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Author: Martin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197699979
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Rising consumer demand for fresh fruits and vegetables has led to the employment of five million Mexican-born workers on North American farms during a typical year. The migration of Mexican workers within and from Mexico has implications for North American agriculture, labor, and economic development. For instance, the guest worker systems of Canada and the US allow Mexican workers to earn five times more in six months than they could earn in a year at home, fueling the construction of trophy homes in rural Mexico but not necessarily spurring economic development. The expansion of export agriculture encourages internal migration from south-to-north within Mexico, which moves migrants to areas that offer higher wages but may subject some migrants to exploitation. In Bracero 2.0, Philip Martin draws on decades of research and experience to explore the role of rural Mexicans in North American agriculture, as well as the implications for farm employers and farm workers, consumers, and the economies of North America. Martin assesses the historical and current demand for and supply of farm labor and the operation of farm labor markets in Canada, Mexico, and the US. He also uses statistical and survey data to provide the most reliable portrait of the five million people who work for wages on North American farms and explores alternatives to US farm workers in major fruits and vegetables, showing how changing consumer preferences can speed or slow mechanization. Bracero 2.0 concludes with options to improve protections for farm workers, highlighting the need for systems that ensure continuous labor law compliance--as with food safety--rather than compliance only for government or private audits.
Author: Martin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197699979
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 313
Get Book Here
Book Description
Rising consumer demand for fresh fruits and vegetables has led to the employment of five million Mexican-born workers on North American farms during a typical year. The migration of Mexican workers within and from Mexico has implications for North American agriculture, labor, and economic development. For instance, the guest worker systems of Canada and the US allow Mexican workers to earn five times more in six months than they could earn in a year at home, fueling the construction of trophy homes in rural Mexico but not necessarily spurring economic development. The expansion of export agriculture encourages internal migration from south-to-north within Mexico, which moves migrants to areas that offer higher wages but may subject some migrants to exploitation. In Bracero 2.0, Philip Martin draws on decades of research and experience to explore the role of rural Mexicans in North American agriculture, as well as the implications for farm employers and farm workers, consumers, and the economies of North America. Martin assesses the historical and current demand for and supply of farm labor and the operation of farm labor markets in Canada, Mexico, and the US. He also uses statistical and survey data to provide the most reliable portrait of the five million people who work for wages on North American farms and explores alternatives to US farm workers in major fruits and vegetables, showing how changing consumer preferences can speed or slow mechanization. Bracero 2.0 concludes with options to improve protections for farm workers, highlighting the need for systems that ensure continuous labor law compliance--as with food safety--rather than compliance only for government or private audits.
Author: Deborah Cohen
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 0807899674
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
At the beginning of World War II, the United States and Mexico launched the bracero program, a series of labor agreements that brought Mexican men to work temporarily in U.S. agricultural fields. In Braceros, Deborah Cohen asks why these migrants provoked so much concern and anxiety in the United States and what the Mexican government expected to gain in participating in the program. Cohen creatively links the often-unconnected themes of exploitation, development, the rise of consumer cultures, and gendered class and race formation to show why those with connections beyond the nation have historically provoked suspicion, anxiety, and retaliatory political policies.
Author: Erasmo Gamboa
Publisher: University of Washington Press
ISBN: 9780295978499
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
A study of the bracero program during World War II. It describes the labor history of Mexican and Chicano workers in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. It analyses the ways in which Braceros were active agents of their own lives. It also describes the living and working conditions in migrant farm camps.
Author: Dr. Ana Elizabeth Rosas
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520958659
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Structured to meet employers’ needs for low-wage farm workers, the well-known Bracero Program recruited thousands of Mexicans to perform physical labor in the United States between 1942 and 1964 in exchange for remittances sent back to Mexico. As partners and family members were dispersed across national borders, interpersonal relationships were transformed. The prolonged absences of Mexican workers, mostly men, forced women and children at home to inhabit new roles, create new identities, and cope with long-distance communication from fathers, brothers, and sons. Drawing on an extraordinary range of sources, Ana Elizabeth Rosas uncovers a previously hidden history of transnational family life. Intimate and personal experiences are revealed to show how Mexican immigrants and their families were not passive victims but instead found ways to embrace the spirit (abrazando el espíritu) of making and implementing difficult decisions concerning their family situations—creating new forms of affection, gender roles, and economic survival strategies with long-term consequences.
