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Author: Joan Patterson Baker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Alternative futures analysis is an environmental assessment approach for helping communities make decisions about land and water use. Its role is to provide a long-term, large-area perspective on the combined effects of the multiple policies and regulations affecting the quality of the environment and natural resources within a geographic area. The alternative futures process helps community members articulate and understand their different viewpoints, priorities, and goals. The product of the process is a suite of alternative 'visions' for the future expressed as maps of land use and land cover that reflect the likely outcomes of the options being advocated. Potential effects of these alternative futures are then evaluated for a wide array of ecological and socio-economic endpoints (i.e., things people care about). By capturing the essential elements of a complex debate in a fairly small number of alternative futures, and combining them with an objective evaluation of the consequences of each choice, this process can help groups move toward common understanding, and possible resolution and collective action. Here we summarize results from an alternative futures analysis conducted in the Willamette River Basin in western Oregon"--Page 1.
Author: Joan Patterson Baker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Alternative futures analysis is an environmental assessment approach for helping communities make decisions about land and water use. Its role is to provide a long-term, large-area perspective on the combined effects of the multiple policies and regulations affecting the quality of the environment and natural resources within a geographic area. The alternative futures process helps community members articulate and understand their different viewpoints, priorities, and goals. The product of the process is a suite of alternative 'visions' for the future expressed as maps of land use and land cover that reflect the likely outcomes of the options being advocated. Potential effects of these alternative futures are then evaluated for a wide array of ecological and socio-economic endpoints (i.e., things people care about). By capturing the essential elements of a complex debate in a fairly small number of alternative futures, and combining them with an objective evaluation of the consequences of each choice, this process can help groups move toward common understanding, and possible resolution and collective action. Here we summarize results from an alternative futures analysis conducted in the Willamette River Basin in western Oregon"--Page 1.
Author: David Donald Dole
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water resources development
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Under current trends, municipal demand for water in Oregon's Willamette River Basin will double by 2050. Municipalities will have to develop new sources of water, in competition with agricultural and other established uses, as well as increased demand for water to support ecological values. Municipalities can, to a limited extent, turn to their currently dormant water rights, but executing these rights will displace other currently established uses of water or diminish flows for fish and wildlife. Recent listings of salmon and other fish under the Endangered Species Act greatly diminish the acceptability of making water-use decisions without accounting for their potential impacts on water quantity and quality throughout the basin. This paper adopts a basin-wide perspective to analyze the need for new development of new sources of municipal water in the basin, and the impact of increased municipal water demand on water resource management in the basin as a whole. The analysis employs a computer model that simulates the regulation of water rights across the basin. We develop scenarios for future demand and supply of water, and use the computer model to determine the resulting allocation of water across water rights in the basin. Results indicate that the state's three largest urban areas have adequate water resources, but many smaller municipalities will have to develop new sources. The analysis here indicates that eliminating summer releases from storage in the basin's federal reservoirs would not affect water availability at current municipal points of diversion.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecological risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 135
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Book Description
Author: Speed, Robert
Publisher: UNESCO Publishing
ISBN: 9231001655
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Author: Patricia A. Berger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural landscape management
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Alternative futures studies provide a way for policy-makers and stakeholders to investigate the future impacts of different management strategies by providing representations of possible outcomes. An alternative futures study was undertaken by the Pacific Northwest-Ecosystem Research Consortium for the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, USA, to determine how this regional system would respond to various drivers of change. To support this effort required the development of a simulation model that generates future agricultural landscapes in response to these drivers of change and the evaluation of the resulting landscapes to derive information useful for policy analysis and community discussions. These goals were achieved by creating a characterization of the initial agricultural system, developing an agricultural land-cover change model, and finally, integrating this model with scenario elements to produce the final agricultural landscape evolution model. An important part of the initial landscape characterization was determining the crop suitability class of the basin's agricultural soils for 14 commonly grown crops. Suitability rankings were generated by using rough-set rule induction to create predictive if-then rules that related a soil's biophysical characteristics to crop production and then applying these rules to all the agricultural soils in the basin. After characterizing the agricultural system, a spatially explicit, multi-attribute decision model was developed to simulate a grower's crop-selection decision. This model used attributes describing a field's biophysical conditions and each crop's agronomic, economic, and management characteristics to select a field's preferred crop from a list of crop alternatives. Next, rules and constraints were formulated for each of the three policy scenarios: a continuation of current trends, an increased reliance on market forces to determine land use, and an increased emphasis on environmental restoration programs. The initial agricultural landscape depiction, crop selection model, and scenario rules were used to generate three future landscapes, each depicting an alternative state of the agricultural system in the year 2050. Then, landscape metrics and screening models were used to assess the agronomic and environmental condition of each agricultural landscape. Finally, this information was placed into the context of the Willamette River Basin, with suggestions for policy development and analysis.
