A Fuzzy Model for Dilemma Zone Problems at Signalized Intersections PDF Download
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Author: Ramesh Sundarasoundappan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Ramesh Sundarasoundappan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Prahlad D. Pant
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic traffic controls
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
A feasibility study of dilemma zone problems, performed by collecting and analyzing traffic flow data at a high-speed signalized intersection, showed that the maximum green extension or cutback needed to get a vehicle out of the dilemma zone is generally no more than 2 seconds. If we scan all vehicles on a link just a few seconds before the beginning of a yellow interval, we may be able to extend or cut back the green interval so that the vehicles can avoid the dilemma zone. For each vehicle approaching an intersection on the link that is about to turn yellow, there is a time interval such that (a) the vehicle will be in the dilemma zone without green extension (or cutback) or (b) it will be in the dilemma zone when there are T seconds of extension (or cutback). So the task is to find the smallest nonnegative integer T that is not in any of these time intervals and extend (or cut back) the current interval by T seconds. This T can always be found and assuming there are no other restrictions, dilemma zones can be avoided and the extension (or cutback) is done at most once for each green interval. The simulation study, performed by modifying the source codes of NETSIM, showed that the signal timing generated by a bandwidth maximization program (PASSER-II) resulted in a lower number of vehicles in the dilemma zone than that generated by a delay minimization program (TRANSYT-7F). Additionally, the signal timing generated by the combination of the two programs, that is, by minimizing delay within the constraint of bandwidth maximization, resulted in an even lower number of vehicles in the dilemma zone than those generated by each program alone. The technique developed in this study can be implemented if the speeds and positions of all vehicles on the roadway can be recorded at small time intervals (e.g., 1 sec). Recommendations are made for implementing and testing the developed technique.
Author: Yina Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
In the United States, intersections are among the most frequent locations for crashes. One of the major problems at signalized intersection is the dilemma zone, which is caused by false driver behavior during the yellow interval. This research evaluated driver behavior during the yellow interval at signalized intersections and compared different dilemma zone countermeasures. The study was conducted through four stages. First, the driver behavior during the yellow interval were collected and analyzed. Eight variables, which are related to risky situations, are considered. The impact factors of drivers' stop/go decisions and the presence of the red-light running (RLR) violations were also analyzed. Second, based on the field data, a logistic model, which is a function of speed, distance to the stop line and the lead/follow position of the vehicle, was developed to predict drivers' stop/go decisions. Meanwhile, Cellular Automata (CA) models for the movement at the signalized intersection were developed. In this study, four different simulation scenarios were established, including the typical intersection signal, signal with flashing green phases, the intersection with pavement marking upstream of the approach, and the intersection with a new countermeasure: adding an auxiliary flashing indication next to the pavement marking. When vehicles are approaching the intersection with a speed lower than the speed limit of the intersection approach, the auxiliary flashing yellow indication will begin flashing before the yellow phase. If the vehicle that has not passed the pavement marking before the onset of the auxiliary flashing yellow indication and can see the flashing indication, the driver should choose to stop during the yellow interval.
Author: Johora K. Munni
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic traffic controls
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Author: Zhixia Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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As a major cause of crashes at high speed signalized intersections, the issue of dynamic yellow light dilemma zone (DZ) has been raised by researchers for many years. However, quantitative study of the inherent factors contributing to the DZ dynamics remains an issue, especially for Type I dilemma zone and option zone. In this context, this research aims at quantitatively modeling the dynamic nature of DZ through investigating contributing factors to Type I and Type II dilemma zones, respectively. To fulfill this goal, video data collection has been conducted at four high speed signalized intersections in Ohio. Qualified trajectory data of 1445 vehicles have then been extracted from 46-hour digital videos using customized software program VEVID. Results of statistical analyses of the vehicle trajectory data have quantitatively revealed that the driver's minimum perception-reaction time (PRT) is a function of speed, while the maximum deceleration and acceleration rates are functions of both speed and the aggregated 85th percentile speed of the intersection approach. On the other hand, results of binary logistic regression analyses have indicated that lane position, vehicle type, posted speed limit, duration of yellow interval, and speed gap between following vehicles are significant contributing factors that influence driver's stopping probability, in addition to vehicle's speed and location at the onset of yellow indication. These findings have successfully revealed and modeled the dynamics of Type-I and Type II DZs, and have provided theoretical basis for updating the existing DZ models to reflect DZ's dynamic characteristics. As a solution to safety issues caused by DZ, the optimal advance detector placement method for DZ protection has been specifically developed based on the updated dynamic DZ model resulted from this research. The optimization process is conducted in a calibrated microscopic traffic simulation test bed. The optimization objective is to minimize the combined cost of the traffic conflicts due to the existence of DZ, which represent the safety, and the delay experienced by drivers, which represents the mobility. Specifically, the probability of traffic conflicts is assessed by dilemma conflict potential (DCP), which is a comprehensive surrogate dilemma hazard model proposed in this research. Unlike the traditional surrogate dilemma hazard measure of "number of vehicles in DZ", DCP quantitatively computes the combined probability of rear-end and right-angle conflicts faced by each vehicle that approaches the intersection during the yellow interval. The computation is based on both the speed and the location information of a target vehicle and its leading vehicle with regard to the locations of DZ as well. The DCP model has been calibrated by using field-observed trajectory data before its use in the optimization process. Finally, the generated optimal advance detector placement method has been evaluated with comparison to other four classic placement methods which are widely used in the US. The evaluation results have proved that the optimal method is superior to Bonneson, Beirele, SSITE, and Winston-Salem layouts by greatly reducing the combined cost of dilemma hazard and delay, which indicates it can provide effective and efficient protection to dynamic DZ.
Author: Heng Wei (Civil engineer)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Author: Andreas Riener
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303077726X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 603
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Book Description
This book is dedicated to user experience design for automated driving to address humane aspects of automated driving, e.g., workload, safety, trust, ethics, and acceptance. Automated driving has experienced a major development boost in recent years. However, most of the research and implementation has been technology-driven, rather than human-centered. The levels of automated driving have been poorly defined and inconsistently used. A variety of application scenarios and restrictions has been ambiguous. Also, it deals with human factors, design practices and methods, as well as applications, such as multimodal infotainment, virtual reality, augmented reality, and interactions in and outside users. This book aims at 1) providing engineers, designers, and practitioners with a broad overview of the state-of-the-art user experience research in automated driving to speed-up the implementation of automated vehicles and 2) helping researchers and students benefit from various perspectives and approaches to generate new research ideas and conduct more integrated research.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air travel
Languages : en
Pages : 860
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Author: Nor Azizah Yacob
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811005346
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 615
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Book Description
This book gathers selected science and technology papers that were presented at the 2014 Regional Conference of Sciences, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014). The bi-annual Conference is organized by Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, Malaysia. The papers address a broad range of topics including architecture, life sciences, robotics, sustainable development, engineering, food science and mathematics. The book serves as a platform for disseminating research findings, as a catalyst to inspire positive innovations in the development of the region. The carefully-reviewed papers in this volume present research by academicians of local, regional and global prominence. Out of more than 200 manuscripts presented at the conference by researchers from local and foreign universities and institutions of higher learning, 64 papers were chosen for inclusion in this publication. The papers are organized in more than a dozen broad categories, spanning the range of scientific research: • Engineering• Robotics• Mathematics & Statistics• Computer & Information Technology• Forestry• Plantation & Agrotechnology• Sports Science & Recreation• Health & Medicine• Biology• Physics• Food Science• Environment Science & Management• Sustainable Development• Architecture The book provides a significant point of reference for academics, researchers and students in many fields who need deeper research.
