Why is it difficult to design innovative IT?

Why is it difficult to design innovative IT? PDF Author: Siri Wassrin
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176853160
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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Book Description
It may seem strange to claim that it is difficult to design innovative information technology (IT) in a time when the technological progress leaps forward like never before. However, despite the numerous opportunities that this rapid progress provides, we often design IT that is similar to existing artifacts, making IT design incremental rather than radical. At the same time, IT innovations are pointed out as crucial to meet the societal challenges we are facing, not least in the public sector, including a growing and older population, increasing demands from citizens and reduced tax revenues. This calls for us to better understand why it is difficult to design innovative IT. Previous research on this topic have mainly focused on human and social aspects, not paying close attention to IT. In this thesis, it is suggested that the sociomaterial theory agential realism can help shed light on the role of IT in innovative IT design, acknowledging the sociomateriality of IT. Thus, the overarching aim of this thesis is to apply agential realism on an empirical case in order to explore and explain why it is difficult to design innovative IT. To fulfill the aim, a qualitative case study was conducted in publicly funded healthcare. The empirical case is an example of an attempt to design innovative IT in a healthcare context. The empirical material was generated through participant observations, including video recordings, and semi-structured interviews. The material was analyzed in several rounds, with and without a theoretical lens. In the agential realist analysis, IT has been viewed as entangled with the world. The analysis focused on what boundaries IT produced and how these boundaries were consequential for what was possible and impossible to design. The thesis illustrates how IT is produced and productive in terms of both matter and meaning, and thus, is agential – IT makes differences in the world. What is possible to design is not only constrained by social structures but by the materiality of IT, what boundaries IT helps produce and the material-discursive practices that enact IT. Innovative IT design means to design material configurations that produce boundaries that are different from what have been enacted before and, thus, deviate from existing material-discursive practices. However, it is difficult to deviate from these since material-discursive practices are agential and define what boundaries are meaningful and legitimate. Hence, it is difficult to design innovative IT since innovative IT design has to both enact boundaries that deviate from agential material-discursive practices and also gain legitimacy. Through this explanation, the thesis makes an explanatory knowledge contribution which differs from and adds to earlier explanations. It also makes a contribution to conceptualizing the IT artifact by emphasizing IT as sociomaterial and providing examples of how IT can be understood as produced, productive, agential and entangled. Finally, the thesis also makes an empirical and methodological contribution in the sense that it demonstrates how an agential realist case study can be conducted in the field of Information Systems. Det kan verka märkligt att påstå att det är svårt att designa innovativ informationsteknik (IT) i en tid då den tekniska utvecklingen går snabbare än någonsin förr. Men trots de många möjligheter som den snabba utvecklingen erbjuder så designar vi ofta IT som liknar existerande artefakter, vilket resulterar i inkrementell snarare än radikal IT-design. Samtidigt pekas IT-innovation ut som kritisk för att möta de samhälleliga utmaningar som vi står inför, inte minst i den offentliga sektorn där en växande och åldrande befolkning, ökade krav från medborgare och minskade skatteintäkter ställer stora krav på offentliga organisationer. Av denna anledning behöver vi förbättra vår förståelse för varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. Tidigare forskning inom detta ämne har främst fokuserat på mänskliga och sociala aspekter men inte uppmärksammat IT. I denna avhandling föreslås att den sociomateriella teorin agentiell realism kan bidra till att belysa ITs roll i innovativ IT-design genom att se IT som sociomateriell. Därmed är avhandlingens övergripande syfte att applicera agentiell realism på ett empiriskt fall för att utforska och förklara varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. För att uppfylla syftet har en kvalitativ fallstudie genomförts i offentlig sjukvård. Det empiriska fallet är ett exempel på ett försök att designa innovativ IT i en sjukvårdskontext. Det empiriska materialet genererades genom deltagande observationer, inklusive videofilmning, och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet analyserades i flera omgångar, både med och utan teoretisk lins. I analysen där agentiell realism applicerades sågs IT som entangled (’intrasslad’) med världen. Denna analys fokuserade på vilka gränser som IT producerade och hur dessa gränser hade konsekvenser för vad som var möjligt respektive omöjligt att designa. Denna avhandling illustrerar hur IT är producerad och producerande både vad gäller materia och betydelser, och därmed är agentiell – IT gör skillnad i världen. Vad som är möjligt att designa är inte enbart begränsat av sociala strukturer utan också av ITs materialitet, vilka gränser som IT bidrar till att producera och de materiell-diskursiva praktiker som framställer IT. Innovativ ITdesign innebär att designa materiella konfigurationer som skapar gränser vilka skiljer sig från vad som blivit till innan och därmed avviker från rådande materiell-diskursiva praktiker. Det är dock svårt att avvika från dessa eftersom materiell-diskursiva praktiker är agentiella och definierar vilka gränser som är meningsfulla och legitima. Det är därmed svårt att designa innovativ IT då innovativ IT-design behöver både producera gränser som avviker från agentiella materiell-diskursiva praktiker och också uppnå legitimitet. Med denna förklaring ger avhandlingen ett kunskapsbidrag och bidrar till ny förståelse för varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. Avhandlingen bidrar också till att konceptualisera IT-artefakten genom att betona ITs sociomaterialitet och att ge exempel på hur IT kan förstås som producerad, producerande, agentiell och entangled. Slutligen ger avhandlingen också ett empiriskt och metodologiskt bidrag genom att demonstrera hur en agentiell realistisk fallstudie kan utföras inom informatikfältet.