Author: Per Stahlschmidt
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317404238
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
A key aspect of town planning, landscape planning and landscape architecture is to identify and then use the distinctive features and characteristics of space, place and landscape to achieve environmental quality. Landscape Analysis provides an introduction to the field both in theory and in practice. A wide range of methods and techniques for landscape analysis is illustrated by urban and rural examples from many countries. Analysing landscapes within a planning context requires both skill and insights. Drawing upon numerous concrete examples, together with an examination of some theoretical concepts, this book guides the reader through a wide range of different approaches and techniques of landscape analysis that may be applied at different scales, from elementary site analysis to historical and regional studies. This is an essential book for students and graduate practitioners working in landscape architecture, planning and architecture.
Author: Christopher Pettit
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540691685
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 627
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Book Description
Michael Batty Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London Landscapes, like cities, cut across disciplines and professions. This makes it especially difficult to provide an overall sense of how landscapes should be studied and researched. Ecology, aesthetics, economy and sociology combine with physiognomy and deep physical structure to confuse our - derstanding and the way we should react to the problems and potentials of landscapes. Nowhere are these dilemmas and paradoxes so clearly highlighted as in Australia — where landscapes dominate and their relationship to cities is so fragile, yet so important to the sustainability of an entire nation, if not planet. This book presents a unique collection and synthesis of many of these perspectives — perhaps it could only be produced in a land urb- ised in the tiniest of pockets, and yet so daunting with respect to the way non-populated landscapes dwarf its cities. Many travel to Australia to its cities and never see the landscapes — but it is these that give the country its power and imagery. It is the landscapes that so impress on us the need to consider how our intervention, through activities ranging from resource exploitation and settled agriculture to climate change, poses one of the greatest crises facing the modern world. In this sense, Australia and its landscape provide a mirror through which we can glimpse the extent to which our intervention in the world threatens its very existence.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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"The Willamette Valley Alternative Futures project attempts to describe future development patterns in the Willamette Valley, and their impacts on farm and forest production, and on the costs of public services. ... The main findings of the research are that from 1990 to 2050 population growth in the Willamette Valley is likely to require the development of on the order of 175,000 acres of vacant inside Urban Growth Boundaries in the Valley, and could result in the reduction of commercial farming in the Valley by about 300,000 acres. An alternative development pattern--one that has slightly higher densities of development--requires about 30,000 acres less land inside Urban Growth Boundaries, and cuts losses to commercial farm land in half. For a subset of urban infrastructure (primarily roads, sewer, water), the alternative may reduce costs by on the order of over $1 billion"--Page iii.
Author: David Hulse
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780870715426
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
"The Willamette River Basin Planning Atlas offers a valuable resource for anyone interested in the region's past, present, and future. Using a variety of color maps, charts, and photographs, the Atlas presents a vast amount of information intended to provide a long-term, large-scale view of changes in human and natural systems within the Basin." "Five chapters provide information on current conditions and historical changes since 1850, focusing in turn on land forms and geology, water resources, plants and animals, land use, and human population." "Next, there is a detailed examination of how the Basin may change between now and 2050 under three alternative scenarios for future land and water use: one assuming a continuation of current land use and management policies, the second assuming a loosening of current policies to allow freer development, and the third assuming greater emphasis on ecosystem protection and restoration." "The final chapter demonstrates how the information and analyses presented in the Atlas can be used to prioritize and design river restoration strategies. Although the focus is on the Willamette River and its floodplain, the book's approach provides a useful model that can be applied to other regions as well." "Intended for general readers and specialists alike, the Atlas provides information to help local citizens, policymakers, and scientists make better decisions about the Willamette River Basin and its future."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309121086
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
Of all the outputs of forests, water may be the most important. Streamflow from forests provides two-thirds of the nation's clean water supply. Removing forest cover accelerates the rate that precipitation becomes streamflow; therefore, in some areas, cutting trees causes a temporary increase in the volume of water flowing downstream. This effect has spurred political pressure to cut trees to increase water supply, especially in western states where population is rising. However, cutting trees for water gains is not sustainable: increases in flow rate and volume are typically short-lived, and the practice can ultimately degrade water quality and increase vulnerability to flooding. Forest hydrology, the study of how water flows through forests, can help illuminate the connections between forests and water, but it must advance if it is to deal with today's complexities, including climate change, wildfires, and changing patterns of development and ownership. This book identifies actions that scientists, forest and water managers, and citizens can take to help sustain water resources from forests.
