Application of Smoke Detector Technology to Minimize Smoke Exposures to Wildland Firefighters PDF Download
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Author: Scott F. Walter
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423528364
Category : Fire detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
Personnel who fight wildland fires are limited to the amount of protective equipment that they can carry with them. Bulky respiratory protection devices are considered extraneous to a smoke jumper who must carry all their tools and living necessities on their backs. In addition, respirators cannot filter out carbon monoxide, a significant airborne hazard from wildland fires. Instead, personnel are trained to recognize and avoid inhalation exposure situations eliminating the need for respiratory protection. Most of the personnel who fight wildland fires are augmentees who are often poorly trained, lack experience, and are inadequately equipped to safely respond to the fire. In addition, wildland firefighters often lack the experience of responding to a large fire. Lastly, inhalation exposure conditions (concentrations, wind speed, wind direction, etc.) vary with each wildland fire encountered, which increases the exposure potential. Most studies of the inhalation hazards from wildland fires indicate individual exposure levels of measurable contaminants were below the permissible exposure limits (PELs) established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) with an incident overexposure rate of approximately 5 - 10 %. These exposures were attributed to lack of worker training or awareness of the existing inhalation hazard. The primary health effect reported was upper respiratory and eye irritation (mainly from acrolein, formaldehyde, and particulate matter exposure). For comfort, workers often wear scarves and bandanas to reduce the discomfort of smoke exposure. For eye protection, some workers may wear goggles with limited protective capacity.
Author: Scott F. Walter
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423528364
Category : Fire detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 87
Get Book Here
Book Description
Personnel who fight wildland fires are limited to the amount of protective equipment that they can carry with them. Bulky respiratory protection devices are considered extraneous to a smoke jumper who must carry all their tools and living necessities on their backs. In addition, respirators cannot filter out carbon monoxide, a significant airborne hazard from wildland fires. Instead, personnel are trained to recognize and avoid inhalation exposure situations eliminating the need for respiratory protection. Most of the personnel who fight wildland fires are augmentees who are often poorly trained, lack experience, and are inadequately equipped to safely respond to the fire. In addition, wildland firefighters often lack the experience of responding to a large fire. Lastly, inhalation exposure conditions (concentrations, wind speed, wind direction, etc.) vary with each wildland fire encountered, which increases the exposure potential. Most studies of the inhalation hazards from wildland fires indicate individual exposure levels of measurable contaminants were below the permissible exposure limits (PELs) established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) with an incident overexposure rate of approximately 5 - 10 %. These exposures were attributed to lack of worker training or awareness of the existing inhalation hazard. The primary health effect reported was upper respiratory and eye irritation (mainly from acrolein, formaldehyde, and particulate matter exposure). For comfort, workers often wear scarves and bandanas to reduce the discomfort of smoke exposure. For eye protection, some workers may wear goggles with limited protective capacity.
Author: Timothy E. Reinhardt
Publisher: Ecosystems Research Alliance
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
This paper reviews and summarizes literature about smoke exposure and the resulting adverse effects among wildland firefighters.
Author: Christopher E. DeForest
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Author: United States Fire Administration. Office of Fire Protection Technology and Research
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author: Peter H. McMurry
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521842877
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Book Description
Particulate Matter Science for Policy Makers: A NARSTO Assessment was commissioned by NARSTO, a cooperative public-private sector organization of Canada, Mexico and the United States. It is a concise and comprehensive discussion of the current understanding by atmospheric scientists of airborne particulate matter (PM). Its goal is to provide policy makers who implement air-quality standards with this relevant and needed scientific information. The primary audience for this volume will be regulators, scientists, and members of industry, all of whom have a stake in effective PM management. It will also inform exposure and health scientists, who investigate causal hypotheses of health impacts, characterize exposure, and conduct epidemiological and toxicological studies.
Author: R. Neitzel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
Author: Tatiana V. Loboda
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119757029
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health Linking Biomass Burning Emissions to Human Well-Being Where and when wildfires occur, what pollutants they emit, how the chemistry of smoke changes in the atmosphere, and what impact this air pollution has on human health and well-being are questions explored across different scientific disciplines. Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health: Linking Biomass Burning Emissions to Human Well-Being is designed to create a foundational knowledge base allowing interdisciplinary teams to interact more effectively in addressing the impacts of air pollution from biomass burning on human health. Volume highlights include: Core concepts, principles, and terminology related to smoke and air quality used in different disciplines Observational and modeling tools and approaches in fire science Methods to sense, model, and map smoke in the atmosphere Impacts of biomass burning smoke on the health and well-being of children and adults Perspectives from researchers, modelers, and practitioners Case studies from different countries Information to support decision-making and policy The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author: NWCG
Publisher: NWCG Training Branch
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
The Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide is a revision of what used to be called the Fireline Handbook, PMS 410-1. This guide has been renamed because, over time, the original purpose of the Fireline Handbook had been replaced by the Incident Response Pocket Guide, PMS 461. As a result, this new guide is aimed at a different audience, and it was felt a new name was in order.
Author: A. Stewart Fotheringham
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470855258
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) is a new local modelling technique for analysing spatial analysis. This technique allows local as opposed to global models of relationships to be measured and mapped. This is the first and only book on this technique, offering comprehensive coverage on this new 'hot' topic in spatial analysis. * Provides step-by-step examples of how to use the GWR model using data sets and examples on issues such as house price determinants, educational attainment levels and school performance statistics * Contains a broad discussion of and basic concepts on GWR through to ideas on statistical inference for GWR models * uniquely features accompanying author-written software that allows users to undertake sophisticated and complex forms of GWR within a user-friendly, Windows-based, front-end (see book for details).
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309499909
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
California and other wildfire-prone western states have experienced a substantial increase in the number and intensity of wildfires in recent years. Wildlands and climate experts expect these trends to continue and quite likely to worsen in coming years. Wildfires and other disasters can be particularly devastating for vulnerable communities. Members of these communities tend to experience worse health outcomes from disasters, have fewer resources for responding and rebuilding, and receive less assistance from state, local, and federal agencies. Because burning wood releases particulate matter and other toxicants, the health effects of wildfires extend well beyond burns. In addition, deposition of toxicants in soil and water can result in chronic as well as acute exposures. On June 4-5, 2019, four different entities within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Implications of the California Wildfires for Health, Communities, and Preparedness at the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing at the University of California, Davis. The workshop explored the population health, environmental health, emergency preparedness, and health equity consequences of increasingly strong and numerous wildfires, particularly in California. This publication is a summary of the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