Why is it difficult to design innovative IT?

Why is it difficult to design innovative IT? PDF Author: Siri Wassrin
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176853160
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170

Get Book Here

Book Description
It may seem strange to claim that it is difficult to design innovative information technology (IT) in a time when the technological progress leaps forward like never before. However, despite the numerous opportunities that this rapid progress provides, we often design IT that is similar to existing artifacts, making IT design incremental rather than radical. At the same time, IT innovations are pointed out as crucial to meet the societal challenges we are facing, not least in the public sector, including a growing and older population, increasing demands from citizens and reduced tax revenues. This calls for us to better understand why it is difficult to design innovative IT. Previous research on this topic have mainly focused on human and social aspects, not paying close attention to IT. In this thesis, it is suggested that the sociomaterial theory agential realism can help shed light on the role of IT in innovative IT design, acknowledging the sociomateriality of IT. Thus, the overarching aim of this thesis is to apply agential realism on an empirical case in order to explore and explain why it is difficult to design innovative IT. To fulfill the aim, a qualitative case study was conducted in publicly funded healthcare. The empirical case is an example of an attempt to design innovative IT in a healthcare context. The empirical material was generated through participant observations, including video recordings, and semi-structured interviews. The material was analyzed in several rounds, with and without a theoretical lens. In the agential realist analysis, IT has been viewed as entangled with the world. The analysis focused on what boundaries IT produced and how these boundaries were consequential for what was possible and impossible to design. The thesis illustrates how IT is produced and productive in terms of both matter and meaning, and thus, is agential – IT makes differences in the world. What is possible to design is not only constrained by social structures but by the materiality of IT, what boundaries IT helps produce and the material-discursive practices that enact IT. Innovative IT design means to design material configurations that produce boundaries that are different from what have been enacted before and, thus, deviate from existing material-discursive practices. However, it is difficult to deviate from these since material-discursive practices are agential and define what boundaries are meaningful and legitimate. Hence, it is difficult to design innovative IT since innovative IT design has to both enact boundaries that deviate from agential material-discursive practices and also gain legitimacy. Through this explanation, the thesis makes an explanatory knowledge contribution which differs from and adds to earlier explanations. It also makes a contribution to conceptualizing the IT artifact by emphasizing IT as sociomaterial and providing examples of how IT can be understood as produced, productive, agential and entangled. Finally, the thesis also makes an empirical and methodological contribution in the sense that it demonstrates how an agential realist case study can be conducted in the field of Information Systems. Det kan verka märkligt att påstå att det är svårt att designa innovativ informationsteknik (IT) i en tid då den tekniska utvecklingen går snabbare än någonsin förr. Men trots de många möjligheter som den snabba utvecklingen erbjuder så designar vi ofta IT som liknar existerande artefakter, vilket resulterar i inkrementell snarare än radikal IT-design. Samtidigt pekas IT-innovation ut som kritisk för att möta de samhälleliga utmaningar som vi står inför, inte minst i den offentliga sektorn där en växande och åldrande befolkning, ökade krav från medborgare och minskade skatteintäkter ställer stora krav på offentliga organisationer. Av denna anledning behöver vi förbättra vår förståelse för varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. Tidigare forskning inom detta ämne har främst fokuserat på mänskliga och sociala aspekter men inte uppmärksammat IT. I denna avhandling föreslås att den sociomateriella teorin agentiell realism kan bidra till att belysa ITs roll i innovativ IT-design genom att se IT som sociomateriell. Därmed är avhandlingens övergripande syfte att applicera agentiell realism på ett empiriskt fall för att utforska och förklara varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. För att uppfylla syftet har en kvalitativ fallstudie genomförts i offentlig sjukvård. Det empiriska fallet är ett exempel på ett försök att designa innovativ IT i en sjukvårdskontext. Det empiriska materialet genererades genom deltagande observationer, inklusive videofilmning, och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet analyserades i flera omgångar, både med och utan teoretisk lins. I analysen där agentiell realism applicerades sågs IT som entangled (’intrasslad’) med världen. Denna analys fokuserade på vilka gränser som IT producerade och hur dessa gränser hade konsekvenser för vad som var möjligt respektive omöjligt att designa. Denna avhandling illustrerar hur IT är producerad och producerande både vad gäller materia och betydelser, och därmed är agentiell – IT gör skillnad i världen. Vad som är möjligt att designa är inte enbart begränsat av sociala strukturer utan också av ITs materialitet, vilka gränser som IT bidrar till att producera och de materiell-diskursiva praktiker som framställer IT. Innovativ ITdesign innebär att designa materiella konfigurationer som skapar gränser vilka skiljer sig från vad som blivit till innan och därmed avviker från rådande materiell-diskursiva praktiker. Det är dock svårt att avvika från dessa eftersom materiell-diskursiva praktiker är agentiella och definierar vilka gränser som är meningsfulla och legitima. Det är därmed svårt att designa innovativ IT då innovativ IT-design behöver både producera gränser som avviker från agentiella materiell-diskursiva praktiker och också uppnå legitimitet. Med denna förklaring ger avhandlingen ett kunskapsbidrag och bidrar till ny förståelse för varför det är svårt att designa innovativ IT. Avhandlingen bidrar också till att konceptualisera IT-artefakten genom att betona ITs sociomaterialitet och att ge exempel på hur IT kan förstås som producerad, producerande, agentiell och entangled. Slutligen ger avhandlingen också ett empiriskt och metodologiskt bidrag genom att demonstrera hur en agentiell realistisk fallstudie kan utföras inom informatikfältet.

