A Study of the Factors that Affect the Preparation of Activated Carbons from Acorn Shell PDF Download
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Author: Abdullah J. Almalki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acorns
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Activated carbon is and has been one of the most efficient agents applied in water and wastewater treatment. However, commercially produced activated carbon can be expensive and is normally produced from non-renewable sources. In this study the aim is to generate activated carbon from a renewable and low-cost materials that occur naturally and are generally discarded. Factors studied influencing the efficiency of the activation process included activation temperature (600 °C, and 800 °C), carbonization time (1 hr, and 3 hr), and nitrogen flow rate (200 mL/min, 400 mL/min), impregnation ratio (25% ZnCl2, and 50% ZnCl2) and activation by ZnCl2 as chemical agent. Impregnation ratio refers to the concentration of chemical agent that was used to activate the carbon. The maximum surface area of activated carbon is 557.2 m2/g at 200 mL/min of flow rate, 50% of ZnCl2, 800 °C, and 3 hr of activation time --
Author: Abdullah J. Almalki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acorns
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Activated carbon is and has been one of the most efficient agents applied in water and wastewater treatment. However, commercially produced activated carbon can be expensive and is normally produced from non-renewable sources. In this study the aim is to generate activated carbon from a renewable and low-cost materials that occur naturally and are generally discarded. Factors studied influencing the efficiency of the activation process included activation temperature (600 °C, and 800 °C), carbonization time (1 hr, and 3 hr), and nitrogen flow rate (200 mL/min, 400 mL/min), impregnation ratio (25% ZnCl2, and 50% ZnCl2) and activation by ZnCl2 as chemical agent. Impregnation ratio refers to the concentration of chemical agent that was used to activate the carbon. The maximum surface area of activated carbon is 557.2 m2/g at 200 mL/min of flow rate, 50% of ZnCl2, 800 °C, and 3 hr of activation time --
Author: Tahani Abdoh M. Assiri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper is based upon factors affecting the activation of carbon prepared with coconut shells. A thorough literature review has been conducted whereby previous research into the subject is cited, specifically for the case of coconut shells as raw material for carbon activation. The methodology adopted for this research has been detailed, and the corresponding results obtained have been tabled, graphed, and subsequently discussed. Four factors were found to affect the quality of activated carbon produced: namely, inert gas flow rate, impregnation ratio, activation temperature, and activation time. Iodine number, methylene blue number, and surface area were used to evaluate the quality of the prepared samples. Lastly, ANOVA analysis was conducted to observe the influence of each of the four factors on the activated carbon samples. For iodine number, no factor was found to be statistically significant. For methylene blue number, acting agent was found to be significant and surface area was affected by activation temperature --
Author: Ahmed Alrashdi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Activated Carbon is an environment friendly absorbent used in a variety of industrial applications ranging from water purification to supporting catalysts in heavy industrial processes. There are also several ways to produce activated carbon; however it is the cost incurred in producing the activated carbon on a large scale which poses a considerable challenge to manufacturers. Not only the cost, but the conditions and resources needed in order to successfully and commercially produce active ted [sic] carbon is a complicated task in itself. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the complexities that exist in the manufacturing of activated carbon. There are many raw material sources used in the manufacturing of activated carbon but the one that will be investigated in this study are corn husks which could prove to be highly feasible due to their abundance and on an average have good carbon content which makes them a suitable choice. Some of the major factors that are known to affect the activation of carbons will also be studied in great detail during this study. These include the nitrogen gas flow rates which has been kept at both 200 mL/min and 400 mL/min during this study, and activation temperatures which has been kept at 600°C and 800°C for the purpose of this study, and the concentration of Zinc Chloride which has been kept at firstly 25% and then at 50% and lastly the impregnation time which has been kept at 1.5 hrs and 3 hrs giving us a total of 16 samples to study. These samples will be subjected to iodine and methylene blue adsorption in order to observe the the [sic] adsorption properties of the samples quantitatively. there [sic] were 4 factors investigated that could have potentially influenced the adsorption capacity and characteristics of the activated carbon that was produced using com husks. These factors were the inert N2 flow rate during carbonization, the concentration of the activating agent ZnCl2, the activation time and the activation temperature. Furthermore there were two criterion chosen for evaluating the adsorption capacity and characteristics which were: the iodine number in order to determine the relative distribution of the micropores which indicate the internal surface area and the methylene blue adsorption number which indicate the relative distribution of the mesopores. Additionally, the BET theory was also applied in order to evaluate the surface area of the activated carbon --
Author: Abdulaziz Alghamdi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Activated carbon is a widely used functional material. One of the most significant and resource demanding areas of activated carbon application is wastewater treatment in industry scale. The largest challenge, manufacturers face nowadays is the cost of commercially produced activated carbon. Moreover, the process of activated carbon regeneration is often complicated and cost demanding. The aim of this study is to investigate suitable conditions for production of activated carbon from raw materials, namely - from olive pits. This would provide a profitable methodology of production of activated carbon from the cheap and renewable material. Four factors, known to affect the process of carbon activation were investigated in this study: nitrogen gas flow rate (200 - 400 mL/min), concentration of zinc chloride, as a chemical activator (25 -- 50 %), temperature of activation (600 - 800 °C) and activation time (1.5 - 3 hours). The quality of activation was refereed by comparing specific surface area for each of the factor combinations --
Author: Venkataraman Sivasankar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319406868
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
This book discusses the problems and feasible remediation of fluoride contamination in groundwater. The book investigates applications of various carbons derived from bio-mass and bio-polymers. It also inquires into surface modified carbons that use inorganic ions to help remove excess fluoride ions in drinking water and wastewater effluents. The compliance of kinetic and isotherm models with fluoride sorption is covered, and the suggested mechanisms of defluoridation by surface modified carbon materials is described.
Author: Mohammad Adil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: A. Arami-Niya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: K. Ofori-Ansah
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
Author: M. Douglas LeVan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461313759
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1080
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Book Description
Fundamentals of Adsorption is the proceedings of the fifth International Conference on the Fundamentals of Adsorption, which was held on May 13-18, 1995 at the Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California. This conference was organized completely under the auspices of the International Adsorption Society. It was attended by 196 participants from 24 countries. Members of the Scientific Advisory Board, together with the Conference Committee, selected papers for presentation from a large number of proposals involving an especially high level of international participation. The fundamental aspects of adsorption is a subject which has grown rapidly in recent years, drawing researchers from many disciplines including materials science, chemistry, physics, biochemistry and biotechnology, and chemical, civil, mechanical and environmental engineering. Fundamentals of Adsorption serves as an excellent reference and may be used as a primary text for a graduate level course on adsorption research or as a secondary text for a course on any of the disciplines mentioned above.
Author: Mason Hsu
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781536123494
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Activated carbons have been found a large variety of applications in several fields, such as chromatography, medicine, gas storage and environmental protection, among others. Most of these applications requires tailored physical-chemistry properties, regarding purity, particles shape, mechanical resistance, homogeneity, surface composition, specific surface area and porosity. Because of their especial properties, activated carbons have attracted increasing attention for several years. As supports and catalysts, they have been used in several reactions both in gas and liquid phases, such as hydrogenation/dehydrogenation, oxidation/reduction, decomposition of hydrocarbons, halogenation and methanation, among others. This book reviews the applications, preparation, properties synthesis, and uses of activated carbon.
