Bacterial Chemotaxis as a Model Behavioral System PDF Download
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Author: Daniel Koshland
Publisher: Raven Press (ID)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Brief description of the system. The receptors. Repertoire of receptors. Plasticity of the cell. Location of receptors. Receptor theory. Transmission of information from the receptor to the signaling system. Multiple functions of receptors. Membrane potential as a receptor signal. The motor apparatus. Structure and energy source. Flagellar rotation and bacterial tumbling. The processing system. The behavioral response. Bacterial memory and the response regulator model. Information from nonchemotactic mutants in regard to the processing system. Optimization of the memory time. Complexity of the processing system. The reversible methylation system. The sensing switch. Relation of proton motive force to motor reversal. Integration of responses to multiple stimuli. Override effects. Gene product interactions. Adaptation. Observations of adaptation in psychophysics. The weber-fechner law. A molecular mechanism for the weber-fechner law. Application of molecular mechanism to the visual system. Immediate adaptive response to a stimulus. Heredity, environment, and chance. Bacteria and higher behavior. Relationships between simple and complex behavior. Cell biochemistry applied to abnormal behavior.
Author: Daniel Koshland
Publisher: Raven Press (ID)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Get Book Here
Book Description
Brief description of the system. The receptors. Repertoire of receptors. Plasticity of the cell. Location of receptors. Receptor theory. Transmission of information from the receptor to the signaling system. Multiple functions of receptors. Membrane potential as a receptor signal. The motor apparatus. Structure and energy source. Flagellar rotation and bacterial tumbling. The processing system. The behavioral response. Bacterial memory and the response regulator model. Information from nonchemotactic mutants in regard to the processing system. Optimization of the memory time. Complexity of the processing system. The reversible methylation system. The sensing switch. Relation of proton motive force to motor reversal. Integration of responses to multiple stimuli. Override effects. Gene product interactions. Adaptation. Observations of adaptation in psychophysics. The weber-fechner law. A molecular mechanism for the weber-fechner law. Application of molecular mechanism to the visual system. Immediate adaptive response to a stimulus. Heredity, environment, and chance. Bacteria and higher behavior. Relationships between simple and complex behavior. Cell biochemistry applied to abnormal behavior.
Author: Julian W.T. Wimpenny
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849329746
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
These volumes present the main classes of useful laboratory model systems used to study microbial ecosystems, with emphasis on the practical details for the use of each model. The most commonly used model, the homogeneous fermenter, is featured along with linked homogeneous culture systems, film fermenters, and percolating columns. Additionally, gel-stabilized culture systems which incorporate molecular diffusion as their main solute transfer mechanism and the microbial colony are explained. Chapters comparing model systems with "microcosms" are included, along with discussions of the value of computer models in microbial ecosystem research. Highlighted is a global discussion of the value of laboratory models in microbial ecology.
Author: Donat P. Hader
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849302398
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
Automatic image analysis has become an important tool in many fields of biology, medicine, and other sciences. Since the first edition of Image Analysis: Methods and Applications, the development of both software and hardware technology has undergone quantum leaps. For example, specific mathematical filters have been developed for quality enhancement of original images and for extraction of specific features of interest. Also, more complex programs have been developed for the analysis of object forms in distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissue cells. Just as significant, three-dimensional analysis of proteins, organelles, or macroscopic objects is even more complex. In addition, recent space-based experiments have optimized techniques for the extraction of movement parameters of numerous motile objects. The second edition of Image Analysis: Methods and Applications addresses all these new developments. Moreover, two new chapters have been added. One focuses on images on the internet, and the other discusses microscope image restoration. These chapters add significantly to the existing body of information on Internet communication protocol and environment as well as to that on image file formats considerations. The materials also include a list of internet Web sites that pertain to digital images and software along with those that relate to image processing. With these considerations in mind, Image Analysis: Methods and Application, Second Edition is of incalculable value to professionals, academics, and users of all aspects of image analysis in biology and other areas of science.
