Author: Henry F Cooper (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
A Semiempirical technique, utilizing the methods of geometrical optics, is used to examine the effect of geologic layering on the surface peak particle velocity associated with the direct compressional wave produced by underground nuclear explosions. This geometric technique is different from former 'ray' techniques in that it accounts for the curvature of the wave front, i.e., the divergence of the rays, as well as the distance the wave travels. Data from contained nuclear explosions in 'homogeneous' media are used to determine the relationship between the peak particle velocity and the divergence of the rays. This empirical relationship is then used for layered media, where the divergence of the rays is determined by the methods of geometrical optics, to predict the free-surface peak particle velocity. The required transmission and reflection factors are currently taken from the theory of elastic wave propagation. Several parametric studies and comparisons with data from experiments in layered media are presented. It is found that a number of previously unexplained departures from what was measured and what might intuitively be expected are qualitatively and sometimes quantitatively predicted by this technique. It is emphasized that layering between the source and the free surface (which usually occurs) can have a profound and deceiving effect on the surface motion, and, therefore, it should not be neglected in any prediction technique. (Author).
A Geometric Technique for Studying Surface Motions from Underground Nuclear Explosions in Real Geologic Layered Media
Author: Henry F Cooper (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
A Semiempirical technique, utilizing the methods of geometrical optics, is used to examine the effect of geologic layering on the surface peak particle velocity associated with the direct compressional wave produced by underground nuclear explosions. This geometric technique is different from former 'ray' techniques in that it accounts for the curvature of the wave front, i.e., the divergence of the rays, as well as the distance the wave travels. Data from contained nuclear explosions in 'homogeneous' media are used to determine the relationship between the peak particle velocity and the divergence of the rays. This empirical relationship is then used for layered media, where the divergence of the rays is determined by the methods of geometrical optics, to predict the free-surface peak particle velocity. The required transmission and reflection factors are currently taken from the theory of elastic wave propagation. Several parametric studies and comparisons with data from experiments in layered media are presented. It is found that a number of previously unexplained departures from what was measured and what might intuitively be expected are qualitatively and sometimes quantitatively predicted by this technique. It is emphasized that layering between the source and the free surface (which usually occurs) can have a profound and deceiving effect on the surface motion, and, therefore, it should not be neglected in any prediction technique. (Author).
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
A Semiempirical technique, utilizing the methods of geometrical optics, is used to examine the effect of geologic layering on the surface peak particle velocity associated with the direct compressional wave produced by underground nuclear explosions. This geometric technique is different from former 'ray' techniques in that it accounts for the curvature of the wave front, i.e., the divergence of the rays, as well as the distance the wave travels. Data from contained nuclear explosions in 'homogeneous' media are used to determine the relationship between the peak particle velocity and the divergence of the rays. This empirical relationship is then used for layered media, where the divergence of the rays is determined by the methods of geometrical optics, to predict the free-surface peak particle velocity. The required transmission and reflection factors are currently taken from the theory of elastic wave propagation. Several parametric studies and comparisons with data from experiments in layered media are presented. It is found that a number of previously unexplained departures from what was measured and what might intuitively be expected are qualitatively and sometimes quantitatively predicted by this technique. It is emphasized that layering between the source and the free surface (which usually occurs) can have a profound and deceiving effect on the surface motion, and, therefore, it should not be neglected in any prediction technique. (Author).
The Shock and Vibration Bulletin
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shock (Mechanics)
Languages : en
Pages : 476
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shock (Mechanics)
Languages : en
Pages : 476
Book Description
Technical Abstract Bulletin
Author: Defense Documentation Center (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 784
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 784
Book Description
Estimating Water-shock-induced Airblast from Detonations in a Medium Overlain with Water
Author: Charles M. Snell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blast effect
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blast effect
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
One-dimensional Analyses, Shock Wave Propagation from Underwater Cratering Detonations
Author: Charles M. Snell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cratering
Languages : en
Pages : 588
Book Description
Research has recently been conducted on the use of large buried chemical explosive charges for engineering excavation. Investigations in this area were initially concerned with crater formation in relatively homogeneous rock media, a process which is now well understood. However, it has become apparent that the greatest cost and operational advantages may be realized by applying the technique to rock excavation in an underwater environment. Cratering dynamics in an underwater (two-layer) configuration have not been well understood. Small-scale modeling tests and large-scale excavation projects have revealed two new factors which significantly influence underwater cratering processes: (1) early-time dynamic effects caused by the presence of the rock-water interface and water layer; and (2) very late-time water washback and slope failure effects in the crater vicinity. The report addresses the first of these two effects by means of hydrodynamic computer calculations.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cratering
Languages : en
Pages : 588
Book Description
Research has recently been conducted on the use of large buried chemical explosive charges for engineering excavation. Investigations in this area were initially concerned with crater formation in relatively homogeneous rock media, a process which is now well understood. However, it has become apparent that the greatest cost and operational advantages may be realized by applying the technique to rock excavation in an underwater environment. Cratering dynamics in an underwater (two-layer) configuration have not been well understood. Small-scale modeling tests and large-scale excavation projects have revealed two new factors which significantly influence underwater cratering processes: (1) early-time dynamic effects caused by the presence of the rock-water interface and water layer; and (2) very late-time water washback and slope failure effects in the crater vicinity. The report addresses the first of these two effects by means of hydrodynamic computer calculations.
Improved Ground Motion Relations for Nuclear Detonations
Author: E. E. Jaramillo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Earth movements
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Earth movements
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Models for Calculating Close-in Motions from Underground Nuclear Explosions
Author: Paul R. Beaudet
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Seismic waves
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Seismic waves
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Nuclear Science Abstracts
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1142
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1142
Book Description
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 938
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 938
Book Description
U.S. Government Research & Development Reports
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1014
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1014
Book Description