.
Author: R. V. Bensasson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Excited states and free radicals are involved in the normal physiology of living systems, in pathological processes (including lipid peroxidation, inflammation, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and aging), in the mechanisms of drug action, and in the photochemotherapies such as the PUVA therapy for skin diseases and PDT for cancer. This text introduces the reader to this rapidly expanding field, one that lies at the borderlines of physics, chemistry, biology, pharmacology, and medicine. The authors explore in particular how time-resolved spectroscopic methods have found solutions at the molecular level to biological and medical problems. Topics include the nature of excited states and free radicals and the techniques for their study, activated oxygen species, DNA, proteins, carotenoids and photosynthetic reaction centers, photodermatology and melanogenesis, and aspects of cancer related to radio-, chemo-, and photodynamic therapy. Researchers and graduate students in photochemistry, photobiology, photomedicine, radiation chemistry and biology, and cancer therapies will find this book to be of very significant interest.
Author: Matthew M. LaVail
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406315
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 867
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Book Description
This book will contain the proceedings of the XIV International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD2010), held July 13-17, 2010, in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, Canada. The volume will present representative state-of-the-art research in almost all areas of retinal degenerations, ranging from cytopathologic, physiologic, diagnostic and clinical aspects; animal models; mechanisms of cell death; candidate genes, cloning, mapping and other aspects of molecular genetics; and developing potential therapeutic measures such as gene therapy and neuroprotective agents for potential pharmaceutical therapy.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210089
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.
