An Empirical Evaluation of the Effects of R&D Subsidies PDF Download
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Author: Isabel Busom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Technology policy is becoming increasingly important in many countries, but there are few studies providing an evaluation based on microeconometric analysis of one common tool, R&D subsidies to private firms. Ex-post policy evaluation, is, however, a necessary step for checking its effectiveness and detecting unanticipated effects. Using a sample of Spanish firms, where half of them received public subsidies for R&D projects, this paper provides evidence on the determinants of firm participation in R&D programs and on the effects that participation has on R&D effort. Results show that firm age and number of patents obtained in the past affect positively the probability to participate, while firm size has a negative effect, probably reflecting the public agency selection rule. Results also show that firm size is negatively related to R&D intensity whether firms are participants or not, and suggest that although in the aggregate complete crowding out effects of public funding can be ruled out, this may not be so for more than a fourth of participants.
Author: Isabel Busom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Technology policy is becoming increasingly important in many countries, but there are few studies providing an evaluation based on microeconometric analysis of one common tool, R&D subsidies to private firms. Ex-post policy evaluation, is, however, a necessary step for checking its effectiveness and detecting unanticipated effects. Using a sample of Spanish firms, where half of them received public subsidies for R&D projects, this paper provides evidence on the determinants of firm participation in R&D programs and on the effects that participation has on R&D effort. Results show that firm age and number of patents obtained in the past affect positively the probability to participate, while firm size has a negative effect, probably reflecting the public agency selection rule. Results also show that firm size is negatively related to R&D intensity whether firms are participants or not, and suggest that although in the aggregate complete crowding out effects of public funding can be ruled out, this may not be so for more than a fourth of participants.
Author: Reinhard Hujer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Innovations are a key factor to ensure the competitiveness of establishments as well as to enhance the growth and wealth of nations. But more than any other economic activity, decisions about innovations are plagued by failures of the market mechanism. As a response, public instruments have been implemented to stimulate private innovation activities. The effectiveness of these measures, however, is ambiguous and calls for an empirical evaluation. In this paper, we make use of the IAB Establishment Panel and apply various microeconometric methods to estimate the effect of public measures on innovation activities of German establishments. We find that neglecting sample selection due to observable as well as to unobservable characteristics leads to an overestimation of the treatment effect and that there are considerable differences with regard to size class and between West and East German establishments.
Author: Pier Paolo Patrucco
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136755276
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 323
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Book Description
Contemporary capitalistic systems have been undergoing profound transformations determined by the transition towards the so-called knowledge based economy, i.e. a competitive system based on the capabilities firms have to create, use and circulate knowledge. These transformations concern both the characteristics of productive and innovative processes, and the resources used in these activities. This book captures these changes, where traditional R&D investments undertaken internally by firms are increasingly and strategically complemented by external sources of innovation and new knowledge. Collaborations between firms, and between firms and other organizations, as well as the mobility of human capital, are strategic processes in order to share and circulate knowledge and competencies. They are also key determinants in the creation of new knowledge and innovation, and ultimately in growth dynamics. The circulation and distribution of knowledge is now a key input in the production of knowledge. Knowledge and innovation are understood as the result of collective and interactive processes at the system level, and less at the micro level. In other words, new knowledge production is less and less the result of individualistic behaviours of the firms and much more the effect of explicit and pro-active interactions and transactions put in place by local networks of innovators. In this perspective, economic space is much more defined by the quality of the interactions among actors rather than by their mere technological, sectoral or geographical proximity. This book brings together new conceptual and empirical contributions and blends the analysis of the technological and geographical spaces in which innovation and knowledge are produced.
Author: Shigeru Matsumoto
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317424913
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
A typical consumer underestimates the benefits of future energy savings and underinvests in energy efficiency, relative to a description of the socially optimal level of energy efficiency. To alleviate this energy-efficiency gap problem, various programs have been implemented. In recent years, many governments have started providing consumers with subsidies on the purchases of eco-friendly products such as hybrid cars and energy efficient appliances. This book conducts a comprehensive analysis of the environmental subsidy programs conducted in Japan and examines their impacts on consumer product selection, consumer product use, and environmental outcome. The book also proposes recommendations for future environmental and industrial policies. The book's empirical findings will be of interest to those who are researching on and policymakers of environmental and industrial policies.
Author: Morten Henningsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
Empirical examination of whether R&D subsidies crowd out private investments has been hampered by selection problems. A particular worry is that project quality and research intentions may be correlated with the likelihood of receiving subsidies. Using proposal evaluation data to control for research intentions, we do not find strong evidence suggesting that this type of selection creates a severe bias. Proposal evaluation grades strongly predict R&D investments and reduce selection bias in cross-sectional regressions, but there is limited variation in grades within firms over time. Hence, in our sample, unobserved project quality is largely absorbed by firm fixed effects. Our best estimate of the shortrun additionality of R&D subsidies is 1.15, i.e., a oneunit increase in subsidy increases total R&D expenditure in the recipient firm by somewhat more than a unit. We demonstrate, however, that there is measurement error in the subsidy variable. Additionality is therefore likely to be underestimated.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251054024
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 740
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Book Description
Includes the keynote addresses and papers presented on the conference themes that covered: environment, ecosystem biology, habitat, diversity and oceanography; population biology and resource assessment; harvesting and conservation strategies for resource management; technology requirements; monitoring, compliance and controls; a review of existing policies and instruments; and governance and management. It also provides the perspectives of participating experts and the conference Steering Committee. The general conclusions of the conference contain the elements that must be addressed and undertaken if deep-sea fish resources are to be sustained and their habitat protected to ensure productivity and safeguard deep-sea biodiversity. The second volume of the proceedings includes posters and corresponding papers presented at the conference as well as papers from workshops held prior to the main conference.
Author: Barry Naughton
Publisher:
ISBN: 9786078066599
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 139
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Book Description
Author: Almas Heshmati
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600216268
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
This book serves as an international forum focusing on the transfer of technology and the exchange of ideas that are informative and enhances the practice of technology transfer to developing and newly industrialised countries. In particular the focus is on practitioners' views, management practices and strategies toward technology transfer and evaluation of their outcomes. The internal organisation and external environment that affects these practices and strategies including public policy developments, regulatory and legal issues, and development of global trends are also discussed by the experts in the field in different forms and at different levels.
Author: Bronwyn H. Hall
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444536108
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 599
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Book Description
How does technology advance? How can we best assimilate innovation? These questions and others are considered by experts on the theories and applications of technological innovations. Considering subjects as diverse as the diffusion of new technologies and their industrial applications, governmental policies, and manifestations of innovation in our institutions, history, and environment, our contributors map milestones in research and speculate about the roads ahead. Wasteful, inefficient, and frequently wrongheaded, the process of technological changes is here revealed as a describable, scientific force. Two volumes, available separately and as a set. Expert articles consider the best ways to establish optimal incentives in technological progress Science and innovation, both their theories and applications, are examined at the intersections of the marketplace, policy, and social welfare Economists are only part of an audience that includes attorneys, educators, and anyone involved in new technologies
Author: Dan Prud’homme
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811011192
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
This book provides new insights into the economic impacts, strategic objectives and legal structures of an emerging branch of government incentives conditioned on meeting intellectual property-related requirements. Despite becoming more common in recent years, such incentives – ranging from patent fee subsidies and patent box tax deductions to inventor remuneration schemes – are still under-researched. A diverse range of analytical methods, including econometric analyses, case studies and comparative legal analysis, are used to study these incentives in countries in Europe and China. Scholars, policymakers and practitioners can benefit from the conceptual and practical insights as well as policy recommendations provided.