Design Works

Design Works PDF Author: Heather Fraser
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 1442660562
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 273

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Book Description
High-profile business leaders in organizations around the world now use approaches and methods from the design world to drive breakthrough innovation and growth. How can you translate design thinking into doing in a way that will lead to bigger breakthroughs and business strategies for success? Design Works is the playbook for putting Business Design – a discipline that integrates design methods and mindsets into strategic planning and innovation practices - into action across the enterprise. Heather Fraser provides tools and tips, compelling case studies and inspiring interviews with business leaders who have used design principles and practices to tackle their enterprise challenges and map out new opportunities for growth. Through the practice of the 3 Gears of Business Design, Design Works shows you how to harness your team’s collective ingenuity and unlock fresh insights, create bigger ideas faster, and translate big ideas into clear action-based strategies that will accelerate progress toward a renewed vision for your organization. Based on seven years of research and application at the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto, Business Design has proven to be a learnable, scalable innovation discipline that can transform the way enterprise teams rise to a challenge and shape future-forward strategies, bringing a valuable balance to conventional planning and development.

Vintage Innovation

Vintage Innovation PDF Author: John Spencer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781734172553
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
What is Vintage Innovation?Vintage Innovation redefines innovation not as "new and flashy" but as "better and different." It isn't a rejection of new approaches or cutting-edge technology so much as an embrace of the old and the new.It's the overlap of the "tried and true" and the "never tried." It's a mash-up of low-fi tech and new tech. It's the idea of finding relevance by looking back and looking forward. It's a focus on timeless skills in new contexts. It's the idea that innovation happens when teachers take a both/and approach as they empower their students in the present to prepare them for an uncertain future.If you are a teacher, you are an innovator. You are the experimenter trying new strategies. You are the architect designing new learning opportunities. Apps change. Gadgets break. Technology grows obsolete. But one thing remains: teachers change the world. And one way to do this is through a vintage innovation approach. With vintage innovation, teachers ask: How do I innovate when I don't have the best technology? How can I use vintage tools, ideas, and approaches in new ways? How can I use constraints to spark creativity? How do I blend together the "tried and true" with the "never tried?"

Innovation X

Innovation X PDF Author: Adam Richardson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470482192
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
A fresh approach to succeeding with innovation, grounded in insights about rapidly changing customers, competitors and technologies Written by a director at the award-winning global innovation firm frog design, this vital book shows business leaders and managers how to accomplish truly effective innovation in today's disruptive climate. Richardson shows how business is filled with "X-problems"- tough new challenges that present massive innovation opportunities, but also risks. Thriving in a world of X-problems requires harnessing four specific approaches: Immersion, Convergence, Divergence, and Adaption. Combining frog design's approaches with insightful analysis of companies such as Apple, BMW, Clif Bar, Google, Maxtor, and Salesforce.com, Richardson illustrates how to envision and realize successful new business ventures, products, and services. Provides a process for translating customer insights into relevant innovations, accompanied by case studies (many of them richly described from frog's own experiences) For the first time, gives real guidance on connecting products, software and services into ecosystems that are actually compelling to customers Shows how to facilitate bringing multiple perspectives to understanding a problem domain, as well as how to manage an innovation portfolio over time Innovation X is an essential guide for companies seeking to create growth and differentiation in increasingly competitive markets.

