An Innovative Demonstration of High Power Density in a Compact Magnetohydrodynamic Generator PDF Download

Author: H. J. Schmidt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120

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Book Description
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) energy conversion is a candidate technology for satisfying the pulse power requirements for advanced weapon and discrimination systems for the Strategic Defense Initiative. However, to be competitive with alternative pulse power concepts utilizing nuclear or stored energy schemes the characteristic power per unit weight and volume of the MHD system requires improvement in performance well beyond the levels demonstrated in the past. In this regard, there are two primary performance parameters of concern: the power density and the specific energy. The power density is the ratio of the electrical energy output to the internal volume of the generator channel. The MHD process is a volumetric process and the power density is therefore a direct measure of the compactness of the system. As such, it controls the size and weight of a MHD power generating system for a given power output. The greater the characteristic power density, the smaller and lighter the channel, magnet, combustor and flow train will be. The second parameter, the specific energy, is the ratio of the electrical energy output to consumable energy used for its production. In the case of a chemically driven MHD system, the specific energy is a direct measure of the conversion efficiency from the latent chemical energy to electrical energy. In pulse power MHD systems with short operating durations the specific energy is the controlling parameter for the weight and volume of the stored reactants used to power the system. The two parameters are conceptually interrelated, and for a given mission scenario maximization of both, in general, are required for optimization of the system. However, for short operating durations the power density is the dominant parameter; whereas, for long durations, the specific energy is the dominant parameter.