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Author: Anna Sikora
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839692235
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Anaerobic digestion of biomass to biogas, commonly occurring in natural anoxic ecosystems, is an excellent method for utilizing wastes and producing green energy. This book presents examples of local installations of AD, or their proposals, located at small factories, workplaces, and in rural areas and housing complexes. The facilities consider the specific nature of the region, site conditions, and specificity of the utilized wastes. They protect the environment and ensure dispersed energy production. The latter is of great economic significance due to its closeness to end customers. Small local installations expand the pool of renewable energy on a global scale.
Author: Anna Sikora
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839692235
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Anaerobic digestion of biomass to biogas, commonly occurring in natural anoxic ecosystems, is an excellent method for utilizing wastes and producing green energy. This book presents examples of local installations of AD, or their proposals, located at small factories, workplaces, and in rural areas and housing complexes. The facilities consider the specific nature of the region, site conditions, and specificity of the utilized wastes. They protect the environment and ensure dispersed energy production. The latter is of great economic significance due to its closeness to end customers. Small local installations expand the pool of renewable energy on a global scale.
Author: Tim Pullen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317673409
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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Book Description
Hundreds of million tonnes of agricultural and food waste are produced each year around the world, most of which is just that, waste. Anaerobic digestion, biogas and the heat and electricity that can be produced from it is still a nascent industry in many countries, yet the benefits of AD spread throughout the community: Gives good financial returns to farmers and eco-entrepreneurs. Helps community leaders meet various policies and legislative targets. Offers an environmentally sensitive waste disposal option. Provides a local heat and power supply, & creates employment opportunities Reduces greenhouse gas emissions, as well as providing an organic fertilizer. Although the process of AD itself is relatively simple there are several system options available to meet the demands of different feedstocks. This book describes, in simple, easy to read language the five common systems of AD; how they work, the impact of scale, the basic requirements, the costs and financial implications, and how to get involved in this rapidly growing green industry.
Author: Michael A. Richards
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351764780
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Regreening the Built Environment examines the relationship between the built environment and nature and demonstrates how rethinking the role and design of infrastructure can environmentally, economically, and socially sustain the earth. In the past, infrastructure and green or park spaces have been regarded as two opposing factors and placed in conflict with one another through irresponsible patterns of development. This book attempts to change this paradigm and create a new notion that greenspace, parks, and infrastructure can indeed be one in the same. The case studies will demonstrate how existing "gray" infrastructure can be retrofitted with green infrastructure and low impact development techniques. It is quite plausible that a building can be designed that actually creates greenspace or generates energy; likewise, a roadway can be a park, an alley can be a wildlife corridor, and a parking surface can be a garden. In addition to examining sustainability in the near future, the book also explores such alternatives in the distant and very distant future, questioning the notion of sustainability in the event of an earth-altering, cataclysmic disaster. The strategies presented in this book aim to stimulate discussions within the design profession and will be of great interest to students and practitioners of environmental studies, architecture, and urban design.
Author: Fariborz Haghighat
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
ISBN: 184826061X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Sustainable Built Environment is a component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Environmental conservation and technological innovation are two principal forces that drive the building industry toward the future. Technological innovation offers many opportunities to make buildings more dynamic and comfortable, and occupants more comfortable and productive. The necessity of environmental conservation, on the other hand, compels all types of developments and human activities to be environmentally responsive. The content of the Theme on Sustainable Built Environment is organized with state-of-the-art presentations covering several topics: Urban Design ; Emerging Issues in Building Design; Environment, Energy and Health in Housing Design; Culture, Management Strategies, and Policy Issues in the Sustainable Built Environment; Using Technology to Improve the Quality of City Life; Urban and Regional Transportation, which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Author: Rohinton Emmanuel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136632905
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Three broad sectors of the economy are generally recognized as key to a low carbon future: energy, construction and transportation. Of these, carbon management in the built environment remains the least well-studied. This much-needed book brings together the latest developments in the field of climate change science, building design, materials science, energy and policy in a form readily accessible to both students of the built environment and practitioners. Although several books exist in the broad area of carbon management, this is the first to bring together carbon management technology, technique and policy as they apply to the building sector. Clear and succinct sections on the overarching principles, policies, approaches and technologies are combined with case studies and more in-depth coverage of the most relevant topics. It explains how to produce a simple carbon footprint calculation, while also being an informative guide for those developing or implementing more advanced approaches. This easy to read book is the ideal primer for anyone needing to get to grips with carbon management in the built environment.
