Yield and Physiological Response of Different Peanut Genotypes Under Water-limited Conditions PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Yield and Physiological Response of Different Peanut Genotypes Under Water-limited Conditions PDF full book. Access full book title Yield and Physiological Response of Different Peanut Genotypes Under Water-limited Conditions by Abishek Xavier. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Abishek Xavier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Get Book Here
Book Description
The cultivation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in West Texas is under threat due to recent limitations of well water, caused by the declination of the Ogallala aquifer. In addition, climate change such as high temperature and low rainfall has also posed a serious threat to farmers cultivating peanut in these areas. The aforementioned factors have contributed to the low yield of peanut crops and have caused economic losses for the farmers. Thus farmers are slowly transitioning back to dryland crops. The aim of this study is to identify potential peanut genotypes that are best suited to the prevalent climatic conditions and capable of properly adapting to the water limited conditions. The potential genotype should be drought tolerant and bears a minimum yield loss so the farmer does not suffer a huge economic loss. This study evaluated ten different peanut genotypes obtained from four different markets, namely Spanish, Virginia, Runner and Valencia. The genotypes involved in the studies are COC -041, TMV2, TAMSPAN -90, ICGV-86051, ICGV -86388, and Serenut -5R which belong to the Spanish market type; ICGS -76 and Serenut -6T belong to the Virginia bunch type. Genotype C76-16 belongs to the Runner type while Valencia --C belongs to the Valencia market type. Experiments were conducted from 2013 to 2015 under field conditions in Brownfield, Texas. Two treatment conditions were involved: the full irrigation plots received 100% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement, while the deficit irrigation plots received 50% ET replacement. Yield, rate of photosynthesis, specific leaf area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) were measured in addition to environmental conditions such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity. It was found that genotype C76-16 outperformed all other genotypes under deficit-irrigation conditions with only a 30% reduction in yield while others showed a higher loss of yield up to 48%. Each year, the yield varied widely due to environmental factors but C76-16 was consistently ranked among the top and suffered a minimal loss of yield when compared with other genotypes, suggesting that it is best suited for the erratic climatic conditions of west Texas.
Author: Abishek Xavier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Get Book Here
Book Description
The cultivation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in West Texas is under threat due to recent limitations of well water, caused by the declination of the Ogallala aquifer. In addition, climate change such as high temperature and low rainfall has also posed a serious threat to farmers cultivating peanut in these areas. The aforementioned factors have contributed to the low yield of peanut crops and have caused economic losses for the farmers. Thus farmers are slowly transitioning back to dryland crops. The aim of this study is to identify potential peanut genotypes that are best suited to the prevalent climatic conditions and capable of properly adapting to the water limited conditions. The potential genotype should be drought tolerant and bears a minimum yield loss so the farmer does not suffer a huge economic loss. This study evaluated ten different peanut genotypes obtained from four different markets, namely Spanish, Virginia, Runner and Valencia. The genotypes involved in the studies are COC -041, TMV2, TAMSPAN -90, ICGV-86051, ICGV -86388, and Serenut -5R which belong to the Spanish market type; ICGS -76 and Serenut -6T belong to the Virginia bunch type. Genotype C76-16 belongs to the Runner type while Valencia --C belongs to the Valencia market type. Experiments were conducted from 2013 to 2015 under field conditions in Brownfield, Texas. Two treatment conditions were involved: the full irrigation plots received 100% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement, while the deficit irrigation plots received 50% ET replacement. Yield, rate of photosynthesis, specific leaf area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) were measured in addition to environmental conditions such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity. It was found that genotype C76-16 outperformed all other genotypes under deficit-irrigation conditions with only a 30% reduction in yield while others showed a higher loss of yield up to 48%. Each year, the yield varied widely due to environmental factors but C76-16 was consistently ranked among the top and suffered a minimal loss of yield when compared with other genotypes, suggesting that it is best suited for the erratic climatic conditions of west Texas.
Author: M. V. K. Siva Kumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Get Book Here
Book Description
Global groundnut production, Water relations of groundnut, Climatic requirements of groundnut, climate and groundnut production, Applications to groundnut cultivaon.
Author: A. Hemantaranjan
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 9386237466
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 616
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book has meticulous research in some of the very sensible and stirring areas of Plant Physiology-Plant Molecular Physiology are indispensably needed for holistic development of agriculture and crop production in different agroclimatic zones. It would be tremendously a productive reference book for acquiring advanced knowledge by post-graduate and Ph.D. scholars in response to the innovative courses in Plant Physiology, Plant Biochemistry, Plant Molecular Biology, Plant Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences, Plant Pathology, Microbiology, Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Agronomy, Horticulture, and Botany.
