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Author: Michael E. O'Hanlon
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815705208
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Spending on U.S. foreign affairs, which constitutes only about one percent of the federal budget, is being sharply reduced. Under the President's 1996 budget plan, it will decline by just as great a percentage as defense between 1990 and 2002—and by substantially more than defense over the 1980-2002 period. No other major category of federal spending will undergo a real cut over either time period. The shrinking budget, totaling about $19 billion in 1997, will still have to fund the State Department, international broadcasting and educational exchanges, trade subsidies and investment guarantees for U.S. business overseas; United Nations operations including peacekeeping, and all types of foreign assistance. In this book, O'Hanlon and Graham focus primarily on this last component of international spending. Specifically, they analyze U.S. official development assistance (ODA) to poor countries. The authors place U.S. ODA in a broad historical, international, and economic perspective. They then recommend an alternative approach to ODA for the United States as well as other donors. They favor continuing to provide humanitarian and grass-roots aid to most poor countries, but providing ODA to promote macroeconomic growth only to those countries that maintain coherent, market-oriented economic policy frameworks. The authors argue that to provide effective aid, as well as to maintain U.S. leadership in world affairs, net resources for ODA and the international account need to increase only modestly.
Author: Ian Goldin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198736258
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
What is development -- How does development happen? -- Why are some countries rich and others poor? -- What can be done to accelerate development? -- The evolution of development aid -- Sustainable development -- Globalization and development -- The future of development.
Author: Dambisa Moyo
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 0374139563
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
Debunking the current model of international aid promoted by both Hollywood celebrities and policy makers, Moyo offers a bold new road map for financing development of the world's poorest countries.
Author: Michael E. O'Hanlon
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815705208
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Spending on U.S. foreign affairs, which constitutes only about one percent of the federal budget, is being sharply reduced. Under the President's 1996 budget plan, it will decline by just as great a percentage as defense between 1990 and 2002—and by substantially more than defense over the 1980-2002 period. No other major category of federal spending will undergo a real cut over either time period. The shrinking budget, totaling about $19 billion in 1997, will still have to fund the State Department, international broadcasting and educational exchanges, trade subsidies and investment guarantees for U.S. business overseas; United Nations operations including peacekeeping, and all types of foreign assistance. In this book, O'Hanlon and Graham focus primarily on this last component of international spending. Specifically, they analyze U.S. official development assistance (ODA) to poor countries. The authors place U.S. ODA in a broad historical, international, and economic perspective. They then recommend an alternative approach to ODA for the United States as well as other donors. They favor continuing to provide humanitarian and grass-roots aid to most poor countries, but providing ODA to promote macroeconomic growth only to those countries that maintain coherent, market-oriented economic policy frameworks. The authors argue that to provide effective aid, as well as to maintain U.S. leadership in world affairs, net resources for ODA and the international account need to increase only modestly.
Author: Casper Bruun Jensen
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262317028
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
An examination of emerging information infrastructures that are intended to increase accountability and effectiveness in partnerships for development aid. In Monitoring Movements in Development Aid, Casper Jensen and Brit Winthereik consider the processes, social practices, and infrastructures that are emerging to monitor development aid, discussing both empirical phenomena and their methodological and analytical challenges. Jensen and Winthereik focus on efforts by aid organizations to make better use of information technology; they analyze a range of development aid information infrastructures created to increase accountability and effectiveness. They find that constructing these infrastructures is not simply a matter of designing and implementing technology but entails forging new platforms for action that are simultaneously imaginative and practical, conceptual and technical. After presenting an analytical platform that draws on science and technology studies and the anthropology of development, Jensen and Winthereik present an ethnography- based analysis of the mutually defining relationship between aid partnerships and infrastructures; the crucial role of users (both actual and envisioned) in aid information infrastructures; efforts to make aid information dynamic and accessible; existing monitoring activities of an environmental NGO; and national-level performance audits, which encompass concerns of both external control and organizational learning. Jensen and Winthereik argue that central to the emerging movement to monitor development aid is the blurring of means and ends: aid information infrastructures are both technological platforms for knowledge about aid and forms of aid and empowerment in their own right.
Author: Stephen Hellinger
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781685855543
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Tracing the history of development assistance and analyzing the role of the World Bank, AID, and smaller public and non-governmental aid organizations, the authors present a distressing picture of U.S. and multilateral aid.
Author: Clark C. Gibson
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191535338
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
What's wrong with foreign aid? Many policymakers, aid practitioners, and scholars have called into question its ability to increase economic growth, alleviate poverty, or promote social development. At the macro level, only tenuous links between development aid and improved living conditions have been found. At the micro level, only a few programs outlast donor support and even fewer appear to achieve lasting improvements. The authors of this book argue that much of aid's failure is related to the institutions that structure its delivery. These institutions govern the complex relationships between the main actors in the aid delivery system and often generate a series of perverse incentives that promote inefficient and unsustainable outcomes. In their analysis, the authors apply the theoretical insights of the new institutional economics to several settings. First, they investigate the institutions of Sida, the Swedish aid agency, to analyze how that aid agency's institutions can produce incentives inimical to desired outcomes, contrary to the desires of its own staff. Second, the authors use cases from India, a country with low aid dependence, and Zambia, a country with high aid dependence, to explore how institutions on the ground in recipient countries also mediate the effectiveness of aid. Throughout the book, the authors offer suggestions about how to improve aid's effectiveness. These suggestions include how to structure evaluations in order to improve outcomes, how to employ agency staff to gain from their on-the-ground experience, and how to engage stakeholders as "owners" in the design, resource mobilization, learning, and evaluation processes of development assistance programs.