Author: Mark A. Lewis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642354971
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
Dispersal of plants and animals is one of the most fascinating subjects in ecology. It has long been recognized as an important factor affecting ecosystem dynamics. Dispersal is apparently a phenomenon of biological origin; however, because of its complexity, it cannot be studied comprehensively by biological methods alone. Deeper insights into dispersal properties and implications require interdisciplinary approaches involving biologists, ecologists and mathematicians. The purpose of this book is to provide a forum for researches with different backgrounds and expertise and to ensure further advances in the study of dispersal and spatial ecology. This book is unique in its attempt to give an overview of dispersal studies across different spatial scales, such as the scale of individual movement, the population scale and the scale of communities and ecosystems. It is written by top-level experts in the field of dispersal modeling and covers a wide range of problems ranging from the identification of Levy walks in animal movement to the implications of dispersal on an evolutionary timescale.
Author: Tino Krell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319505404
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 585
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Book Description
This book assembles concisely written chapters by world-leaders in the field summarizing recent advances in understanding microbial responses to hydrocarbons. Subjects treated include mechanisms of sensing, hydrocarbon tolerance and degradation as well as an overview on hydrophobic modification of biomolecules. Other chapters are dedicated to issues related to the reduced bioavailability of hydrocarbons, which differentiates this class of compounds form many others, but which of central importance to understand the ecophysiological consequences. This book should be standard literature in any laboratory working in this area.
Author: Istvan Fendrik
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364279906X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 546
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Book Description
Azospirillum is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium used for inoculation of cereal and forage crops. The book covers its physiology, ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. The most advanced molecular techniques to understand the regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen fixation and ammonia assimilation, as well as the basis of phytohormone production, are included. In particular, the identification of novel types of promoters, specific regulatory circuits, and new regulatory proteins is described. New insights in the plant growth promoting role of the bacteria through the analysis of their interactions with the plant are presented. Also discussed are field applications, allowing the evaluation of the physiological and agronomic involvement of Azospirillum inoculations.
Author: Larry L. Barton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387271252
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 833
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Book Description
For several decades, bacteria have served as model systems to describe the life p- cesses of growth and metabolism. In addition, it is well recognized that prokaryotes have contributed greatly to the many advances in the areas of ecology, evolution, and biotechnology. This understanding of microorganisms is based on studies of members from both theBacteria andArchaea domains. With each issue of the various scienti?c publications, new characteristics of prokaryotic cells are being reported and it is - portant to place these insights in the context of the appropriate physiological processes. Structural and Functional Relationships in Prokaryotes describes the fundamental physiological processes for members of the Archaea and Bacteria domains. The - ganization of the book re?ects the emphasis that I have used in my 30 years of teaching a course of bacterial physiology. The philosophy used in the preparation of this book is to focus on the fundamental features of prokaryotic physiology and to use these features as the basis for comparative physiology. Even though diverse phenotypes have evolved from myriad genetic possibilities, these prokaryotes display considerable functional similarity and support the premise that there is a unity of physiology in the prokaryotes. The variations observed in the chemical structures and biochemical p- cesses are important in contributing to the persistence of microbial strains in a speci?c environment.
Author: Ron Milo
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 1317230698
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 399
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Book Description
A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid
Author: Jost Wingender
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642601472
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the key components for the aggregation of microorganisms in biofilms, flocs and sludge. They are composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and other biological macromolecules. EPS provide a highly hydrated gel matrix in which microbial cells can establish stable synergistic consortia. Cohesion and adhesion as well as morphology, structure, biological function and other properties such as mechanical stability, diffusion, sorption and optical properties of microbial aggregates are determined by the EPS matrix. Also, the protection of biofilm organisms against biocides is attributed to the EPS. Their matrix allows phase separation in biofiltration and is also important for the degradation of particulate material which is of great importance for the self purification processes in surface waters and for waste water treatment.
Author: E. David Morgan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351081144
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
This volume addresses chemical interactions between insects and plants, such as feeding and ovipositional attractants and deterrents. It begins with a general introduction to insects in a chemical world. Included is a discussion of molecular biology and genetics in insect control, with respect to potentially inserting the genes for the synthesis of a protective substance into a crop plant. Also covered is the detoxification of plant substances by insects. This volume is especially helpful for chemists and biologists in the field of pesticide research.
