Author: Cole Blasko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrological surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 193
Book Description
Understanding how wildfires affect watershed hydrology is a vital aspect in the protection of water resources and mitigation of flooding risks in fire-prone regions. The 2013 Rim Fire, for example, burned ~21.5% of the Tuolumne River Watershed that supplies San Francisco, California, USA with 85% and 17% of its water and electricity, respectively. The goal of this study was to develop Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models to evaluate and better understand the impacts of the 2013 fire on the hydrology of the Tuolumne Watershed. Two SWAT models were developed, with Model 1 based on pre-fire, 2011 land cover data and Model 2 based on post-fire, 2016 land cover data. After calibration, both models performed well in daily discharge estimation, yielding R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values ranging from 0.69-0.98 and 0.60-0.98, respectively when comparing to discharges observed at three United States Geological Survey (USGS) gaging stations. Our modeling results from two burned sub-basins show the Rim Fire could drastically increase the magnitude of peak flows, potentially leading to severer flooding events and damages. Our results also show fire-induced increase in surface runoff, with 90, 84, and 124% estimated for sub-basins burned at low, moderate, and high severity, respectively. Fire's impact on base flow, however, seemed negligible. Our water-budget analysis and cross-model comparison, furthermore, indicate necessity to account for fire-induced land condition changes while developing watershed hydrologic models. Across the entire Tuolumne watershed, it is estimated that evapotranspiration rates decreased by 27%, lateral flow increased by 64%, and return flow decreased by 28% due to the fire. Within burned areas of the watershed, an average higher discharge of 139 mega m3 yr-1, flashier response to precipitation events, a maximum of 45% more surface runoff (2017), and a total of 2 m less evapotranspiration were calculated during the post-fire period, i.e., 2013-2018. The modeling approaches and results from this study will help land managers better predict flooding, prioritize funds and mitigation efforts, and model the effects of wildfire over a large spatial and temporal scale through incorporation of readily available data that can be implemented quickly after a wildfire occurs.
ASSESSING HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS OF THE 2013 RIM FIRE ON THE TUOLUMNE RIVER WATERSHED IN CENTRAL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA
Author: Cole Blasko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrological surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 193
Book Description
Understanding how wildfires affect watershed hydrology is a vital aspect in the protection of water resources and mitigation of flooding risks in fire-prone regions. The 2013 Rim Fire, for example, burned ~21.5% of the Tuolumne River Watershed that supplies San Francisco, California, USA with 85% and 17% of its water and electricity, respectively. The goal of this study was to develop Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models to evaluate and better understand the impacts of the 2013 fire on the hydrology of the Tuolumne Watershed. Two SWAT models were developed, with Model 1 based on pre-fire, 2011 land cover data and Model 2 based on post-fire, 2016 land cover data. After calibration, both models performed well in daily discharge estimation, yielding R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values ranging from 0.69-0.98 and 0.60-0.98, respectively when comparing to discharges observed at three United States Geological Survey (USGS) gaging stations. Our modeling results from two burned sub-basins show the Rim Fire could drastically increase the magnitude of peak flows, potentially leading to severer flooding events and damages. Our results also show fire-induced increase in surface runoff, with 90, 84, and 124% estimated for sub-basins burned at low, moderate, and high severity, respectively. Fire's impact on base flow, however, seemed negligible. Our water-budget analysis and cross-model comparison, furthermore, indicate necessity to account for fire-induced land condition changes while developing watershed hydrologic models. Across the entire Tuolumne watershed, it is estimated that evapotranspiration rates decreased by 27%, lateral flow increased by 64%, and return flow decreased by 28% due to the fire. Within burned areas of the watershed, an average higher discharge of 139 mega m3 yr-1, flashier response to precipitation events, a maximum of 45% more surface runoff (2017), and a total of 2 m less evapotranspiration were calculated during the post-fire period, i.e., 2013-2018. The modeling approaches and results from this study will help land managers better predict flooding, prioritize funds and mitigation efforts, and model the effects of wildfire over a large spatial and temporal scale through incorporation of readily available data that can be implemented quickly after a wildfire occurs.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrological surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 193
Book Description
Understanding how wildfires affect watershed hydrology is a vital aspect in the protection of water resources and mitigation of flooding risks in fire-prone regions. The 2013 Rim Fire, for example, burned ~21.5% of the Tuolumne River Watershed that supplies San Francisco, California, USA with 85% and 17% of its water and electricity, respectively. The goal of this study was to develop Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models to evaluate and better understand the impacts of the 2013 fire on the hydrology of the Tuolumne Watershed. Two SWAT models were developed, with Model 1 based on pre-fire, 2011 land cover data and Model 2 based on post-fire, 2016 land cover data. After calibration, both models performed well in daily discharge estimation, yielding R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values ranging from 0.69-0.98 and 0.60-0.98, respectively when comparing to discharges observed at three United States Geological Survey (USGS) gaging stations. Our modeling results from two burned sub-basins show the Rim Fire could drastically increase the magnitude of peak flows, potentially leading to severer flooding events and damages. Our results also show fire-induced increase in surface runoff, with 90, 84, and 124% estimated for sub-basins burned at low, moderate, and high severity, respectively. Fire's impact on base flow, however, seemed negligible. Our water-budget analysis and cross-model comparison, furthermore, indicate necessity to account for fire-induced land condition changes while developing watershed hydrologic models. Across the entire Tuolumne watershed, it is estimated that evapotranspiration rates decreased by 27%, lateral flow increased by 64%, and return flow decreased by 28% due to the fire. Within burned areas of the watershed, an average higher discharge of 139 mega m3 yr-1, flashier response to precipitation events, a maximum of 45% more surface runoff (2017), and a total of 2 m less evapotranspiration were calculated during the post-fire period, i.e., 2013-2018. The modeling approaches and results from this study will help land managers better predict flooding, prioritize funds and mitigation efforts, and model the effects of wildfire over a large spatial and temporal scale through incorporation of readily available data that can be implemented quickly after a wildfire occurs.
