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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309145880
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 526
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Book Description
Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.
Author: Julie K. Gines
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 143986151X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 463
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Book Description
Despite all the controversy and hype that climate change has generated, there now exists an overwhelming body of scientific evidence that the problem is real and that its effects are already being felt on a global scale. Part of what makes this a volatile and controversial issue is that it is not just confined to the realms of the scientific commun
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309159474
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
Author: Bill Gates
Publisher: Vintage
ISBN: 0385546149
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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Book Description
#1 NEW YORK TIMES BEST SELLER • In this urgent, authoritative book, Bill Gates sets out a wide-ranging, practical—and accessible—plan for how the world can get to zero greenhouse gas emissions in time to avoid a climate catastrophe. Bill Gates has spent a decade investigating the causes and effects of climate change. With the help of experts in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, political science, and finance, he has focused on what must be done in order to stop the planet's slide to certain environmental disaster. In this book, he not only explains why we need to work toward net-zero emissions of greenhouse gases, but also details what we need to do to achieve this profoundly important goal. He gives us a clear-eyed description of the challenges we face. Drawing on his understanding of innovation and what it takes to get new ideas into the market, he describes the areas in which technology is already helping to reduce emissions, where and how the current technology can be made to function more effectively, where breakthrough technologies are needed, and who is working on these essential innovations. Finally, he lays out a concrete, practical plan for achieving the goal of zero emissions—suggesting not only policies that governments should adopt, but what we as individuals can do to keep our government, our employers, and ourselves accountable in this crucial enterprise. As Bill Gates makes clear, achieving zero emissions will not be simple or easy to do, but if we follow the plan he sets out here, it is a goal firmly within our reach.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292699199
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
This report shows how air quality in the People’s Republic of China’s fast-growing Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industrial hub has deteriorated and presents an integrated, cost-effective model to reduce emissions. Analyzing the costs and benefits of different scenarios, it sets out a modeling framework and shows how adapting policies to tackle emissions and improve air quality can help boost the region’s development, environment, and public well-being. It shows how increasing energy efficiency and reducing fossil fuel consumption can improve air quality and help the PRC meet its commitment to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.
Author: Paul R. Lachapelle
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351211706
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
The concept of community, in all its diverse definitions and manifestations, provides a unique approach to learn more about how groups of individuals and organizations are addressing the challenges posed by climate change. This new volume highlights specific cases of communities developing innovative approaches to climate mitigation and adaptation around the United States. Defining community more comprehensively than just spatial geography to include also communities of interest, identity and practice, this book highlights how individuals and organizations are addressing the challenges posed by climate change through more resilient social processes, government policies and sustainable practices. Through close examinations of community efforts across the United States, including agricultural stakeholder engagement and permaculture projects, coastal communities and prolonged drought areas, and university extension and local governments, this book shows the influence of building individual and institutional capacity toward addressing climate change issues at the community level. It will be useful to community development students, scholars and practitioners learning to respond to unexpected shocks and address chronic stress associated with climate change and its impacts.
Author: Daniel E. Bromberg
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317416295
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
Problem Solving with the Private Sector presents advice and solutions for fruitful government–business alliances from the perspective of everyday public management. With a focus on job training, economic development, regulation, and finance and innovation, each chapter discusses a traditional tool of government presented in a practical and applied manner, as well as the implementation of the tool with clear examples. Content-rich case studies on a wide range of policy issues, including regulatory policy, natural resources, manufacturing, financial services, and health care highlight opportunities for government and business to collaborate to pursue the public good. This book offers current and future public managers possible solutions to complex problems for effective government–business alliances in a range of settings. It is essential reading for all those studying public management, public administration, and public policy.
Author: Thomas L. Brewer
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030997162
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
This book presents an integrated, multi-disciplinary analysis that combines climate science, economics, technology and political analysis of US climate policy changes undertaken during 2021. The book begins with an up-to-date discussion of the climate crisis as of 2021, with key concepts, problems and data all represented in straight-forward graphs and tables. This introduction to climate science and climate conditions establishes the context in which US climate policy is being made. The second chapter presents information about issues and policies at the advent of the Biden administration in January 2021 within the institutional context of the US political system. The chapter focuses on the initiatives taken by the new administration in a remarkable display of wide-ranging decision-making during its first year in office, and it also includes the policies of state and local governments. The third chapter offers a detailed analysis of the climate budget developed for the fiscal year 2022, a budget that marks dramatic increases in the amounts of funds for a wide variety of climate change programs—and also reductions in the subsidies for fossil fuel industries. A series of sectoral chapters examine the economics and technologies, as well as the government policies, in key industry sectors: energy, transportation, agriculture and finance. The final chapter is based on scenarios of future climate changes and policy paths that can address the mitigation and adaptation challenges of the next decade. The book offers specific information, so the reader can understand the contemporary climate issues and policies in the USA. At the same time, it provides the enduring concepts and fundamental features of the science, economics, technologies and political institutions that will shape the future.
Author: Geert Van Calster
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1849805830
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 781
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Book Description
As well as taking stock of the current and proposed legal instruments, the book looks at the wider policy and economic aspects of coping with climate change. It provides a comparative overview of key issues across Europe, the United States, Asia-Pacifi