Author: Mireya Loza
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
In this book, Mireya Loza sheds new light on the private lives of migrant men who participated in the Bracero Program (1942–1964), a binational agreement between the United States and Mexico that allowed hundreds of thousands of Mexican workers to enter this country on temporary work permits. While this program and the issue of temporary workers has long been politicized on both sides of the border, Loza argues that the prevailing romanticized image of braceros as a family-oriented, productive, legal workforce has obscured the real, diverse experiences of the workers themselves. Focusing on underexplored aspects of workers' lives--such as their transnational union-organizing efforts, the sexual economies of both hetero and queer workers, and the ethno-racial boundaries among Mexican indigenous braceros--Loza reveals how these men defied perceived political, sexual, and racial norms. Basing her work on an archive of more than 800 oral histories from the United States and Mexico, Loza is the first scholar to carefully differentiate between the experiences of mestizo guest workers and the many Mixtec, Zapotec, Purhepecha, and Mayan laborers. In doing so, she captures the myriad ways these defiant workers responded to the intense discrimination and exploitation of an unjust system that still persists today.
Author: Ronald Mize
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1442604093
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Mexican migration to the United States and Canada is a highly contentious issue in the eyes of many North Americans, and every generation seems to construct the northward flow of labor as a brand new social problem. The history of Mexican labor migration to the United States, from the Bracero Program (1942-1964) to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), suggests that Mexicans have been actively encouraged to migrate northward when labor markets are in short supply, only to be turned back during economic downturns. In this timely book, Mize and Swords dissect the social relations that define how corporations, consumers, and states involve Mexican immigrant laborers in the politics of production and consumption. The result is a comprehensive and contemporary look at the increasingly important role that Mexican immigrants play in the North American economy.
Author: Kitty Calavita
Publisher: Quid Pro Books
ISBN: 1610270010
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
A socio-political study of the rise and fall of the Bracero worker program and what it means for immigration policy and organizational theory. A classic book with continuing substantive and methodological value. As a new Foreword notes, worries about immigration and labor persist, as does basic dysfunction of the present form of INS. Digging deeper reveals the persistence of a structural catch-22.The digital edition features quality formatting, scaled tables, linked notes, active TOC, and even a fully linked subject-matter index.
Author: Andrew J. Hazelton
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780252044632
Category : Migrant agricultural laborers
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Introduction: "The Stepchildren of Labor" -- The Rise and Decline of Farmworker Unionism, 1934-46 -- Dominant Growers, Futile Organizing, 1946-51 -- Permanent Guestworkers, Struggling Union, 1951-54 -- Border Fantasies: Immigration and Cross-Border Organizing, 1948-55 -- Union Advocacy, Rising Liberalism, Indifferent Labor, 1955-59 -- Dying Union, Rising Movement, 1959-66 -- Conclusion: "Some Other Prophet".
Author: Ronald L. Mize
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 1498517811
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
As the first and largest guestworker program, the U.S.–Mexico Bracero Program (1942–1964) codified the unequal relations of labor migration between the two nations. This book interrogates the articulations of race and class in the making of the Bracero Program by introducing new syntheses of sociological theories and methods to center the experiences and recollections of former Braceros and their families.
Author: Grace Chang
Publisher: Haymarket Books
ISBN: 1608465292
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
The book that “has helped to make transnational analyses of reproductive labor central to our understanding of race and gender in the twenty-first century” (Angela Y. Davis, author of Freedom Is a Constant Struggle). Illegal. Unamerican. Disposable. In a nation with an unprecedented history of immigration, the prevailing image of those who cross our borders in search of equal opportunity is that of a drain. Grace Chang’s vital account of immigrant women—who work as nannies, domestic workers, janitors, nursing aides, and homecare workers—proves just the opposite: the women who perform our least desirable jobs are the most crucial to our economy and society. Disposable Domestics highlights the unrewarded work immigrant women perform as caregivers, cleaners, and servers and shows how these women are actively resisting the exploitation they face. “As timely and relevant now as it was when it was first written . . . reveals a long history of collusion between the U.S. government, the IMF and World Bank, corporations, and private employers to create and maintain a super-exploited, low-wage, female labor force of caregivers and cleaners.” —Robin D. G. Kelley, author of Hammer and Hoe “Grace Chang’s nuanced analysis of our immigration policy and the devastating consequences of global capitalism captures the experiences of poor immigrant women of color. Disposable Domestics reveals how these women, servicing the economy as domestics, nannies, maids, and janitors, are vilified by politicians and the media.” —Mary Romero, author of The Maid’s Daughter “Refusing to segregate people, places, or processes, Disposable Domestics reorganizes our capacity to think powerfully about the world in which the struggle for social justice is too often imperiled by certain kinds of partiality.” —Ruth Wilson Gilmore, author of Change Everything
