A Numerical Model to Investigate the Stability of Salinity Gradient Solar Pond PDF Download
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Author: Hilal Al-Abdaly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar ponds
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Author: Hilal Al-Abdaly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar ponds
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Author: John R. Hull
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Despite a dearth of both water and love, the family discovers, through sorrow and fear, the green kiss of the Kappa Child, a mythical creature who blesses those who can imagine its magic -- back cover.
Author: Ibrahim Alenezi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Solar thermal energy generated by a salinity gradient solar pond (SGSP) is one of the most promising techniques for providing heat for desalination and other applications. A solar pond is a unique, free-energy-source system for collecting, converting and storing solar energy. Saudi Arabia is one of the most solar-radiation abundant countries on the planet, but the region also has limited water resources. Studying the thermal behaviour of a SGSP under Saudi Arabian conditions for heat generation for a thermal desalination application is the aim of this study. An empirical equation is developed and a Matlab script is programmed to calculate hourly-averaged daily solar radiation (from sunrise to sunset). The results are validated through NASA's 22-year-average data for solar radiation. Mathematical models are developed to describe and simulate the thermal behaviour of a SGSP. The results are compared with a SGSP in Kuwait; the results of the steady state model are sufficiently close to the measurements. The efficiency of a solar pond depends on the salt gradient stability in the middle non-convecting zone, and the diffusion and erosion of these salt layers are considered in this study. The proposed SGSP in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, has an area of 100 x 100m2, and the predicted temperature of the storage zone is about 100De. Higher temperatures can be reached through improved insulation and covering the surface. Additionally, an SGSP in a cold climate is suggested to compare with and test our model. The University of Surrey SGSP exceeded 80De. This renewable and sustainable heat source can be employed in desalination; the energy cost of desalinated water constitutes over 50% of operating costs. The heat removal process from the solar pond is investigated, and coupling the proposed solar pond with a Multi-Effect Evaporator (MEE) is described; the effects of various factors on the SGSP-MEE coupling are studied.
Author: Jun Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar ponds
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1224
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar energy
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: John R. Hull
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heat
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
The effects of both heat extraction methods on the stability of the salt gradient are investigated.
Author: Vyas Raghavan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369138894
Category : Computational fluid dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Desalination of sea water with a help of solar pond is one of the most promising and developing technology. Salinity gradient solar ponds are essentially low cost solar energy collectors with integrated energy storage system, and hence are potential, cheaper alternatives to flat plate collectors system in certain locations. Solar ponds combine solar energy collection with long-term storage and can provide reliable thermal energy. The salt water has natural tendency to form a salt gradient in a water body with higher density salt water at the bottom and low density water at the top. In a solar pond the solar energy is transmits through the water and created heated water region at the bottom and tend to create a natural convection due to negative temperature gradient which is in opposition to positive salt gradient. In a solar pond this double-diffusive transport system controls the formation of three layer water body: Upper Convective Zone (UCZ), Middle non-convective zone, and Lower Convective Zone (LCZ). A stronger negative temperature gradient in opposition to the favorable positive salt gradient is detrimental to the stable run and collection of energy at the bottom. The objective of this study is to analyze the double-diffusive transport phenomena in a solar pond, the formation of the stable tri-layer and energy storage using a multi-physics computation fluid dynamics model. Sensitivity analysis will be performed to determine the stable conditions for the system to operate and ensure solar energy storage.
Author: Sirajadien Alzin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Access to freshwater is crucial for socio-economic development. In Libya, the demand for freshwater is soaring, but the supply is limited. Freshwater is intrinsically linked to energy where the paramount consideration for its sustainability is the amount of energy required to guarantee sufficient supplies of freshwater through seawater-desalination. This emphasises two paramount needs that should be promptly sought as a national priority, first stringent water conservation, and second the employment of sustainable energy sources to power desalination. Salinity Gradient Solar Pond (SGSP) can be one of a mix of technologies leading to a future based on sustainable energy. This study models the potential and operation of SGSPs as a source of thermal energy in Libya. The study makes an original contribution to knowledge by explaining the essence (when, how,and where) of the SGSP operational instability. It also investigates the optimum zone thicknesses ratio of the three different salinity zones constituting the SGSP; Upper Convective Zone (UCZ), middle Non-Convective Zone (NCZ), and Lower Convective Zone (LCZ) while implementing the double-diffusive convection (DDC) phenomenon. One-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical studies are conducted. The results indicate that SGSP has the potential to provide hot saline-water at a temperature exceeding 70°C for multi-effect desalination thermal vapour compression units which require a minimum top brine temperature of 60 - 65°C. At a SGSP thermal output of 55 W m−2, 46.8 m2 of land is required for the production of 1 m3 per day of distillate. The two-dimensional study explains the nature of the operational instability where the occurrence and expansion of convective cells at the interfaces of the NCZ due to DDC leads to instability. This study also gathered evidence on the effect of buoyancy ratio. Salt concentration differences separating the UCZ and the LCZ should be sustained at 300 kg m−3 to maintain stability. The optimum zone thicknesses for an average SGSP of 2 m height are 0.4, 1.2, and 0.4 meters for the UCZ, the NCZ, and the LCZ, respectively.
Author: Ilaria Alessandra Gatti
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"This work consists in the development of a mathematical model focused on predicting temperature and salt concentration profiles in the non-convecting zone (NCZ) of a salinity gradient solar pond. The one-dimensional transient model proposed is based on the heat and mass diffusion equations, using energy and mass balances for the upper convective zone (UCZ) and the lower convective zone (LCZ) as boundary conditions, respectively".