Author: IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222787
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
The IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes was created with the aim to produce a generic model and common platform for dynamic simulations of a variety of anaerobic processes. This book presents the outcome of this undertaking and is the result of four years collaborative work by a number of international experts from various fields of anaerobic process technology. The purpose of this approach is to provide a unified basis for anaerobic digestion modelling. It is hoped this will promote increased application of modelling and simulation as a tool for research, design, operation and optimisation of anaerobic processes worldwide. This model was developed on the basis of the extensive but often disparate work in modelling and simulation of anaerobic digestion systems over the last twenty years. In developing ADM1, the Task Group have tried to establish common nomenclature, units and model structure, consistent with existing anaerobic modelling literature and the popular activated sludge models (See Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3, IWA Publishing, 2000, ISBN: 1900222248). As such, it is intended to promote widespread application of simulation from domestic (wastewater and sludge) treatment systems to specialised industrial applications. Outputs from the model include common process variables such gas flow and composition, pH, separate organic acids, and ammonium. The structure has been devised to encourage specific extensions or modifications where required, but still maintain a common platform. During development the model has been successfully tested on a range of systems from full-scale waste sludge digestion to laboratory-scale thermophilic high-rate UASB reactors. The model structure is presented in a readily applicable matrix format for implementation in many available differential equation solvers. It is expected that the model will be available as part of commercial wastewater simulation packages. ADM1 will be a valuable information source for practising engineers working in water treatment (both domestic and industrial) as well as academic researchers and students in Environmental Engineering and Science, Civil and Sanitary Engineering, Biotechnology, and Chemical and Process Engineering departments. Contents Introduction Nomenclature, State Variables and Expressions Biochemical Processes Physicochemical Processes Model Implementation in a Single Stage CSTR Suggested Biochemical Parameter Values, Sensitivity and Estimation Conclusions References Appendix A: Review of Parameters Appendix B: Supplementary Matrix Information Appendix C: Integration with the ASM Appendix D: Estimating Stoichiometric Coefficients for Fermentation Scientific & Technical Report No.13
Author: Fausto Pedro García Márquez
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789239079
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Lean Manufacturing, also called lean production, was originally created in Toyota after the Second World War, in the reconstruction period. It is based on the idea of eliminating any waste in the industry, i.e. any activity or task that does not add value and requires resources. It is considered in every level of the industry, e.g. design, manufacturing, distribution, and customer service. The main wastes are: over-production against plan; waiting time of operators and machines; unnecessary transportation; waste in the process itself; excess stock of material and components; non value-adding motion; defects in quality. The diversity of these issues will be covered from algorithms, mathematical models, and software engineering by design methodologies and technical or practical solutions. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state, cases studies, hardware and software solutions, analytics, and data science in dependability engineering.
Author: J. Mata-Alvarez
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222140
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes is a comprehensive introduction to both the fundamentals and the more practical aspects of the anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes, particularly those derived from households, that is, the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). It can be used as a textbook for specialized courses and also as a guide for practitioners. In the first part, the book covers the relevant aspects of anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes. The fundamentals and kinetic aspects of AD are reviewed with particular emphasis on the aspects related to solid wastes. This introduction is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the AD process and to understand the practical principles as well as the origin of possible problems arising from the management of the process. Chapter 2 emphasizes the role of kinetics in designing the reactor, paying special attention to existing models, particularly the dynamic ones. Through this introduction, it is intended to facilitate the technology transfer from laboratory or pilot plant experiences to full-scale process, in order to implement improvements in current digesters. Laboratory methods are described for the analysis and optimization of reactor performance, such as methanogenic activity tests or experimental evaluation of the biodegradation kinetics of solid organic waste. The different reaction patterns applied to industrial reactors are outlined. Industrial reactors are classified in accordance with the system they use, pointing out advantages and limitations. Co-digestion, enabling the co-treatment of organic wastes of different origin in a more economically feasible way, is described in detail. Examples of co-digestion are given, with OFMSW as a base-substrate. Finally, full-scale co-digestion plants are discussed. Various types (mechanical, biological, physico-chemical) of pre-treatment to increase the biodegradability, and thus the yields of the process, are reviewed in detail. The use of the fermentation products of anaerobic digesters for biological nutrient removal processes in wastewater treatment plants is described. This constitutes an example of integrated waste management, a field in which both economic and technical advances can be achieved. Balances are given to justify the approach, and a full-scale case study is presented. The important topic of economics and the ecological advantages of the process are emphasized. The use of compost, the integration with composting technology, and advantages over other technologies are detailed in the framework of an environmental impact assessment of biowaste treatment. Finally, the anaerobic digestion of MSW in landfills is reviewed in detail, with emphasis on landfill process enhancement and strategies for its application.
Author: Robert Crocker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135043841
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 553
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Book Description
Today’s most pressing challenges require behaviour change at many levels, from the city to the individual. This book focuses on the collective influences that can be seen to shape change. Exploring the underlying dimensions of behaviour change in terms of consumption, media, social innovation and urban systems, the essays in this book are from many disciplines, including architecture, urban design, industrial design and engineering, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, waste management and public policy. Aimed especially at designers and architects, Motivating Change explores the diversity of current approaches to change, and the multiple ways in which behaviour can be understood as an enactment of values and beliefs, standards and habitual practices in daily life, and more broadly in the urban environment.
Author: Uri Marchaim
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251031261
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Intended to assist engineers, government officials and funding agencies to meet present and future challenges and make decisions on the promotion of anaerobic digestion as an alternative source of energy.
