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Author: John Childs
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 9780719008801
Category : Armies
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: John Childs
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 9780719008801
Category : Armies
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: Pádraig Lenihan
Publisher: From Reason to Revolution
ISBN: 9781911628514
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The proportion of wartime soldiers dying of disease as against combat injury, ran at about 70-75 percent in armies campaigning in Europe in the century and a half (1648-1789) between the end of the Thirty Years War and the French Revolution. During this time, field armies doubled in size and regimes usually fought for limited territorial gains, so it was safest to 'occupy, entrench, and wait'. Consequently, this was an era of massive and protracted encampments: the Christian army that sat down before Belgrade in 1717 had more mouths than any city within 500 miles, but lacked basic urban amenities like regular markets, wells, privy pits, and night soil collectors. Yet the impact of sickness on military operations has been neglected. This study uncovers how many soldiers sickened and died by consulting quantitative data, such as casualty returns and hospital registers, generated by the new state-contract armies which displaced the mercenary hordes of the Thirty Years' War. As plague began to recede from Europe, this study explains what exactly were these 'fluxes and fevers' that remained to afflict European armies in wartime and argues that they formed a single seasonal continuum that peaked in late summer. The isolation and incarceration of the military hospital characterized the response of the new armies to 'disorder' and to revivified notions of contagion. However, the hospital often prolonged the late summer morbidity/mortality spike into mid-winter by generating 'hospital fever' or typhus, the lice-borne disease that erupted whenever the cold, wet, hungry, transient, and unwashed huddled together. The cure was the disease. This scope of the study includes French army operations in some of its contiguous campaigning theaters, north Italy (1702 and 1734), the Rhineland (1734), Roussillon (1674), possibly Catalonia (1693), and, further afield, Bohemia (1742). The study also includes three case-studies involving the British army that include Ireland (1689), Portugal (1762), Dutch Brabant (1748), and the Rhineland (1743). The outliers are studies of Habsburg operations in and around Belgrade (1717 and 1737), and Russian operations in Crimea (1736).
Author: André Corvisier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
Author: Frederick C. Schneid
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN: 0806153121
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Upon France’s defeat of the vaunted Prussian army at the Battle of Valmy in 1792, German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe remarked, “From this place and from this day forth commences a new era in the world’s history.” The pronouncement proved prescient, for this first major victory emboldened France’s revolutionary government to end the monarchy and establish the first French Republic—with dramatic consequences for the wars that soon roiled the continent. In nine essays by leading scholars, European Armies of the French Revolution, 1789–1802 provides an authoritative, continent-wide analysis of the organization and constitution of these armies, the challenges they faced, and the impact they had on the French Revolutionary Wars and on European military practices. The volume opens with editor Frederick C. Schneid’s substantial introduction, which reviews the strategies and policies of each participating state throughout the wars, establishing a clear context for the essays that follow. Drawing on the latest research and thought, each contributor focuses on the army of a particular power: France, Prussia, Austria, Russia, Britain, Spain, the German principalities, the Italian states, and the Ottoman Empire. Their essays examine the system, tactics, operations, and strategies that each army adopted and developed in the Revolutionary Wars. The authors explore the conflicts’ wider influence on these policies and practices, along with significant battles and actions. Unique in its approach and reach, this volume offers a thorough and closely observed view of the composition, scope, and purpose of the European armies at the turn of the nineteenth century. It enhances and extends our insights into how the military powers of the post–French Revolutionary era—and thus, the era itself—took shape.
Author: Matthew Smith Anderson
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312018795
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
In the decades leading up to the French Revolution, the armed forces in Europe changed radically. Armies and navies became larger and more expensive and the role of the state in raising, organizing, and paying them grew enormously as the military entrepreneur disappeared. Increasing state control led to a gradual improvement in discipline, and plunder and wanton destruction declined. War, however, had a limited effect on economic progress and growth. In much of central and eastern Europe the harsh imperatives of the quest for military strength were supremely important in moulding society as a whole and giving it a distinctive character. War and Society in Europe of the Old Regime provides a detailed account of how the rise of nationalism and people's armies prepared the way for the dawning of a new age.
Author: Jeremy Black
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9781857281729
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
This is a history of warfare, wars and the armed forces of Europe from the military revolution of the mid-17th century to the Napoleonic wars.; This book is intended for broad-based undergrad courses on 18th century Europe/Britain and the Ancien Regime. 2nd and 3rd year thematic courses on warfare in the modern period, and students of war studies.
Author: William H. Burnside
Publisher: Research & Education Assoc.
ISBN: 0738671657
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
REA’s Essentials provide quick and easy access to critical information in a variety of different fields, ranging from the most basic to the most advanced. As its name implies, these concise, comprehensive study guides summarize the essentials of the field covered. Essentials are helpful when preparing for exams, doing homework and will remain a lasting reference source for students, teachers, and professionals. European History: 1648 to 1789 covers mercantilism, beginnings of modern science and the Enlightenment, Bourbon France, the Hapsburgs, the Hohenzollerns, the English Civil War, the Restoration, Peter the Great and Russia, the Papacy, the Ottoman Turkish Empire in Europe, and the culture of Baroque and Rococo.
Author: Jeremy Black
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312221171
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
This new book provides an excellent resource on the nature of European warfare from the outbreak of the Valois-Habsburg wars to the end of the Napoleonic Wars.
Author: Jeremy Black
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1349277681
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 619
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Book Description
This new edition of this highly successful and influential work includes two entirely new chapters - on Europe and the wider world and on the Revolutionary crisis - and is extensively revised throughout. It offers a wide-ranging thematic account of the century, that explores social, cultural and economic topics, as well as giving a clear analysis of the political events. Filled with fascinating detail and unusual examples, this absorbing history of eighteenth-century Europe will bring the period alive to students and teachers alike.
Author: Thomas A. Brady
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 052188909X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
This book studies the connections between the political reform of the Holy Roman Empire and the German lands around 1500 and the sixteenth-century religious reformations, both Protestant and Catholic. It argues that the character of the political changes (dispersed sovereignty, local autonomy) prevented both a general reformation of the Church before 1520 and a national reformation thereafter. The resulting settlement maintained the public peace through politically structured religious communities (confessions), thereby avoiding further religious strife and fixing the confessions into the Empire's constitution. The Germans' emergence into the modern era as a people having two national religions was the reformation's principal legacy to modern Germany.
