108-1 Hearings: NATO Enlargement: Qualifications and Contributions - Parts I-IV, S. Hrg. 108-180, March 27, and April 1, 3 and 8, 2003, * PDF Download
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Legislative calendars
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Baltic States
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 564
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Author: Congressional Research Service
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781545111680
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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This report discusses and assesses the War Powers Resolution and its application since enactment in 1973, providing detailed background on various cases in which it was used, as well as cases in which issues of its applicability were raised. It will be revised biannually. In the post-Cold War world, Presidents have continued to commit U.S. Armed Forces into potential hostilities, sometimes without a specific authorization from Congress. Thus the War Powers Resolution and its purposes continue to be a potential subject of controversy. On June 7, 1995, the House defeated, by a vote of 217-201, an amendment to repeal the central features of the War Powers Resolution that have been deemed unconstitutional by every President since the law's enactment in 1973. In 1999, after the President committed U.S. military forces to action in Yugoslavia without congressional authorization, Representative Tom Campbell used expedited procedures under the Resolution to force a debate and votes on U.S. military action in Yugoslavia, and later sought, unsuccessfully, through a federal court suit to enforce presidential compliance with the terms of the War Powers Resolution. The War Powers Resolution P.L. 93-148 was passed over the veto of President Nixon on November 7, 1973, to provide procedures for Congress and the President to participate in decisions to send U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities. Section 4(a)(1) requires the President to report to Congress any introduction of U.S. forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. When such a report is submitted, or is required to be submitted, Section 5(b) requires that the use of forces must be terminated within 60 to 90 days unless Congress authorizes such use or extends the time period. Section 3 requires that the "President in every possible instance shall consult with Congress before introducing" U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. From 1975 through March 2017, Presidents have submitted 168 reports as the result of the War Powers Resolution, but only one, the 1975 Mayaguez seizure, cited Section 4(a)(1), which triggers the 60-day withdrawal requirement, and in this case the military action was completed and U.S. armed forces had disengaged from the area of conflict when the report was made. The reports submitted by the President since enactment of the War Powers Resolution cover a range of military activities, from embassy evacuations to full-scale combat military operations, such as the Persian Gulf conflict, and the 2003 war with Iraq, the intervention in Kosovo, and the anti-terrorism actions in Afghanistan. In some instances, U.S. Armed Forces have been used in hostile situations without formal reports to Congress under the War Powers Resolution. On one occasion, Congress exercised its authority to determine that the requirements of Section 4(a)(1) became operative on August 29, 1983, through passage of the Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution (P.L. 98-119). In 1991 and 2002, Congress authorized, by law, the use of military force against Iraq. In several instances none of the President, Congress, or the courts has been willing to initiate the procedures of or enforce the directives in the War Powers Resolution.
Author: Mark A. Bucknam
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781780399720
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
In this study Col Mark A. Bucknam examines the role that theater-level commanders in the UN and NATO played in influencing airpower over Bosnia between April 1993 and December 1995. He presents it in a chronological order that offers a coherent account of Operation Deny Flight. This study challenges assumptions about military leaders, their motivations, and the state of civil-military relations during the Bosnia conflict.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on European Affairs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Author: Barry R. Schneider
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780974740386
Category : Arms control
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Author: Freedom House
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN: 9781442217942
Category : Civil rights
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
A survey of the state of human freedom around the world investigates such crucial indicators as the status of civil and political liberties and provides individual country reports.
