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Author: X. Ding
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318063118
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
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Book Description
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome that is prevalent among hospitalized patients. In recent years, occurrence of AKI events has risen due to a growing susceptibility of fragile and elderly subjects and an increase in the use of complex procedures such as cardiovascular surgery and imaging techniques. Exposure to potentially nephrotoxic drugs, such as new chemotherapeutic agents, is also proving to be a cause of AKI. This book summarizes recent advances in various settings. A reappraisal of current definitions and staging classifications for AKI in the literature is followed by a description of new criteria for identifying patients at risk and characterizing early kidney damage by using biomarkers. Other important topics include the sequelae of AKI and AKI in special populations such as children, the elderly, and those with cancer. The effects of AKI and its consequences on healthcare expenditures are also addressed from several perspectives. AKI management requires the cooperation of different specialists to optimize outcomes. This book is thus a perfect tool not only for nephrologists, but for every specialist involved in the complicated endeavor of improving patient care.
Author: X. Ding
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318063118
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
Get Book Here
Book Description
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome that is prevalent among hospitalized patients. In recent years, occurrence of AKI events has risen due to a growing susceptibility of fragile and elderly subjects and an increase in the use of complex procedures such as cardiovascular surgery and imaging techniques. Exposure to potentially nephrotoxic drugs, such as new chemotherapeutic agents, is also proving to be a cause of AKI. This book summarizes recent advances in various settings. A reappraisal of current definitions and staging classifications for AKI in the literature is followed by a description of new criteria for identifying patients at risk and characterizing early kidney damage by using biomarkers. Other important topics include the sequelae of AKI and AKI in special populations such as children, the elderly, and those with cancer. The effects of AKI and its consequences on healthcare expenditures are also addressed from several perspectives. AKI management requires the cooperation of different specialists to optimize outcomes. This book is thus a perfect tool not only for nephrologists, but for every specialist involved in the complicated endeavor of improving patient care.
Author: X. Ding
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318058262
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious disorder in which sudden impairment of kidney function occurs secondary to one or more of a variety of underlying conditions and exposures. It is very common in (elderly) ICU patients and associated with very high mortality. Many of those who survive suffer from permanent kidney failure and other long-term morbidities. Renowned experts from around the world have contributed to this new publication, creating a succinct yet complete review of the most controversial aspects of AKI. The topics range from epidemiology and basic science to pathophysiology and clinical issues. It is intended as a concise reference work for physicians and nurses who deal with AKI in clinical nephrology and intensive care wards on a daily basis.
Author: John A. Kellum
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019022553X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provides concise, evidence-based, bedside guidance for the management of critically ill patients with acute renal failure, offering quick reference answers to clinicians' questions about treatments and situations encountered in daily practice.
Author: John A. Kellum
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323761690
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
This issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest edited by Drs. John Kellum and Dana Fuhrman, focuses on Acute Kidney Injury. This is one of four issues each year selected by the series consulting editor, Dr. John Kellum. Articles in this issue include, but are not limited to: Acute Kidney Injury and Disease, AKI in Cardiac Surgery, AKI in Sepsis, Hepatorenal Disease, Cardiorenal Syndrome, Onconephrology, Renal Functional Reserve and more.
Author: Sushrut S. Waikar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493986287
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
This comprehensive guide covers the causes, characteristics, and presentations of acute kidney injury (AKI), as well as prevention and treatment. The first part of the book features chapters on the epidemiology and diagnosis of AKI. This is followed by sections on pathophysiology, clinical syndromes and patient management. Authored by leading clinicians, epidemiologists, basic scientists, and clinical trialists, this book captures the latest evidence and best practices for treating patients with AKI.
Author: Wisit Cheungpasitporn
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039360868
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 574
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Book Description
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent clinical syndrome among hospitalized patients, independently associated with both short- and long-term mortality. Previous investigations attempted to identify effective interventions to prevent AKI or promote kidney function recovery in patients with AKI. Most were unsuccessful. Hence, additional studies are required in the field of AKI research. In this Special Issue, we are making a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their studies on AKI conducted in nephrology, internal medicine, critical care, and other disciplines that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of AKI research, ultimately to improve patient outcomes.
Author: John A. Kellum
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805598106
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
A timely update Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and as yet incompletely understood disorder in which sudden impairment of kidney function occurs secondary to one or more of a variety of underlying conditions. This disorder is very common in (elderly) ICU patients and is associated with very high mortality. Many of those who survive suffer from permanent kidney failure and other long-term morbidities, which may include cardiovascular disease and immune dysfunction. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that AKI is not a single disease, but a syndrome comprised of multiple, often coexisting, etiologies. Being usually part of multiorgan failure syndrome, it calls for multiple organ support therapy. The publication at hand contains sections on prerenal azotemia syndromes, dying of' or with' AKI, pathophysiology of sepsis- induced acute kidney injury, developments in prevention / treatment / rehabilitation, and renal support. Reporting the latest recommendations from experts, it provides valuable information for those that are interested in understanding the disorder and its treatment options.