Author: George Mavrotas
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191573841
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Foreign aid is one of the few topics in the development discourse with such an uninterrupted, yet volatile history in terms of interest and attention from academics, policymakers, and practitioners alike. Does aid work in promoting growth and reducing poverty in the developing world? Will a new 'big push' approach accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals or will another opportunity be missed? Can the lessons of almost half a century of aid giving be learnt? These are truly important questions in view of the emerging new landscape in foreign aid and recent developments related to the global financial crisis, which are expected to have far reaching implications for both donors and recipients engaged in this area. Against this shifting aid landscape, there is a pressing need to evaluate progress to date and shed new light on emerging issues and agendas. This volume brings together leading aid experts to review the progress achieved so far, identify the challenges ahead, and discuss the emerging policy agenda in foreign aid. A central conclusion of this important and timely volume is that, since development aid remains crucial for many developing countries, a huge effort is needed from both donors and aid recipients to overcome the inefficiencies and make aid work better for poor people. After all, as global citizens, we have a moral obligation to do the best we can to lift people out of poverty in the developing world. The findings of this book will be of considerable interest to professionals and policymakers engaged in policy reforms in foreign aid, and provide an essential one-stop reference for students of development, international finance, and economics.
Author: Neils Hermes
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317845056
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
In 1998 the World Bank published a report entitled "Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn't and Why". This report presents the results of an extensive investigation into the effectiveness of development aid. The main message of the text of the report is that development aid helps, but only when there is a good policy environment in the recipient countries, that is when there is sound macroeconomic management and when robust government institutions exist. It stresses that it is a myth to think that good policies can be bought by giving development aid: giving aid conditional on policy reforms does not lead to improved economic policies. The conclusion of the World Bank report is that aid flows should be directed only to countries with sound policies and that it should be focused more on supporting governments in reforming entire sectors, rather than on specific development projects. The "Assessing Aid" report has led to heated debates, both among academics and policy-makers, about development aid and aid policies. Many have questioned the methodology used, the results and the policy conclusions of the report. This book aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion about the future of development aid. In particular, it re-examines a number of issues that are crucial to the analysis and to the conclusions of the World Bank report. In this study the authors aim to put the discussion on the future of development aid into perspective and summarise the main findings of the other studies in this collection. They focus on two issues: the aid effectiveness debate before and after the Assessing Aid report, and the discussion on policy conditionality and good governance. Section II provides a brief survey of past research on aid effectiveness, that is, before publication of the Assessing Aid report and summarises the main findings of the World Bank report on aid effectiveness. In this study the authors aim to put the discussion on the future of development aid into perspective and summarise the main findings of the other studies in this collection. They focus on two issues: the aid effectiveness debate before and after the Assessing Aid report, and the discussion on policy conditionality and good governance. Section II provides a brief survey of past research on aid effectiveness, that is, before publication of the Assessing Aid report and summarises the main findings of the World Bank report on aid effectiveness.
Author: Annamaria La Chimia
Publisher: A&C Black
ISBN: 1782251626
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 559
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Book Description
This book is the first legal treatment of tied aid and examines in detail the compatibility of tied aid with EU and WTO law. The workings of the aid projects and aid procurement systems of donor countries granting bilateral aid are fully examined through case studies from the UK, Italy, the EU and the US. Tied aid refers to aid granted to developing countries on condition that goods and services for the aid-financed projects are purchased from the donor country only. The recipient country, in order to receive the grant or the loan, has no other choice but to fulfil the condition imposed by the donor. Economists have shown that tying aid undermines the effectiveness of aid. It leads to higher costs paid for the goods and services purchased and the distortion of the nature of the aid. Further, tying frustrates the potential of aid to foster trade between developing countries - in many of these countries public bodies and, in particular, aid-financed projects are major potential outlets for trade between neighbouring states. The importance of tied aid has been pointed out in economic literature but there is surprisingly little written on the legal aspects of tied aid practices and this book seeks to fill this major gap in the literature. The book is of interest to academics in the field of EU and WTO law, NGOs and practitioners working both in the field of public procurement and development policies.
Author: John Overton
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000179702
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
This book provides an overview of what aid is, how it has changed over time and how it is practiced, as well as debates about whether aid works, for whom and what its future might be. The text shows how ‘aid’ is a contested and fluid concept that involves a wide and changing variety of policies, actors and impacts. It equips the reader with an understanding of what aid is, where it comes from and where it goes, how it is delivered and what its impacts are, and whether shortcomings are a result of a fundamental problem with aid, or merely the result of bad practices. It explores the changing political ideologies and conceptions of development that continually reshape how aid is defined, implemented and assessed, and how, despite a global commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals, we are at a point where the very notion of aid is being questioned and its future is uncertain. Each chapter includes case studies, chapter summaries, discussions, weblinks and further reading, to help strengthen the reader’s understanding. Aid and Development provides an important resource for students, development workers and policy makers seeking an understanding of how aid works.
