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Author: Karnakhar Khatiwada
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783862888245
Category : Dhimal language
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
This study analyzes the grammar of Dhimal, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the far eastern Tarai region of Nepal in the framework of the functional-typological grammar developed by Givón (2001a, b). According to the census (2011), the total number of the Dhimal is 26, 298 which comprise 0.09% of the total population of Nepal. The main objective of this study is to prepare a reference grammar of Dhimal. Most of the examples presented in this dissertation are drawn from naturally occurring texts. 0Dhimal is an atonal, agglutinating language with nominative-accusative case marking scheme. The basic word order is SOV, however, the constituents of the clause may be permuted within the clause for pragmatic purposes. Dhimal exhibits morphologically marked past, present and future tenses. Honorificity exhibits neutral vs. affinal contrast. The grammar of pronouns and grammatical agreement are morphological devices to encode the referential coherence. Verbs with clausal complements include modal-aspectual, manipulation and perception-cognition-utterance verbs. Causativization is primarily morphological. The widely used way to put the verb of the relative clause is in nominalized form. Discourse particles, intonation and constituent order may be utilized in contrastive focus and marked topic constructions. The adverbial subordinate clauses are either marked through the subordinating morphemes attached to the dependent clause or through the special non-finite verb forms. Dhimal exhibits a number of typologically interesting features.
Author: Karnakhar Khatiwada
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783862888245
Category : Dhimal language
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Get Book
Book Description
This study analyzes the grammar of Dhimal, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the far eastern Tarai region of Nepal in the framework of the functional-typological grammar developed by Givón (2001a, b). According to the census (2011), the total number of the Dhimal is 26, 298 which comprise 0.09% of the total population of Nepal. The main objective of this study is to prepare a reference grammar of Dhimal. Most of the examples presented in this dissertation are drawn from naturally occurring texts. 0Dhimal is an atonal, agglutinating language with nominative-accusative case marking scheme. The basic word order is SOV, however, the constituents of the clause may be permuted within the clause for pragmatic purposes. Dhimal exhibits morphologically marked past, present and future tenses. Honorificity exhibits neutral vs. affinal contrast. The grammar of pronouns and grammatical agreement are morphological devices to encode the referential coherence. Verbs with clausal complements include modal-aspectual, manipulation and perception-cognition-utterance verbs. Causativization is primarily morphological. The widely used way to put the verb of the relative clause is in nominalized form. Discourse particles, intonation and constituent order may be utilized in contrastive focus and marked topic constructions. The adverbial subordinate clauses are either marked through the subordinating morphemes attached to the dependent clause or through the special non-finite verb forms. Dhimal exhibits a number of typologically interesting features.
Author: King John T.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004175733
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 634
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Book Description
The present work, a grammar of Dhimal, fills an important void in the documentation of the vast and ramified Tibeto-Burman language family. Dhimal, a little known and endangered tongue spoken in the lowlands of southeastern Nepal by about 20,000 individuals, is detailed in this work. With data gathered in the village of hiy b r , the author crafts a readable description of the western dialect, using over 1000 examples to illustrate usage. Included in this reference work are seventeen texts, riddles, songs and a Dhimal-English glossary. Joining other recent ground-breaking linguistic descriptions by researchers from the Himalayan Languages Project at Leiden University, this grammar of Dhimal will have lasting scientific value and aid the Dhimal community in preserving their language.
Author: Ramawatar Yadav
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 9783110145588
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Volumes in the Trends in Linguistics. Documentation series focus on the presentation of linguistic data. The series addresses the sustained interest in linguistic descriptions, dictionaries, grammars and editions of under-described and hitherto undocumented languages. All world-regions and time periods are represented.
Author: Ranko Matasović
Publisher:
ISBN: 1108420974
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
The first areal-typological exploration of agreement systems in the world's languages.
Author: Li Jiang
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004293043
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
In A Grammar of Guìqióng, Jiāng Lì describes the grammar of Guìqióng, a hitherto undocumented language spoken by alpine people in Kāngdìng county, China. Guìqióng has a lot to offer in its phonology, verbal and nominal morphology, syntax and glossary, distinguishing itself from the neighbouring Tibetan, Chinese, Qiangic and Loloish languages. The newly discovered features of Guìqióng include breathy vs. modal voice, indefinite number, ablative, ergative, instrumental, dative and genitive case markers, topic and emphatic markers, the diminutive suffixes, the pronominal and deictic systems, demonstratives and numerals, a rich store of differentiated copular verbs expressing equationality, inchoative, animacy vs. inanimacy, dependent existence and negation, verbal affixes indicating directions, present tense of experienced perceptions, gnomic tense, perfective vs. imperfective aspect, modality and evidentiality.
Author: Julia Nintemann
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110672642
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
As a follow-up study to the global comparison of spatial interrogatives (Studia Typologica 20), the present book examines the spatial declarative counterparts which are provided by the expression class of spatial deictic adverbs. In a functionally motivated typological approach, equivalents of Early Modern English here – hither – hence and there – thither – thence are identified across a sample of 250 languages from all macro-areas. These are also quantitatively assessed to extrapolate areal and global trends of coding patterns. The formal relationships between spatial interrogative and spatial declarative paradigms are analyzed with a focus on the syncretism of categories and of individual cells. Qualitative discussions of patterns precede in-depth treatments of problematic cases and other relevant issues related to the research topic. The quantitative results strongly point to areal linguistic trends concerning the distribution of distinct and non-distinct coding of the three spatial relations Place, Goal, and Source. Additional aspects such as quantitative evaluations of constructional complexity are addressed subsequently.
Author: Brian Houghton Hodgson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Author: Ernest T. Abdel-Massih
Publisher: Georgetown Classics in Arabic
ISBN: 9781589012608
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Originally published in 1979, this classic reference work presents definitions of grammatical and linguistic terms for spoken Egyptian Arabic in dictionary form from "active participles" through "writing system." Entries feature definitions and examples of all the grammatical features including phonology, morphology, and syntax. Aimed at the intermediate to advanced student of Egyptian Arabic, this volume presupposes a basic knowledge of Egyptian Arabic. Arabic lexical items are presented in romanized transliteration and are therefore accessible to those who are not familiar with Arabic script.
Author: Richard Slade Harrell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : ar
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Conceived to be a practical reference grammar for those who may have basic skills in Moroccan Arabic, this volume contains a short reintroduction to the phonology of Moroccan Arabic, and then continues to deal more in depth with the morphology and syntax of this particular Arabic dialect. It concludes with an interesting appendix containing annotated texts in urban Moroccan Arabic.
Author: R.E. Asher
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317851099
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Before the first appearance of the Atlas of the World's Languages in 1993, all the world's languages had never been accurately and completely mapped. The Atlas depicts the location of every known living language, including languages on the point of extinction. This fully revised edition of the Atlas offers: up-to-date research, some from fieldwork in early 2006 a general linguistic history of each section an overview of the genetic relations of the languages in each section statistical and sociolinguistic information a large number of new or completely updated maps further reading and a bibliography for each section a cross-referenced language index of over 6,000 languages. Presenting contributions from international scholars, covering over 6,000 languages and containing over 150 full-colour maps, the Atlas of the World's Languages is the definitive reference resource for every linguistic and reference library.