The Economic Impact of the 2013 Rim Fire on Natural Lands
Author: David Batker
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781495308574
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
This rapid assessment provides an economic valuation and analysis of the damage caused by the 2013 Rim Fire (in California) to the environmental benefits within the burn area. In the first year after the Rim Fire, environmental benefit losses are estimated to range from $100 million to $736 million.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781495308574
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
This rapid assessment provides an economic valuation and analysis of the damage caused by the 2013 Rim Fire (in California) to the environmental benefits within the burn area. In the first year after the Rim Fire, environmental benefit losses are estimated to range from $100 million to $736 million.
California's Rim Fire
Author: B. J. Hansen
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781515050063
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
The Rim Fire of 2013 in the Stanislaus National Forest had all the ingredients of a perfect drama, and that is why it became an international news story. It was an out-of-control raging fire that put thousands of homes at risk, ripped through portions of Yosemite National Park, and created concerns about the water supply for San Francisco. "California's Rim Fire: Behind The Headlines" is the culmination of in-depth interviews with several of the key players that responded to the fire and community members impacted. It is designed to paint a clear picture, for the first time, of the early efforts to stop the fire when it was only a couple of hundred acres. It also details what led to its explosive growth, the controversial investigation into the cause, how a community rallied together, and the divisive political debates it ignited.
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781515050063
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
The Rim Fire of 2013 in the Stanislaus National Forest had all the ingredients of a perfect drama, and that is why it became an international news story. It was an out-of-control raging fire that put thousands of homes at risk, ripped through portions of Yosemite National Park, and created concerns about the water supply for San Francisco. "California's Rim Fire: Behind The Headlines" is the culmination of in-depth interviews with several of the key players that responded to the fire and community members impacted. It is designed to paint a clear picture, for the first time, of the early efforts to stop the fire when it was only a couple of hundred acres. It also details what led to its explosive growth, the controversial investigation into the cause, how a community rallied together, and the divisive political debates it ignited.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Fire and Watershed Management, October 26-28, 1988, Sacramento, California
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Book Description
Rim Fire recovery environmental impact statement
Author: Tracy L. Weddle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest restoration
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest restoration
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
Implementation of the Reclamation Reform Act of 1982 in the Central Valley Project
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 580
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 580
Book Description
An Evaluation of Land Use, Hydrology, and Sediment Yield in the Mill Creek Watershed, Northern California
Author: Mary Ann Madej
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
An Appraisal of the Effect of Decisions 1379 and 1400 on the Central Valley Project
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Auburn Reservoir (Calif.)
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Auburn Reservoir (Calif.)
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description
Hydrologic Impact of Fire on the Malibu Creek Watershed
Author: Phelicia Marie Gomes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Estimating Postfire Water Production in the Pacific Northwest
Author: Donald F. Potts
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Two hydrologic models were adapted to estimate postfire changer in water yield in Pacific Northwest watersheds. The WRENSS version of the simulation model PROSPER is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by rainfall: it calculates water available for streamflow onthe basis of seasonal precipitation and leaf area index. The WRENSS version of the simulation model WATBAL is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by snowfall; it calculates water available for streamflow based on seasonal precipitation, energy aspect and cover density. The PROSPER and WATBAL models estimate large postfire increases in water available for streamflow only for fires that have removed more than 50 percent of the leaf area are cover density, respectively. Guidelines for selecting appropriate models, and tables and figures for calculating postfire water yield are presented. This simulation approach should be useful for estimating long-term effects of fire on water production within the framework of land management planning.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Two hydrologic models were adapted to estimate postfire changer in water yield in Pacific Northwest watersheds. The WRENSS version of the simulation model PROSPER is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by rainfall: it calculates water available for streamflow onthe basis of seasonal precipitation and leaf area index. The WRENSS version of the simulation model WATBAL is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by snowfall; it calculates water available for streamflow based on seasonal precipitation, energy aspect and cover density. The PROSPER and WATBAL models estimate large postfire increases in water available for streamflow only for fires that have removed more than 50 percent of the leaf area are cover density, respectively. Guidelines for selecting appropriate models, and tables and figures for calculating postfire water yield are presented. This simulation approach should be useful for estimating long-term effects of fire on water production within the framework of land management planning.