Author: P Basuchaudhuri
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000783715
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 431
Get Book Here
Book Description
Peanut is an important crop in the semi-arid regions of the world. Both, irrigation and well water can provide the water necessary for it. It is a nutritious seed nut crop and has manyfold uses. As such, research on this crop is imperative. This book reviews physiological aspects, keeping in mind the changing agroclimatic conditions. Growth, development and yield are described on the basis of cellular and morphological manifestations. Being a C3 plant, the photosynthesis and respiration in peanuts is critically viewed specially under varying environment conditions and genotypes. The study of nitrogen assimilation and biological nitrogen fixation have been presented in light of the prevalent environmental and gene effects. The role of plant growth regulators in peanuts is elaborated on, stating up-to-date mode of actions. Special emphasis has been given to mechanisms of abiotic stress effects. The chapters (13) are arranged on the basis of physiology, cellular structure, biochemistry, molecular and genomics concepts.
Author: Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783319935379
Category : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book highlights modern strategies and methods to improve oilseed crops in the era of climate change, presenting the latest advances in plant molecular breeding and genomics-driven breeding. Spectacular achievements in the fields of molecular breeding, transgenics and genomics in the last three decades have facilitated revolutionary changes in oilseed- crop-improvement strategies and techniques. Since the genome sequencing of rice, as the first crop plant, in 2002, the genomes of about one dozen oilseed crops have been sequenced and more are to follow. This has made it possible to decipher the exact nucleotide sequence and chromosomal positions of agroeconomic genes. Most importantly, comparative genomics and genotyping-by-sequencing have opened up new vistas for exploring available biodiversity, particularly of wild crop relatives, for identifying useful donor genes.
Author: Victor Sadras
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128191953
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 780
Get Book Here
Book Description
Crop Physiology: Case Histories of Major Crops updates the physiology of broad-acre crops with a focus on the genetic, environmental and management drivers of development, capture and efficiency in the use of radiation, water and nutrients, the formation of yield and aspects of quality. These physiological process are presented in a double context of challenges and solutions. The challenges to increase plant-based food, fodder, fiber and energy against the backdrop of population increase, climate change, dietary choices and declining public funding for research and development in agriculture are unprecedented and urgent. The proximal technological solutions to these challenges are genetic improvement and agronomy. Hence, the premise of the book is that crop physiology is most valuable when it engages meaningfully with breeding and agronomy. With contributions from 92 leading scientists from around the world, each chapter deals with a crop: maize, rice, wheat, barley, sorghum and oat; quinoa; soybean, field pea, chickpea, peanut, common bean, lentil, lupin and faba bean; sunflower and canola; potato, cassava, sugar beet and sugarcane; and cotton. A crop-based approach to crop physiology in a G x E x M context Captures the perspectives of global experts on 22 crops
Author: Rangjian Qiu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832542409
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Pasala Ratnakumar
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832528813
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Muhammad Aslam
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319254421
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 79
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book focuses on early germination, one of maize germplasm most important strategies for adapting to drought-induced stress. Some genotypes have the ability to adapt by either reducing water losses or by increasing water uptake. Drought tolerance is also an adaptive strategy that enables crop plants to maintain their normal physiological processes and deliver higher economical yield despite drought stress. Several processes are involved in conferring drought tolerance in maize: the accumulation of osmolytes or antioxidants, plant growth regulators, stress proteins and water channel proteins, transcription factors and signal transduction pathways. Drought is one of the most detrimental forms of abiotic stress around the world and seriously limits the productivity of agricultural crops. Maize, one of the leading cereal crops in the world, is sensitive to drought stress. Maize harvests are affected by drought stress at different growth stages in different regions. Numerous events in the life of maize crops can be affected by drought stress: germination potential, seedling growth, seedling stand establishment, overall growth and development, pollen and silk development, anthesis silking interval, pollination, and embryo, endosperm and kernel development. Though every maize genotype has the ability to avoid or withstand drought stress, there is a concrete need to improve the level of adaptability to drought stress to address the global issue of food security. The most common biological strategies for improving drought stress resistance include screening available maize germplasm for drought tolerance, conventional breeding strategies, and marker-assisted and genomic-assisted breeding and development of transgenic maize. As a comprehensive understanding of the effects of drought stress, adaptive strategies and potential breeding tools is the prerequisite for any sound breeding plan, this brief addresses these aspects.
Author: Monica Boscaiu
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039434586
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488
Get Book Here
Book Description
Abiotic stress represents the main constraint for agriculture, affecting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Yield losses in agriculture will be potentiated in the future by global warming, increasing contamination, and reduced availability of fertile land. The challenge for agriculture of the present and future is that of increasing the food supply for a continuously growing human population under environmental conditions that are deteriorating in many areas of the world. Minimizing the effects of diverse types of abiotic stresses represents a matter of general concern. Research on all topics related to abiotic stress tolerance, from understanding the stress response mechanisms of plants to developing cultivars and crops tolerant to stress, is a priority. This Special Issue is focused on the physiological and molecular characterization of crop resistance to abiotic stresses, including novel research, reviews, and opinion articles covering all aspects of the responses and mechanisms of plant tolerance to abiotic. Contributions on physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies of crop responses to abiotic stresses; the description and role of stress-responsive genes; marker-assisted screening of stress-tolerant genotypes; genetic engineering; and other biotechnological approaches to improve crop tolerance were considered.