Change by Design

Change by Design PDF Author: Tim Brown
Publisher: Harper Collins
ISBN: 0061937746
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Book Description
In Change by Design, Tim Brown, CEO of IDEO, the celebrated innovation and design firm, shows how the techniques and strategies of design belong at every level of business. Change by Design is not a book by designers for designers; this is a book for creative leaders who seek to infuse design thinking into every level of an organization, product, or service to drive new alternatives for business and society.

Designing Services with Innovative Methods

Designing Services with Innovative Methods PDF Author: Satu Miettinen
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9789525018424
Category : Design
Languages : fi
Pages : 265

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Book Description
"This book presents the emerging and increasingly important field of service design."--Publisher.

Innovation by Design

Innovation by Design PDF Author: Thomas Lockwood
Publisher: Red Wheel/Weiser
ISBN: 1632658909
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Book Description
Why are some organizations more innovative than others? How can we tap into, empower, and leverage the natural innovation within our organizations that is so vital to our future success? Now more than ever, companies and institutions of all types and sizes are determined to create more innovative organizations. In study after study, leaders say that fostering innovation and the need for transformational change are among their top priorities. But they also report struggling with how to engage their cultures to implement the changes necessary to maximize their innovative targets. In Innovation by Design, authors Thomas Lockwood and Edgar Papke share the results of their study of some of the world’s most innovative organizations, including: The 10 attributes leaders can use to create and develop effective cultures of innovation. How to use design thinking as a powerful method to drive employee creativity and innovation. How to leverage the natural influence of the collective imagination to produce the “pull effect” of creativity and risk taking. How leaders can take the “Fifth Step of Design” and create their ideal culture. Innovation by Design offers a powerful set of insights and practical solutions to the most important challenge for today’s businesses—the need for relevant innovation.

Frame Innovation

Frame Innovation PDF Author: Kees Dorst
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262324318
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 221

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Book Description
How organizations can use practices developed by expert designers to solve today's open, complex, dynamic, and networked problems. When organizations apply old methods of problem-solving to new kinds of problems, they may accomplish only temporary fixes or some ineffectual tinkering around the edges. Today's problems are a new breed—open, complex, dynamic, and networked—and require a radically different response. In this book, Kees Dorst describes a new, innovation-centered approach to problem-solving in organizations: frame creation. It applies “design thinking,” but it goes beyond the borrowed tricks and techniques that usually characterize that term. Frame creation focuses not on the generation of solutions but on the ability to create new approaches to the problem situation itself. The strategies Dorst presents are drawn from the unique, sophisticated, multilayered practices of top designers, and from insights that have emerged from fifty years of design research. Dorst describes the nine steps of the frame creation process and illustrates their application to real-world problems with a series of varied case studies. He maps innovative solutions that include rethinking a store layout so retail spaces encourage purchasing rather than stealing, applying the frame of a music festival to understand late-night problems of crime and congestion in a club district, and creative ways to attract young employees to a temporary staffing agency. Dorst provides tools and methods for implementing frame creation, offering not so much a how-to manual as a do-it-yourself handbook—a guide that will help practitioners develop their own approaches to problem-solving and creating innovation.

Three Horizons

Three Horizons PDF Author: Bill Sharpe
Publisher: Triarchy Press
ISBN: 1911193872
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description
A practical framework for thinking about the future... and an exploration of 'future consciousness' and how to develop it

The Innovation Mode

The Innovation Mode PDF Author: George Krasadakis
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030451399
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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Book Description
This book presents unique insights and advice on defining and managing the innovation transformation journey. Using novel ideas, examples and best practices, it empowers management executives at all levels to drive cultural, technological and organizational changes toward innovation. Covering modern innovation techniques, tools, programs and strategies, it focuses on the role of the latest technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence to discover, handle and manage ideas), methodologies (including Agile Engineering and Rapid Prototyping) and combinations of these (like hackathons or gamification). At the same time, it highlights the importance of culture and provides suggestions on how to build it. In the era of AI and the unprecedented pace of technology evolution, companies need to become truly innovative in order to survive. The transformation toward an innovation-led company is difficult – it requires a strong leadership and culture, advanced technologies and well-designed programs. The book is based on the author’s long-term experience and novel ideas, and reflects two decades of startup, consulting and corporate leadership experience. It is intended for business, technology, and innovation leaders.