Author: Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319173898
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
This practical guide provides the reader with answers to important clinically relevant questions regarding the evaluation and management of acute kidney injury (AKI). All aspects of critical care nephrology are covered, from pathophysiology and diagnosis to prevention and treatment. The questions considered relate to a wide range of issues, such as: How do I diagnose AKI? How can I protect the kidney in clinical practice? How do I manage patients with AKI? When should I initiate and how do I perform renal replacement therapy (RTT)? Which type of RTT is most appropriate for my patient? Should I give specific nutrients? In addition to providing practical guidelines and treatment algorithms, the book includes calculators for continuous RRT and anticoagulant dosing. The authors are internationally renowned experts in the fields of Intensive Care Medicine and Nephrology and all contributions are written in a clear and concise style and have been peer reviewed. Acute Nephrology for the Critical Care Physician will serve as a very useful source for intensivist internists, anesthesiologists and nephrologists involved in the management and treatment of critically ill patients at risk of or affected by AKI.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure, has chiefly been described as a syndrome since World War 2. Traditionally 'acute renal failure' was regarded as a less common organ failure, with patients typically requiring dialysis and managed by nephrologists. This view has now been overturned. AKI encompasses a wide spectrum of injury to the kidneys, not just kidney failure. It is a common problem amongst hospitalised patients, in particular the elderly population whose numbers are increasing as people live longer. Such patients are usually under the care of doctors practicing in specialties other than nephrology. For normal function the kidneys require a competent circulation. Conversely, it is known that renal function is vulnerable to even relative or quite modest hypotension or hypovolaemia. Hence AKI is a feature of many severe illnesses. Although these illnesses may affect many organs, the simple process of monitoring urine output and/or creatinine permits detection of AKI. There have long been concerns that clinicians may inadvertently contribute to the development of AKI, by their use of drugs that are harmful to the kidneys. However, in spite of its wider adoption in the UK from the 1970's, audit was not fully applied to AKI until the turn of the millennium. A seminal moment was the confidential enquiry into the deaths of a large group of adult patients with AKI, published by the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) in 2009. This described systemic deficiencies in the care of patients who died of AKI including failures in AKI prevention, recognition, therapy and timely access to specialist services. Only 50% of these sick patients received 'good' care. It was clear that many adult specialties needed to greatly improve their recognition and management of AKI and redesign their services. There are also known and unacceptable variations in the recognition, assessment, initial treatment and usage of renal replacement therapy in AKI. Some 20-30% of cases of AKI are regarded partially or fully preventable. Even if only 20% of cases can be prevented or ameliorated, successful preventive measures would produce a large reduction in deaths, complications and costs due to AKI. The NCEPOD report informed a referral from the Department of Health for NICE to develop its first guideline on AKI. The guideline development process is defined by its scope, published after stakeholder consultation. Therefore, the guideline does not cover all aspects of AKI, only addressing areas within the scope. Importantly these guidelines include paediatric acute kidney injury. The scope of the guideline focuses on identifying clinical and cost effective practice that might improve care and outcomes in intervention in the earlier parts of the disease process, including risk assessment and prevention, early recognition and treatment. It does not include evidence regarding aspects of dialysis beyond the decision on its initiation. NICE guidance does not aim to provide a 'textbook' of care for the area under consideration. Thus it is beyond the scope of the guideline to give detailed discussion of the more basic management of AKI causes such as hypovolaemia, sepsis, and nephrotoxins. Instead it aims to distil relevant evidence and use this to provide a set of recommendations. It is primarily aimed at generalist clinicians, who will care for the large majority of patients with AKI in a non-specialist hospital or primary care setting.
Author: Toshio Miyata
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1607618575
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 781
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Book Description
Conditions such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, which have a generalized impact on the oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease. This means that deepening our understanding of the pathobiology of oxygen metabolism in such diseases could be a fruitful path towards tangible clinical benefits. Studies in Renal Disorder collects reviews from leading researchers and clinical scientists working in exactly this field, providing an overview of the latest advances. The causal role of impaired oxygen metabolism in kidney disease has numerous clinical implications. It affects our understanding of the therapeutic benefits accruing from anti-hypertensive agents; the way we control hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia; and our use of dietary approaches to the correction of obesity. The defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress, such as the Nrf2-Keap1 system, and hypoxia, such as the PHD-HIF system, have recently been explored in various cells, including kidney cells. These mechanisms include intracellular sensors for oxidative stress and hypoxia. This means that novel approaches targeting these sensors may offer clinical benefits in kidney disease in which oxidative stress and/or hypoxia is a final, common pathway.
