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Author: Giorgio Marchetti
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634639088
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Among the cognitive processes involved in the construction of any kind of meaning, attention is fundamental in determining why, how and what we mean. Attention plays a primary role in the process of learning the meanings of words and more generally of acquiring knowledge; signification, discourse and persuasion; perceiving, representing and (re)framing reality; shaping the attitudes of the audience; conveying values and ideologies. Conversely, the meanings of words and more generally, of signs, convey the condensed instructions for the attentional operations one has to perform in order to consciously experience what is expressed through and by them. Language, by addressing and guiding attention in specific ways, helps to select, amplify and support certain semantic components and concepts, and construct and communicate knowledge and values. This book is the first to present a comprehensive overview of the extant research on the relationships between attention and meaning. The contributions collected here offer an overview of the most prominent theories and models developed so far that aim to explain how attention determines meaning construction. This book will be of interest to students, researchers and teachers in the realm of linguistics, semantics, discourse studies, semiotics, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, linguistic development, cognitive architectures of language, neuropsychology of linguistic function and social psychology.
Author: Giorgio Marchetti
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634639088
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Among the cognitive processes involved in the construction of any kind of meaning, attention is fundamental in determining why, how and what we mean. Attention plays a primary role in the process of learning the meanings of words and more generally of acquiring knowledge; signification, discourse and persuasion; perceiving, representing and (re)framing reality; shaping the attitudes of the audience; conveying values and ideologies. Conversely, the meanings of words and more generally, of signs, convey the condensed instructions for the attentional operations one has to perform in order to consciously experience what is expressed through and by them. Language, by addressing and guiding attention in specific ways, helps to select, amplify and support certain semantic components and concepts, and construct and communicate knowledge and values. This book is the first to present a comprehensive overview of the extant research on the relationships between attention and meaning. The contributions collected here offer an overview of the most prominent theories and models developed so far that aim to explain how attention determines meaning construction. This book will be of interest to students, researchers and teachers in the realm of linguistics, semantics, discourse studies, semiotics, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, linguistic development, cognitive architectures of language, neuropsychology of linguistic function and social psychology.
Author: Todd Oakley
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783039114429
Category : Attention
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Of all the tasks you perform, perhaps none is more consequential for the performance of other tasks than paying attention. When you attend, you perceive. When you attend and perceive, you remember. When you attend, perceive, and remember, you learn. When you learn, you have the option of acting deliberately. Perceiving, thinking, learning, deciding, and acting require the constant adjustment of the attention system. The author proposes a model of the greater attention system as comprising three distinct but interdependent sub-systems: the signal system, the selection system, and the interperso.
Author: Juan Pascual-Leone
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262362570
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 515
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Book Description
A general organismic-causal theory that explicates working memory and executive function developmentally, clarifying the nature of human intelligence. In The Working Mind, Juan Pascual-Leone and Janice M. Johnson propose a general organismic-causal theory that explicates working memory and executive function developmentally and by doing so clarifies the nature of human intelligence. Pascual-Leone and Johnson explain "from within" (that is, from a subject's own processing perspective) cognitive developmental stages of growth, describing key causal factors that can account for the emergence of the working mind as a functional totality. Among these factors is a maturationally growing mental attention.
Author: Sari Solden
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 080271918X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Sari Solden specializes in working with ADD adults and their partners. Her first book, Women with Attention Deficit Disorder, has sold more than 100,000 copies worldwide. Now, in Journeys Through ADDulthood, she takes a groundbreaking look at the emotional turmoil often precipitated by ADD and offers readers roadmaps to richer, happier lives. Living with ADD affects the development of one's view of self, especially for those not diagnosed until adulthood, after an entire childhood of feeling "different" without knowing why. There are no quick fixes-Solden takes a longer view of the challenges and sees living with ADD as an ongoing internal process. Journeys Through ADDulthood is a step-by-step guide through three stages, or journeys: toward understanding your brain and your primary symptoms; toward discovering your true identity and embracing your uniqueness; and toward learning to share your true self to connect with others. Illuminating her points based on the real-life journeys of two men and two women, Solden offers self-help exercises at the end of each chapter to point the way around common roadblocks on the road to empowerment, self-fulfillment, and the realization of long-buried dreams and goals.
Author: Michael Sharwood Smith
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107152895
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
This book offers something unique - a perspective of mind and language where diverse topics are carefully integrated within one framework.
Author: National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Author: Richard W. Schmidt
Publisher: Natl Foreign Lg Resource Ctr
ISBN: 082481794X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Presents research into the learning of Spanish, Japanese, Finnish, Hawaiian, and English as a second language, with additional comments and examples from French, German, and miniature artificial languages.
Author: Stanislav Dornic̆
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000629821
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
Originally published in 1977, this sixth volume of an international series presented new and original material in the broad area of human performance. Included are the most recent findings, modern methodologies, and latest models and theories that indicate the trends and focus on recent points of debate. Among the topics covered are reaction processes, perceptual encoding, selective attention, visual search, processing a recognition of words as well as the reading process, and memory. This volume will be of paramount interest to experimental psychologists, from graduate students to post-graduate research workers.
Author: Ronald A. Cohen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441974636
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
As you read this, you are probably unaware of how your left foot feels in your shoe. Although your brain was receiving sensory input from this foot, you were not aware of your foot because you were reading and not attending to it. However, this discussion led you to move your attention to your left foot and to become aware of it. When I was a medical student, I saw a patient who was unaware of both the left side of his body and the left side of his environment. Unlike people in normal health, who when instructed can become aware of the left side of the body; this patient could not be made aware of his left arm or the left side of his environment. The patient's defect was so profound that despite being hungry he was unaware of food on the left side of his tray and did not recognize that his left arm belonged to him. This left-sided body and spatial unawareness could not be accounted for by a primary sensory defect. Although I knew that this man suffered from a large right-hemisphere stroke, I did not know the brain mechanisms that accounted for this profound example of unawareness. It was not until I had almost completed my neurology training in 1969 that I was able to return to this problem. At that time, most neuropsychological research was directed at understanding the language disorders associated with brain disease.
Author: Jeffrey Kreutzer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387799478
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Clinical neuropsychology is a rapidly evolving specialty whose practitioners serve patients with traumatic brain injury, stroke and other vascular impairments, brain tumors, epilepsy and nonepileptic seizure disorders, developmental disabilities, progressive neurological disorders, HIV- and AIDS-related disorders, and dementia. . Services include evaluation, treatment, and case consultation in child, adult, and the expanding geriatric population in medical and community settings. The clinical goal always is to restore and maximize cognitive and psychological functioning in an injured or compromised brain. Most neuropsychology reference books focus primarily on assessment and diagnosis, and to date none has been encyclopedic in format. Clinicians, patients, and family members recognize that evaluation and diagnosis is only a starting point for the treatment and recovery process. During the past decade there has been a proliferation of programs, both hospital- and clinic-based, that provide rehabilitation, treatment, and treatment planning services. This encyclopedia will serve as a unified, comprehensive reference for professionals involved in the diagnosis, evaluation, and rehabilitation of adult patients and children with neuropsychological disorders.
